A. D. Pomogailo

Bio: A. D. Pomogailo is an academic researcher from Russian Academy of Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Polymerization & Monomer. The author has an hindex of 15, co-authored 152 publications receiving 964 citations. Previous affiliations of A. D. Pomogailo include Ivanovo State University & Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics.

Polymer Sol-Gel Synthesis of Hybrid Nanocomposites

Abstract: The current state and main problems of polymer sol-gel synthesis as a method of the preparation of hybrid polymer-inorganic nanocomposites are analyzed. The general characterization of sol-gel reactions is given and the routes of the combination of sol-gel synthesis with the polymerization of traditional monomers are considered. Particular attention is given to the formation of sol-gel precursors in the presence of organic polymers, including the formation of interpenetrating hybrid networks. The specificity of hybrid nanocomposites based on multicomponent ceramics is discussed. The sol-gel process is analyzed as a promising route for the preparation of bioceramics in the presence of templates.

Fabrication of nanostructured yttria stabilized zirconia multilayered films and their optical humidity sensing capabilities based on transmission

Abstract: The present paper reports the study of modulation in intensity of light transmitted through the thin films of nanostructured yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) with the exposure of moisture at room temperature. For this purpose the precursor of YSZ was prepared and used for the deposition of multilayered thin films on borosilicate substrates. The film was then investigated using SEM, XRD and UV–vis absorption techniques. The refractive index of the sensing material was found as 1.448829. SEM showed the macroporous nature of the film and XRD revealed the minimum crystallite size as 5 nm which was further confirmed using TEM and Zeta Nanosizer. Energy band-gaps of one-, two-, three- and four- layered films were estimated as 3.927, 3.919, 3.873 and 3.830 eV respectively by UV–vis spectrophotometer. These films were employed as transmission based opto-electronic humidity sensor. Maximum sensitivity was found as ∼ 1.937, 1.642, 1.393 and 1.143 μW/%RH for one, two, three and four- layered films, respectively. Response and recovery times of the sensor were found as 28 s and 30 s respectively. Experiments were repeated time to time and found that the sensor was ∼94% stable after long run. Thus the investigated opto-electronic sensor has excellent potential to replace an electrical humidity sensor.

Synthesis and intercalation chemistry of hybrid organo-inorganic nanocomposites

Abstract: The synthesis and structure of organo-inorganic nanocomposites prepared by intercalation of monomers or polymers into the interlayer galleries of layered matrices are analyzed. General features and the mechanism of the intercalation process, as well as materials used for this purpose, mostly often naturally occurring materials (clays, silicates, layered phosphates, chalcogenides, and other moieties hosts), are discussed. Mechanisms governing the intercalation of monomers or polymer repeating units into the interlayer galleries as guests are compared. One of the most widespread and commercially important intracrystalline chemical reactions is the incorporation of monomer molecules into pores or layered lattices of the host substances with subsequent post-intercalation transformations into polymer, oligomer, or hybrid-sandwich products. This strategy is used for the design of organo-inorganic self-assembling nanocomposites as multilayers (P/M)n, where M and P are nanosized oppositely charged layers of an inorganic component and a polymer. Particular emphasis is placed on nanocomposites based on polyconjugated conducting polymers (polyaniline, polypyrrole, etc.) and various mineral matrices, as well as on semiconductor polymer-metal chalcogenide inclusion nanocomposites. Basic application areas of hybrid nanomaterials are considered.

Synthesis and reactivity of metal-containing monomers: 47. Synthesis and structure of salts of unsaturated dicarboxylic acids

Abstract: Acid and neutral CoII, CuII, NiII, ZnII, FeII, and FeIII maleates, fumarates, and itaconates were obtained and characterized. The methods for their synthesis were optimized, and the valence state and coordination of metals were studied. CoII and FeII hydrogen maleates, CoII maleate, and CoII fumarate were examined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The ligands based on unsaturated dicarboxylic acids can be mono-, bi-, and tetradentate, which results in the formation of acid salts, chain and three-dimensional coordination polymers, whose double bond is not involved in the coordination. The strong antiferromagnetic exchange (μelf=1.41 and 0.34 μB at 290 and 80 K, respectively) was detected in CuII itaconate. Based on the data of Mössbauer spectroscopy, the partial reduction of FeIII to FeII during the synthesis of FeIII maleate was shown to occur: δFe=0.43 and 1.27 mm s−1, ΔEQ=0.57 and 3.13 mm s−1 and Γ=0.37 and 0.28 mm s−1 atT=298 K for FeIII and FeII, respectively.

Hybrid Intercalative Nanocomposites

Abstract: This review focuses on organic-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites, a research area that has made rapid progress in recent years. Inorganic components (hosts) include both natural materials (clays, silicates, smectites, layered phosphates, and others) and compounds prepared by different synthetic techniques. Into their interlayer spaces, various organic guests—solvents, monomers, and polymers—can be intercalated. Among the hybrid nanocomposites analyzed in detail are those based on polyconjugated electrically conducting polymers, such as poly(aniline) and poly(pyrrole), and various mineral matrices. Particular attention is paid to polymer-metal chalcogenide nanocomposites and their applications as semiconducting materials. One of the most common and practically important intracrystalline processes in the fabrication of hybrid nanocomposites is the incorporation of monomer molecules into pores of the host, followed by controlled internal transformations into polymer, oligomer, or hybrid-sandwich products (in situ postintercalative transformations). This approach is often called “ship-in-the-bottle” polymerization. Another widely used approach is the incorporation of macromolecules into layered host lattices from solutions or melts. This process offers the possibility of producing graphite intercalation compounds and inorganic-organic multilayer composites, including self-assembled nanocomposites in the form of (P/M)n multilayers, where M and P are oppositely charged inorganic and polymer nanolayers.

Functional inorganic nanofillers for transparent polymers

Abstract: The integration of inorganic nanoparticles into polymers has been used for the functionalization of polymer materials with great success. Whereas in traditional polymer composites, micron sized particles or agglomerates typically cause significant light scattering hampering optical applications, in nanocomposites the particle dimensions are small enough for the production of highly transparent composites. A challenge for the generation of such materials is to develop an integrated synthesis strategy adapting particle generation, surface modification and integration inside the polymer. Surface grafting using polymerizable surfactants or capping agents allows for linking the particles to the polymer. Novel techniques such as in situ polymerization and in situ particle processing are beneficial to avoid aggregation of inorganic particles inside the polymer matrix. The functions associated with inorganic fillers are widespread. Layered silicates and related materials are nowadays commercially available for improving mechanical and barrier properties in packaging. With the availability of highly transparent materials, the focus has shifted towards optical functions such as luminescence and UV-protection in transparent polymers. IR-active fillers are used in laser-holography for transparent poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposites. Refractive index modulation and ultrahigh refractive index films were developed based on inorganic materials such as PbS. The integration of magnetic nanoparticles has a great potential for applications such as electromagnetic interference shielding and magneto-optical storage.This tutorial review will summarize functions associated with the integration of inorganic nanofillers in polymers with a focus on optical properties.

Electrodeposition of Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Thin Films

Abstract: Electrodeposition of inorganic compound thin films in the presence of certain organic molecules results in self-assembly of various hybrid thin films with new properties. Examples of new discoveries by the authors are reviewed, taking cathodic formation of a ZnO/dye hybrid as the leading example. Hybridization of eosinY leads to the formation of highly oriented porous crystalline ZnO as the consequence of dye loading. The hybrid formation is a highly complicated process involving complex chemistry of many molecular and ionic constituents. However, electrochemical analyses of the relevant phenomena indicate the possibility of reaching a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism, giving us the chance to further develop them into industrial technologies. The porous crystals are ideal for photoelectrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells. As the process also permits the use of non-heat-resistant substrates, the technology can be applied for the development of colorful and light-weight plastic solar cells.

Combinatorial Synthesis and Analysis of Organometallic Compounds and Catalysts

Abstract: The present invention relates, inter alia, to methodologies for the synthesis, screening and characterization of organometallic compounds and catalysts (e.g., homogeneous catalysts). The methods of the present invention provide for the combinatorial synthesis, screening and characterization of libraries of supported and unsupported organometallic compounds and catalysts (e.g., homogeneous catalysts). The methods of the present invention can be applied to the preparation and screening of large numbers of organometallic compounds which can be used not only as catalysts (e.g., homogeneous catalysts), but also as additives and therapeutic agents.