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A Philip J. Lake

Bio: A Philip J. Lake is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Core (optical fiber). The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 18 citations.

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19 citations


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TL;DR: Physiotherapists could consider using heat, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and yoga in the management of primary dysmenorrhea, while benefits were also identified for acupuncture and acupressure in no-treatment controlled trials.

133 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Low-level laser therapy in women with knee osteoarthritis showed reduced pain and increased physical functionality after 3 months of US + LLLT with and without TE.
Abstract: This study evaluated the synergistic effects of ultrasound (US) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with or without therapeutic exercises (TE) in women with knee osteoarthritis. Forty-two Caucasian women with knee osteoarthritis were allocated into three groups: (1) the placebo group who did not perform TE, but the prototype without emitting light or ultrasonic waves was applied, (2) the US + LLLT group in which only the prototype was applied and (3) the TE + US + LLLT group that performed TE before the prototype was applied. However, 35 women completed the full clinical trial. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) using an algometer and functional performance during the sit-to-stand test were carried out. The average PPT levels increased for US + LLLT (41 ± 9 to 54 ± 15 N, p < 0.01) and TE + US + LLLT (32 ± 8 to 45 ± 9 N, p < 0.01) groups. The number of sit-to-stands was significantly higher for all groups. However, the change between pre-treatment and post-treatment (delta value) was greater for the US + LLLT (4 ± 1) and TE + US + LLLT groups (5 ± 1) than for the placebo group (2 ± 1) with a significant intergroup difference (p < 0.05). This study showed reduced pain and increased physical functionality after 3 months of US + LLLT with and without TE.

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A valid and reliable scale to assess the perception of stretching intensity below and above the maximal range of motion and it is expected a high application in assessing the stretch intensity using the SIS in future studies and practical interventions.
Abstract: This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable scale to assess the perception of stretching intensity below and above the maximal range of motion. Experiments were conducted through a passive leg extension angle-torque assessment to healthy population (n = 90). In the study's first phase, the visual, numerical, and description of the stretching intensity scale (SIS) components were developed. The visual analog scale (VAS) score, absolute magnitude estimation (AME) score, and verbal stretching intensity symptom descriptors were assessed for different stretching intensities. In the second phase, the SIS was tested for validity, reliability, scale production, and estimation properties as well as responsiveness to stretching. In the first phase, a high correlation was found between SIS score and range of motion (ROM), as well as SIS and torque in both submaximal (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.89-0.99, r = 0.88-0.99) and supramaximal (ICC = 0.75-0.86, r = 0.68-0.88) stretching intensities. The AME and VAS scores fitted well in an exponential model for submaximal stretching intensities (y = 14.829e, ICC = 0.97 [0.83-0.99], r = 0.98), and in a linear model for supramaximal stretching intensities (y = 0.7667x - 25.751, ICC = 0.97 [0.89-0.99], r = 0.9594). For the second phase, a high correlation was found between SIS score and ROM (r = 0.70-0.76, ICC = 0.76-0.85), as well as SIS and torque (r = 0.62-0.88, ICC = 0.57-0.85). The interday reliability was high to produce (r = 0.70, ICC = 0.70 [0.50-0.83]) or estimate (r = 0.89, ICC = 0.89 [0.82-0.93]) stretching intensities. The acute stretching effects on ROM and passive torque were detectable using the SIS. It is expected a high application in assessing the stretch intensity using the SIS in future studies and practical interventions.

15 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Dental procedures are associated with post-operative pain in children and anxious patients are more likely to report pain, while conservative treatment for primary teeth group reported the least pain.
Abstract: AIM: To determine post-operative pain in children following treatment in the dental chair and its relation to dental anxiety.

14 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Appropriate management includes evaluation of the functional impact of NP, patient education and reassurance, and a multi-model biopsychosocial approach that includes various nonpharmacological modalities is recommended.
Abstract: Neuropathic pain (NP) represents a common and diverse group of disorders with peripheral and/or central nervous system damage or dysfunction. Many patients report intractable and severe pain that is resistant to simple analgesics. The diagnosis of NP is primarily based on clinical evaluation rather than diagnostic tests. Distinct pain qualities in the patient’s history and findings on clinical examination, such as hyperalgesia and other sensory findings in an area correlating with the patient’s pain pattern are important in diagnosis. Various screening tools may assist in the diagnosis of NP. A number of pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified in NP, including sodium- and calcium-channel upregulation and spinal cord hyperexcitability (central sensitisation).Appropriate management includes evaluation of the functional impact of NP, patient education and reassurance. A multi-model biopsychosocial approach that includes various nonpharmacological modalities is recommended. Appropriate pharmacological management is based on evidence-based recommendations that provide guidance for selecting first-, second- and third-line medications, alone or in combination. It is hoped that future treatment advances will improve the care of patients who live with NP.

9 citations