A multicast cloud controller (“MCC”) in a cloud system implements a process to manage multicast traffic in a cloud network. The MCC is coupled to at least one virtualized server for hosting one or more virtual machines (“VM”), wherein the virtualized server comprises at least one virtual switch (“VS”) that supports multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) and the virtual switch is coupled to a top of rack switch (“TORS”) that supports MPLS. MPLS is utilized to support multicast data traffic in the cloud system such that the system and method reduces state and is scalable.

Ip multicast service leave process for mpls-based virtual private cloud networking

The Encyclopedia of Internet Technologies and Applications discusses the extraordinary importance of Internet technologies, with a particular focus on the Web. Discussing the architecture and service technologies of the World Wide Web, the Encyclopedia of Internet Technologies and Applications includes comprehensive research on Web services, Semantic Web, and Web-based e-activities, among others. This reference tool is the single source for information on the world s greatest network, and provides a wealth of information for the average Internet consumer, as well as for an expert in the field of networking and Internet technologies. This comprehensive reference provides libraries with the most thorough examination of Internet technologies and applications an essential resource in supporting the information needs of researchers in a variety of related fields.

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Encyclopedia of Internet Technologies and Applications

Web Services technology provided several advantages over other technologies, however it still has serious limitations, including high latency and high protocol overhead. To improve performance, SOAP network traffic needs to be substantially reduced. This paper presents a novel approach, called similarity-based SOAP multicast protocol (SMP), to address the issue of latency. SMP reduces network traffic by aggregating syntactically similar SOAP messages to form a "compact SMP message";. The addresses of clients are encoded as strings in the SMP message header. The similarity of SOAP messages is measured in pairs and is based both on the message template and on the values of each XML tag in the messages. Each XML node in a SOAP message is indexed with an identifier and its position in the SOAP message. Only the indexed form of a SOAP message is sent to clients. Intermediary routers along the paths from server to clients parse the content of each SMP message passing through them and perform necessary operations to forward it to neighbouring routers. Experiments show that SMP can achieve up to 70% reduction in network traffic compared to traditional SOAP unicast.

Similarity-Based SOAP Multicast Protocol to Reduce Bandwith and Latency in Web Services

In this paper, we propose a multi-objective traffic engineering scheme using different distribution trees to multicast several flows. The aim is to combine into a single aggregated metric, the following weighting objectives: the maximum link utilization, the hop count, the total bandwidth consumption, and the total end-to-end delay. Moreover, our proposal solves the traffic split ratio for multiple trees. We formulate this multi-objective function as one with Non Linear programming with discontinuous derivatives (DNLP). Results obtained using SNOPT solver show that several weighting objectives are decreased and the maximum link utilization is minimized. The problem is NP-hard, therefore, a novel SPT algorithm is proposed for optimizing the different objectives. The behavior we get using this algorithm is similar to what we get with SNOPT solver. The proposed approach can be applied in MPLS networks by allowing the establishment of explicit routes in multicast events. The main contributions of this paper are the optimization model and the formulation of the multi-objective function; and that the algorithm proposed shows polynomial complexity.

A Multi-Objective Optimization Scheme for Multicast Routing: A Multitree Approach

Multicast and multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) are two complementary technologies. Merging these two technologies where multicast trees are constructed over MPLS networks will enhance performance and present an efficient solution for multicast scalability and control overhead problems. We present a simulator for multicast routing over an MPLS network where we choose PIM-SM (source specific tree) as the multicast routing protocol. A simulator for multicast routing over MPLS network is an original idea since this kind of simulator never existed before and it will help researchers to simulate and evaluate their MPLS multicast related techniques.

Multicast routing simulator over MPLS networks

In this paper, we present a new approach to construct multicast trees in MPLS networks. This approach utilizes MPLS LSP between multicast tree branching node routers in order to reduce forwarding states and enhance scalability. In our approach only routers that are acting as multicast tree branching node for a group need to keep the forwarding state for that group. All other non-branching node routers simply forward data packets over traffic engineered unicast routes using MPLS LSP. We can deduce that our approach can be largely deployed because it uses for multicast traffic the same unicast MPLS forwarding scheme. In this paper we briefly discuss MPLS, the multicast scalability problem, merging the two technologies, related works and different techniques for forwarding state reduction. We evaluate the approach and present some related issues to conclude finally that it is feasible and promising.

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A new approach to construct multicast trees in MPLS networks

Several multicast mechanisms, known as small group multicast, were proposed that scale better with the number of multicast sessions than traditional multicast does. We propose a new approach, simple explicit multicast (SEM), which uses an efficient method to construct multicast trees and deliver multicast packets. SEM is original because it adopts the source-specific channel address allocation, reduces forwarding states in non-branching node routers and implements data distribution using unicast trees.

A. Boudani

Papers

A new approach to construct multicast trees in MPLS networks

SEM: a new small group multicast routing protocol