There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

The growth of high speed computer networks and that of the Internet, in particular, has increased the ease of Information Communication. Ironically, the cause for the development is also of the apprehension - use of digital formatted data. In comparison with Analog media, Digital media offers several distinct advantages such as high quality, easy editing, high fidelity copying, compression etc. But this type advancement in the field of data communication in other sense has hiked the fear of getting the data snooped at the time of sending it from the sender to the receiver. So, Information Security is becoming an inseparable part of Data Communication. In order to address this Information Security, Steganography plays an important role. Steganography is the art and science of writing hidden messages in such a way that no one apart from the sender and intended recipient even realizes there is a hidden message.

Image steganography using least significant bit with cryptography

Chaotic systems are used in various applications due to their high security and complexity. Because minor changes in parameters have a significant effect on the output values and the dynamic behavior of the system. Besides, security and robustness are the most important requirements of data hiding. Therefore, in this paper, it is proposed to use chaos-based data hiding for videos. The merits of the proposed method are selection of embedding location with robust system, increasing the secret data capacity, and keep the visual quality, which are in trade-off for existing methods. Because, in the existing methods the secret message is embedded into pixels of a consecutive, a selected or a random frame. Another deficiency of existing methods is embedding capacity. They embed fewer secret data to keep the visual quality of the stego object. However, compared to the drawback of existing literature, in the proposed method the secret message is embedded in entire video with 4D chaotic system, which is also an important novelty of this paper. The proposed method evaluated by objective criteria and achieved valuable results. The histogram analysis proves our method is undetectable. For different high ratios of embedding capacity, the visual quality of the stego videos is high where the average PSNR is about 55 dB, and MS-SSIM is closed to 1. The proposed method's results compared chaotic and non-chaotic video steganography methods. Our methods achieve 54.92 dB for embedding ratio 8.08% where the results are 53.57 dB and 5% for the best existing non-chaotic method and 49.99 dB and 0.001% for the best chaotic method, for similar capacity the proposed method gives superior visual performance over the chaotic literature. Finally, the robustness analysis with pixel value attack and lsb attack shows the proposed method appears to be resistant to these types of attacks. 

4D chaotic system-based secure data hiding method to improve robustness and embedding capacity of videos

The proposed research work presents a novel data hiding method for video steganography in the compressed domain. In this method, the random numbered secret frames are selected from the RGB cover video sequence. This method increases the complexity level of video steganography by considering the specific host to conceal confidential data. It extracts the specific non-dynamic region from the secret frame and transforms the pixel value to the frequency domain using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The usage of random Least Significant Bit (LSB) of the real part of FFT as a carrier object leads to good video quality and secret data-carrying capacity. Furthermore, the secure compressed stego video is reconstructed using the H.264 video compression technique. The proposed method is experimented on some well-known video datasets by considering RGB images with different resolutions as a secret message. Performance evaluation parameters evaluate the proposed method’s efficiency, imperceptibility, robustness, and embedding capacity, and the improved results are compared with reported methodologies. The results show a significant improvement in the imperceptibility as a Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) value is reached up to infinity (Inf) in some cases. At the same time, the similarity between embedded and extracted message is achieved nearer to 1 with the negligible Bit Error Rate (BER) less than 0.1%, and the embedding capacity greater than 0.5% in all cases indicates an excellent sign of carrying a big amount of confidential data.

FFT-Based Robust Video Steganography over Non-dynamic Region in Compressed Domain

In a digital environment, secure data transfer is not possible via an unsecured medium due to intruders or hackers who manipulate data in an unauthorized manner. Data can be transmitted safely by using data hiding methods to prevent data leakage. Both data hiding and data encryption are used in this work to give dual safety. A speech signal file (.wav) has been invisible after being encrypted in a video file (.avi) through three stages. The first stage involved scrambling bits using a Brownian motion algorithm, scrambling blocks using a circle map algorithm, and finally shuffling the speech signal as a whole. The second stage involved encrypting the scrambled speech signal file with the ABC optimization algorithm. In the third stage, we used the k-means and least significant bit (LSB) algorithms for hiding.The paper results were very successful in encrypting a speech signal file that was difficult to recognize. That has been made possible by employing a multi-level scrambling approach. The measurements SNR, SNRseg, CC, LLR, PSNR, MSE, SSIM, and PRD are used to evaluate the ability of the encryption and hidden strategies. The steganography result has well relative to the difficulties of hiding the major speech signal file after encrypting and retrieving it without altering its contents. 

Hiding speech in video using swarm optimization and data mining

Protecting information on various communication media is considered an essential requirement in the present information transmission technology. So, there is a continuous search around different modern techniques that may be used to protect the data from the attackers. Steganography is one of those techniques that can be used to maintain the copyright by employing it to cover the publisher logo image inside the video frames. Nowadays, most of the popular known of the Video-Steganography methods become a conventional technique to the attacker, so there is a requirement for a modern and smart strategy to protect the copyright of the digital video file. Where this proposed system goal to create a hybrid system that combines the properties of Cryptography and Steganography work to protect the copyright hidden data from different attack types with maintaining of characteristics of the original video (quality and resolution). In this article, a modern Video-Steganography method is presented by employing the benefits of TC (Turbo code) to encrypt the pixels of logo image and Least two Significant Bit Technique procedure to embed the encryption pixels inside the frames of the video file. The insertion is performed in the frequency domain by applying the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)on the video frames. The examination of the suggested architecture is done by terms of Structural Similarity Index, MSE (mean squared error), and PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio) by comparing between an original and extracted logo as well as between original and Steganographic video (averaged overall digital frames in the video). The simulation results show that this method proved high security, robustness, capacity and produces a substantial performance enhancement over the present known ways with fewer distortions in the quality of the video

/pdf/design-and-simulation-a-video-steganography-system-by-using-1qkiyq4zly.pdf

Design and simulation a video steganography system by using FFT­turbo code methods for copyrights application

In this internet era, there is tremendous growth in the amount of digital data that exchange and disseminate across various internet platforms, especially video. Maintaining copyright for this data is one of the essential things that made people worry. So, there is continuously question around the protection techniques of the data. Video steganography is the human visual system cannot recognise one of the methods that used to hide data inside the digital video file in away. Video watermarking is another technique used to insert additional data inside the digital video to protects its intellectual right against unauthorised manipulation. In this paper, it will use the principle of both steganography and watermarking technique to maintain the video copyright by hiding publisher logo image inside the digital video file by embedding the logo pixel data in LSB of the video frames. The most famous known of the video steganography, watermarking techniques which used in the presented-day has become traditional methods to the attackers. Therefore, there is a necessity to a new smart approach to maintaining the copyright of the digital video. In this paper, an optimised technique is proposed by utilising the advantages of Turbo code to encryption the logo image bits and least significant bit (LSB) approach to embedding the encoded logo pixels inside the frames of the cover video. This process made the system have powerful and high security against the different hacker attacks. The system proved a high quality in result Stego-video by relative rate reach to 98% from the quality of the original video and PSNR equal about (57dB) with high robustness against noise like salt and pepper and Gaussian noise.

Abbas Ali Hussein

Papers

Design and simulation a video steganography system by using FFTturbo code methods for copyrights application

Implementation Of Stego-Watermarking Technique by Encryption Image Based On Turbo Code For Copyright Application

Abbas Ali Hussein

Papers

Design and simulation a video steganography system by using FFT­turbo code methods for copyrights application

Implementation Of Stego-Watermarking Technique by Encryption Image Based On Turbo Code For Copyright Application

Design and simulation a video steganography system by using FFTturbo code methods for copyrights application