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A. S. Kamalanathan

Bio: A. S. Kamalanathan is an academic researcher from VIT University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Affinity chromatography & Glycan. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 14 publications receiving 97 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Glycan array analysis of AHL revealed its highest affinity for terminal lactosamine or polylactosamine of N- glycans, known to be over expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and colon cancer.
Abstract: Plant lectins are gaining interest because of their interesting biological properties. Several Adenia species, that are being used in traditional medicine to treat many health ailments have shown presence of lectins or carbohydrate binding proteins. Here, we report the purification, characterization and biological significance of N-Acetyl galactosamine specific lectin from Adenia hondala (AHL) from Passifloraceae family. AHL was purified in a single step by affinity chromatography on asialofetuin Sepharose 4B column, characterized and its fine sugar specificity determined by glycan array analysis. AHL is human blood group non specific and also agglutinates rabbit erythrocytes. AHL is a glycoprotein with 12.5% of the carbohydrate, SDS-PAGE, MALDI-TOF-MS and ESI-MS analysis showed that AHL is a monomer of 31.6 kDa. AHL is devoid of DNase activity unlike other Ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs). Glycan array analysis of AHL revealed its highest affinity for terminal lactosamine or polylactosamine of N- glycans, known to be over expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma and colon cancer. AHL showed strong binding to human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells with MFI of 59.1 expressing these glycans which was effectively blocked by 93.1% by asialofetuin. AHL showed dose and time dependent growth inhibitory effects on HepG2 cells with IC50 of 4.8 μg/ml. AHL can be explored for its clinical potential.

2 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: This review focuses on understanding some of the diabetic complications leading to derangement in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, formation of advanced glycation end products with special reference to lipoproteins, lipotoxicity and endothelial dysfunction contributing to the progression of atherosclerosis subsequently leading to cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients.
Abstract: There has been an increased incidence of Type II Diabetes Mellitus worldwide and in an epidemic proportion especially in the developing countries. It has already caused considerable health, psychological and socio-economic burden to the individuals of the family and to the health care system. Diabetic patients (type II) are often associated with secondary complications affecting heart, kidney, brain, eyes, etc. Most of the deaths in diabetic patients occur due to the derangements in the cardiovascular system with the progression towards atherosclerosis. Diabetic atherosclerosis is considered a chronic inflammatory disease involving multiple risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, smoking, etc., all of which contributes to the progression of the disease. This review focuses on understanding some of the diabetic complications leading to derangement in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, formation of advanced glycation end products with special reference to lipoproteins, lipotoxicity and endothelial dysfunction contributing to the progression of atherosclerosis subsequently leading to cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A two-step method has been developed and optimized for the purification of ApoA1 from plasma and serves as an alternative method which can be combined with traditional approaches and has a great potential for biochemical and clinical studies.

1 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: A two-step method has been developed and optimized for the purification of HDL-ApoA1 from plasma in this article, where the bound proteins were eluted by decreasing the pH in step-gradient from pH 7.4 to pH 4.0 and subsequently to pH 3.5.

1 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Insight is obtained about the differences in cardiovascular disease risk presentation in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and myocardial infarction pathologies based on modifications of monomeric plasma apolipoprotein A1 by proteomics by targeted proteomics.
Abstract: The study aims to obtain insight about the differences in cardiovascular disease risk presentation in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and myocardial infarction pathologies based on modifications of monomeric plasma apolipoprotein A1 by proteomics. Blood samples were collected from myocardial infarction (n = 20), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 21) and systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 12) subjects along with normal controls (n = 13) for this study. Plasma ApoA1-oxidized modifications in each group were assessed by targeted proteomics and compared. Lipid profile, myeloperoxidase levels and few immunological parameters were also assessed. Very low density lipoprotein levels were high in all cases, while triglyceride/HDL ratio was twofold high in autoimmune diseases. Levels of MPO in RA cases were ~ 1.5-fold high, while SLE showed modest MPO levels compared to controls. Neutrophil counts were high in RA, while monocyte count was high in SLE. Proteomic investigation depicted equal ratio of methionine oxidation at position 86 and ~ 20% difference in pyroglutamination at positions 132 and 216 in RA and MI cases which may indicate a common phenomenon for cardiovascular disease. Pyroglutamination at position 216 in MI cases suggests the presence of auto-inflammation. Nitro-tyrosine and chloro-tyrosine residues were observed only in RA and SLE cases. Chloro-tyrosine modification at position 100 and nitro-tyrosine modification at position 166 were found relatively higher in RA cases. Comparative analysis of all parameters disclosed distinctive pattern that may help in understanding the impact of inflammation and shed light on its relation with cardiovascular disease risk between the pathological groups.

Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 2017-Methods
TL;DR: A detailed overview on affinity chromatography and the components involved in purification is provided to provide a detailed overview of antibody purification methodologies and their underlying working principles.

64 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The design, development, and properties of diverse classes of alternative antibody-binding ligands, ranging from engineered versions of Ig-binding proteins, to artificial binding proteins, peptides, aptamers, and synthetic small-molecular-weight compounds are reviewed.

61 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Because of the high specificity towards mannose these lectins are valuable tools for deciphering and characterizing the complexMannose-containing glycans that decorate both normal and transformed cells, e.g., the altered high-mannose N-glycans that often occur at the surface of various cancer cells.
Abstract: To date, a number of mannose-binding lectins have been isolated and characterized from plants and fungi. These proteins are composed of different structural scaffold structures which harbor a single or multiple carbohydrate-binding sites involved in the specific recognition of mannose-containing glycans. Generally, the mannose-binding site consists of a small, central, carbohydrate-binding pocket responsible for the "broad sugar-binding specificity" toward a single mannose molecule, surrounded by a more extended binding area responsible for the specific recognition of larger mannose-containing N-glycan chains. Accordingly, the mannose-binding specificity of the so-called mannose-binding lectins towards complex mannose-containing N-glycans depends largely on the topography of their mannose-binding site(s). This structure⁻function relationship introduces a high degree of specificity in the apparently homogeneous group of mannose-binding lectins, with respect to the specific recognition of high-mannose and complex N-glycans. Because of the high specificity towards mannose these lectins are valuable tools for deciphering and characterizing the complex mannose-containing glycans that decorate both normal and transformed cells, e.g., the altered high-mannose N-glycans that often occur at the surface of various cancer cells.

48 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The chemical diversity and activity profiles of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors from plants reveal two recurring motifs: the structure of several active anti- Reverse transcriptase compounds mimics nucleoside analogues, and numerous anti-reverse transcriptase phytochemicals have pleiotropic effects and heterogenous pharmacological benefits during infection and disease.
Abstract: Current challenges to antiretroviral therapy have opened new vistas in the search for novel drugs from natural products. This review focusses on plants as sources of inhibitors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase. Based on a systematic search of the literature, anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity was recorded for 132 plant species in 100 genera and 51 families. Seven families comprise 52.6% of plant species with anti-reverse transcriptase activity: Lamiaceae (13.7%), Fabaceae (10.7%), Euphorbiaceae (9.9%), Clusiaceae (6.1%), Asteraceae (4.6%), Combretaceae (4.6%), and Moraceae (3.0%). The repertoire of anti-reverse transcriptase active compounds includes (-)-catechin, 1,8-cineole, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 5,7-dimethoxy-6-methylflavone, apigenin, baicalein, betulinic acid, caffeic acid, cis-3-hexene-1-ol, eugenol, euscaphic acid, gallic acid, hoslunddiol, limonene, naringenin, oleanolic acid, p-cymene, pomolic acid, quinic acid, rosmarinic acid, stigmasterol, thymol, ursolic acid, α-bergamotene, α-pinene, and γ-terpinene. Among the IC50 values are 0.10 μg/ml (Uvaria angolensis), 3 μg/ml (Hemidesmus indicus), 2. 3μg/ml (Adansonia digitata), 6.24 μg/ml (Caesalpinia coriaria), 7.2 μg/ml (Terminalia sericea), 17.4 μg/ml (Hypoxis hemerocallidea), and 79 μg/ml (Moringa oleifera). The chemical diversity and activity profiles of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors from plants reveal two recurring motifs: the structure of several active anti-reverse transcriptase compounds mimics nucleoside analogues, and numerous anti-reverse transcriptase phytochemicals have pleiotropic effects and heterogenous pharmacological benefits during infection and disease. To accelerate drug discovery and development, this review recommends the urgent need to tap into the rich vein of indigenous knowledge of putative anti-HIV/AIDS medicinal plants (reverse pharmacology), determine pan-assay interference compounds, analyze structure-activity relationships, and conduct more clinical trials.

40 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The binding capacity has been found to be significantly higher for sc plasmid, probably because of its compact structure, being also improved when using feedstock with increased plasmids concentrations and decreased linear velocity.

40 citations