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A Chattopadhyay

Bio: A Chattopadhyay is an academic researcher from All India Institute of Medical Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Tracheoesophageal fistula & Esophagus. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 3 publications receiving 56 citations.

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The diagnosis of GUTB must be suspected in patients who present with hematuria (gross or otherwise), epididymoorchitis, and patients with long segment or multiple ureteric strictures, in view of the anticipated resurgence in tuberculosis caused by the prevalence of aquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

50 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Advantages of the abdominal esophagostomy include absence of gastroesophageal reflux, no indwelling catheter, early institution of enteral feeds, intermittent catheterization for feeding, easy nursing care, and no stomal complications.

7 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Stomal stenosis has been shown to be of potential advantage for the use of IBS in bowel elongation procedures and showed that the IBS was sustained by collateral from the omentum.
Abstract: An isolated bowel segment (IBS) was created in 10 rats by a two staged procedure: (1) Co-optation of the omentum to the submucosa of the bowel segment and (2) division of the mesentery of this segment 6 weeks later. Fluorescein angiography was done in 5 rats and showed that the IBS was sustained by collateral from the omentum. Histological evaluation in 5 other rats showed no adverse changes in the wall or mucous of the IBS. Stomal stenosis has been shown to be of potential advantage for the use of IBS in bowel elongation procedures.

1 citations


Cited by
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TL;DR: Although chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment, surgery in the form of ablation or reconstruction may be unavoidable and both radical and reconstructive surgery should be carried out in the first 2 months of intensive chemotherapy.

142 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Data point to a correlation of the timing of diagnosis with the severity of urogenital tuberculosis, and a systematic search for urogenITAL tuberculosis, regardless of symptoms, is warranted for early detection.
Abstract: The AIDS epidemic caused unexpected worldwide levels of tuberculosis, even in developed countries where the incidence used to be low. Patients with urogenital tuberculosis in developed countries have fewer specific symptoms and lower rates of delayed diagnoses compared with patients from other countries. As a result, the disease tends to be less serious, with more patients presenting without significant lesions of the upper urinary tract on diagnosis. These data point to a correlation of the timing of diagnosis with the severity of urogenital tuberculosis. A systematic search for urogenital tuberculosis, regardless of symptoms, is warranted for early detection.

128 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: GUTB can involve any part of the genitourinary system and presentation may vary from vague urinary symptoms to chronic kidney disease, and newer tests like radiometric liquid culture systems and polymerase chain reaction give rapid results and carry high diagnostic value.
Abstract: Objective: We herein describe the various modes of presentation in genitourinary tuberculosis (GUTB) and a simple diagnostic approach to it. Materials and Methods: We made a literature search through Medline database and various other peer-reviewed online journals to study the various modes of presentation in GUTB. We reviewed over 100 articles published in the last 10 years (1998 -- 2007), which were tracked through the key words like GUTB and extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Results: GUTB has varied presentation and the most common way of presentation is in the form of irritative voiding symptoms, which are found in more than 50% of the patients. The usual frequency of organ involvement is: kidney, bladder, fallopian tube, and scrotum. The usual tests used to diagnose GUTB are the demonstration of mycobacterium in urine or body fluid and radiographic examination. Intravenous urography (IVU) has been considered to be one of the most useful tests for the anatomical as well as the functional details of kidneys and ureters. In cases of renal failure, MRI can be used. Newer examinations such as radiometric liquid culture systems (i.e., BACTEC® , Becton Dickinson,USA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) give rapid results and are highly sensitive in the identification of mycobacterium. Conclusion: GUTB can involve any part of the genitourinary system and presentation may vary from vague urinary symptoms to chronic kidney disease. Newer tests like radiometric liquid culture systems and polymerase chain reaction give rapid results and carry high diagnostic value.

71 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Patients who have had a renal transplant, have HIV infection, receive immunosuppressive therapies, have diabetes, have COPD and those undergoing dialysis often experience reactivation of latent TB infection.
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common cause of death from infectious disease worldwide. A substantial proportion of patients presenting with extrapulmonary TB have urogenital TB (UG-TB), which can easily be overlooked owing to non-specific symptoms, chronic and cryptic protean clinical manifestations, and lack of clinician awareness of the possibility of TB. Delay in diagnosis results in disease progression, irreversible tissue and organ damage and chronic renal failure. UG-TB can manifest with acute or chronic inflammation of the urinary or genital tract, abdominal pain, abdominal mass, obstructive uropathy, infertility, menstrual irregularities and abnormal renal function tests. Advanced UG-TB can cause renal scarring, distortion of renal calyces and pelvic, ureteric strictures, stenosis, urinary outflow tract obstruction, hydroureter, hydronephrosis, renal failure and reduced bladder capacity. The specific diagnosis of UG-TB is achieved by culturing Mycobacterium tuberculosis from an appropriate clinical sample or by DNA identification. Imaging can aid in localizing site, extent and effect of the disease, obtaining tissue samples for diagnosis, planning medical or surgical management, and monitoring response to treatment. Drug-sensitive TB requires 6–9 months of WHO-recommended standard treatment regimens. Drug-resistant TB requires 12–24 months of therapy with toxic drugs with close monitoring. Surgical intervention as an adjunct to medical drug treatment is required in certain circumstances. Current challenges in UG-TB management include making an early diagnosis, raising clinical awareness, developing rapid and sensitive TB diagnostics tests, and improving treatment outcomes. Urogenital tuberculosis can be easily overlooked owing to non-specific symptoms, varying manifestations and a lack of awareness of the disease. In this Review, Muneer and colleagues provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis and management of this disease.

67 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Tuberculous epididymitis can be the sole presentation of genitourinary tuberculosis.
Abstract: Background: Tuberculous epididymitis is one of the causes of chronic epididymal lesions. It is difficult to diagnose in the absence of renal involvement. Aim : To profile isolated tuberculous epididymitis and to assess our approach in the evaluation of this group of patients. Setting and Design : Retrospective study done at Christian Medical College, Vellore, South India. Methods and Materials : Between 1992 and 2002, 156 fine needle aspiration cytology specimens and 108 epididymal biopsies were carried out in 187 men for evaluation of chronic epididymal nodules. Isolated epididymal tuberculosis was defined as tuberculous infection affecting the epididymis without evidence of renal involvement as documented by the absence of acid fast bacilli in the urine sample and on imaging. The age, laterality, mode of presentation and method of histological diagnosis were studied with the objective of profiling isolated tuberculous epididymitis. Results : Fifty-four of the 187 men (median age 32 years; interquartile range: 21-37 years) had tuberculous epididymitis. Fourteen were excluded from the analysis (10 had associated urinary tract tuberculosis and 4 were lost to follow-up). None of the 40 men with isolated tuberculous epididymitis had urinary symptoms. Bilateral involvement was seen in five (12.5%) cases. The salient presenting features included painful swelling (16 subjects, 40%), scrotal sinus (4, 20%) and acute epididymitis (2, 10%). Past history or concomitant presence of tuberculosis was noted in three subjects each. Anti TB treatment resulted in a complete response in 10 and partial response in 18. Five subjects underwent epididymectomy. Tuberculous epididymitis was found incidentally in 5 (10%) cases on high orchiectomy specimen done for suspected testicular tumour. Conclusions : Tuberculous epididymitis can be the sole presentation of genitourinary tuberculosis.

64 citations