Abdol Reza Nabinejad

Bio: Abdol Reza Nabinejad is an academic researcher from Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute. The author has contributed to research in topics: Rhipicephalus & Dairy cattle. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 3 publications receiving 11 citations.

Seroprevalence and risk factors assessment of the three main infectious agents associated with abortion in dairy cattle in Isfahan province, Iran

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and identify the risk factors associated with Neospora caninum, Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1), and Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection on industrial Holstein dairy cattle farms in Isfahan province, Central Iran. Blood samples were taken from 216 apparently healthy cattle from 16 randomly selected Holstein dairy farms in the North, South, East, and West of Isfahan in the summer of 2017. The antibodies to N. caninum, BHV-1, and BVDV were detected using a commercially available ELISA kit. The overall seroprevalence for N. caninum, BHV-1, and BVDV was 19%, 72.2%, and 52.8%, respectively. The significant major risk factors of BHV-1 in cattle were identified as farm direction, age groups, parity, and milk yield by the univariate analysis (p < 0.05). The significant major risk factors of BVDV in cattle were identified as age groups, parity, milk yield, and stage of pregnancy (p < 0.05). The only significant major risk factor of N. caninum was farm direction (p < 0.05). A significant association of concurrent infection with BVDV and BHV-1 has shown in the current study (p < 0.05). This study is the first to report the risk factors for N. caninum, BHV-1, and BVDV infection in the central part of Iran and allows us to conclude that these agents are widely distributed in this region.

Abundance, diversity and seasonal dynamics of hard ticks infesting cattle in Isfahan province, central Iran

Abstract: The objectives of this study were to determine the diversity, seasonal dynamics and abundance of ticks infesting cattle in Isfahan zone, Iran. The study was conducted in three traditional cattle farms. No acaricides had been applied to cattle at the selected farms. Adult ticks were collected twice per month from different parts of the cattle's body. Environmental data, including relative humidity, temperature and rainfall data were recorded in each sampling. A total of 1206 ticks (56% male and 44% female) were collected in the selected farms: Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum was the most abundant species (85.5%), followed by Hyalomma marginatum marginatum (8.7%) and Rhipicephalus sanguinus (6.5%), respectively. Ixodid tick abundance showed a dramatic increase, which led to remarkable abundance peaks during the spring (April, May and June), mainly due to the H. anatolicum anatolicum activity. The highest number of H. marginatum marginatum belonged to the end of the spring, and early summer. R. sanguinus was only collected in March (end of the winter) and June (end of the spring). The maximum density of the collected hard ticks was belonged to the spring (68.4%). About 27.1%, 3.5% and 1% of the whole tick samples were collected in summer, fall and winter, respectively. The maximum number of ticks were collected from udders (63.2%) followed by 36.1% from under the tail and 0.7% between the legs, while no ticks were found on the other parts of the animal’s body. Significant correlation was detected between tick number and mean temperature (P <0.05).

Molecular epidemiology of FMDV in Isfahan province of Iran (2006-2009).

Abstract: It is about 50 years that FMD affected the ruminants of Isfahan. Last outbreaks of FMD were happened at 2005 even vaccinated animals, so in current work using RT-PCR, sequencing and regression "r" values, the isolated strains in Isfahan were identified. The aim of this study was molecular epidemiology of FMDV in Isfahan province as the central part of Iran in 2006-2009. According to the result , a highly pathogen A05 strain was isolated from west (Najafabad city) about 2 months after the entrance of this virus to Iran through the west and north west margins toward central part and then distributed around 10 cities of Isfahan province. Here it is obvious that the A05 strain of Isfahan just showed 1% difference with A05IR (vaccine strain), in which for A22 were 65 %. Also based on the alignment of 600 bp of 3΄ end of the VP1 sequences of isolated type O comparing with representative of type O Shabestar vaccine strain and the other provinces of Iran, the Isfahan O isolate was 3% distinct from O shabestar vaccine strain. In a random "r" value detection of west isolate strain (A /Najafabad/Isfahan/Iran/ 05) against A87IR were 0.35 and against A05IR were 0.73; For O strain, randomly "r" value of center isolate (O/Isfahan/Isfahan/Iran) obtained against Iranian O vaccine strain (O Shabestar) were 0.76 and with O 967 (Panasia) were 0.88. Regarding to the conclusion, the FMD lived vaccine for Isfahan was improved with A05/Ir FMDV by Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute (RVSRI).

Species Diversity and Seasonal Distribution of Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) Infesting Mammalian Hosts in Various Districts of Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract: Hard ticks are among the most important blood sucking arthropods that transmit pathogens to humans and animals. This study was designed to determine prevalence, mapping, geographical distribution, and seasonal activity of hard tick species infesting the most common domestic and wild mammals in various districts of Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia, during the period January to December 2017. In total, 10,832 adult hard ticks were collected from the bodies of 8,435 animals belonging to 18 different mammalian species. The ticks were preserved in 70% alcohol and microscopy was used to identify species. Two genera, Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus, were identified, comprising 10 species of hard ticks, with Hyalomma comprising 68.3% and Rhipicephalus comprising 31.7% of species. The most common species on domestic mammalian hosts was Hyalomma dromedarii (Koch 1844) (39.9%) followed by Rhipicephalus turanicus (Pomerantsev, Matikashvili & Lotosky 1936) (34.9%), whereas on wild mammalian hosts Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille 1806) was by far the most prevalent species (83.0%). However, ticks were most abundant during May through July (36.0%) in the studied areas, and tick intensity and abundance differed among seasons. Our results provide information for human and animal health service managers, as well as governmental authorities, to gain a better understanding of hard ticks infesting mammalian hosts in Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia, which can help improve prevention and control of tick-borne diseases, especially during outbreaks.

Neospora caninum infection in Iran (2004-2020): A review.

Abstract: Knowledge on neosporosis and associated risk factors in different species of animals are so important for designing the control programs and reduce the economic losses globally. This literature review targeted for evaluating the infection rate of Neospora caninum in animals in Iran. Until April 2020, all of published documents in the main English and Persian-language databases were searched. A total number of 110 documents (English = 85 and Persian = 25) were extracted. Most of reports were sero-epidemiological studies using ELISA in Iranian cattle population. The range of Neospora infection was 3.8–76.2% in cattle, 0–54.6% in dogs, 0.9–9.9% in sheep, 6.2% in goats, 19.2–55.9% in buffaloes, 20–42.2% in horses, 52% in donkeys, 3.2–27% in camels, 14% and 19% in cats, and 0–20.4% in rodents. This rate in birds was 17.3% in chicken, 9.8% and 30.4% in pigeons, 2.8% and 3.7% in sparrows, and 9.9% in hooded crows. This is a comprehensive literature review on Neospora infection in Iran at the first time. The infection of N. caninum is widespread in Iran especially in dogs and cattle population. This review can provide baseline information for future research. Study on other hosts especially on wild and exotic animals is recommended for exact estimate of neosporosis in Iran. Investigations into molecular diagnosis and genotyping of N. caninum strains are also needed; this will be helpful for developing vaccines and finding the connection among wild and domestic cycles of disease. Education on the risk factors associated with N. caninum infection for is suggested farmers and rural public.

Neospora caninum Infection in Cattle and Dogs in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract: Neosporosis, a parasitic infection caused by Neospora caninum (N. caninum), is one of the main contagious factors that cause reproductive disturbances in cattle and neuromuscular complaints in dogs. This review was performed to determine the prevalence of cattle and dogs neosporosis in Iran. Data were systematically gathered from January 2004 to July 2020 in the Islamic Republic of Iran from the following electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Elmnet, Magiran, Irandoc, Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database (SID) and civilica. In cattle, 57 studies and in dogs 28 studies reporting the prevalence of neosporosis in different areas of Iran found which met our eligibility criteria. In total, the pooled prevalence of neosporosis, using a random-effect model, was estimated 24.2% (95% CI, 21.5-26.9) in cattle and 19.9% (95% CI, 15.3-24.4) in dogs. Furthermore, the majority of neosporosis cases were in the Southwest (37% in cattle and 30.6% in dogs) provinces of Iran. In conclusion, the pooled prevalence of cattle and dogs neosporosis in Iran is relatively high. This value differs among geographical regions as it is the maximum in the southwest for both and the minimum in the northeast for cattle and the southeast for dogs of Iran. These results are desirable for managing the control programs of this infection.

Brucella species circulating in rural and periurban dairy cattle farms: a comparative study in an endemic area

Abstract: Brucellosis is among the most important zoonotic infectious diseases worldwide affecting both humans and domestic animals. The present study aimed to determine and compare the seroprevalence of brucellosis among rural and periurban dairy cattle farms of four Iranian provinces from 2017 to 2019. We applied different serological tests, including RBT, SAT, and iELISA to evaluate the brucellosis prevalence among 2808 dairy cattle. Species-specific multiplex PCR and biotyping tests were also used to further identify the implicated Brucella species. Serological screening using RBT, SAT, and iELISA led to 157 (5.6%), 112 (3.9%), and 139 (4.9%) positive results among tested cattle, respectively. Brucella abortus biovars 1 (2 cases) and biovars 3 (42 cases) were identified by biotyping experiments and multiplex PCR in all 44 tested lymph node samples. Further, Cohen’s kappa statistical analysis revealed that the best degree of agreement was seen between RBT and iELISA (99.4%), followed by SAT/iELISA (98.5%) and finally RBT/SAT (98.4%). Our results also showed a significantly lower seroprevalence of brucellosis in periurban dairy cattle when compared to rural dairy cattle population (p value= 0.01). These results reflect the need for better vaccine coverage using RB51 combined with an appropriate test-and-slaughter program in the rural dairy cattle population.

Molecular Epidemiology and Risk Factors Assessment of Anaplasma spp. on Dairy Cattle in Southwest of Iran

Abstract: DOI : 1026650/actavet201918014 The present study was carried out to determine Anaplasma species and potential risk factors associated with molecular prevalence of Anaplasma spp among dairy cattle in southwest of Iran A total of 88 samples out of 200 generated an expected amplicon of 866 bp from Anaplasma marginale msp4 gene Six samples that were identified as A marginale gave also positive results for A phagocytophilum 16S rRNA gene with specific nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) The multivariate analysis of risk factors revealed that the cattle of mountain regions were significantly (p=00001) at higher risk as compared to the plain regions Cattle <1 year age and the latitude 32-33°C were significantly at lower risk (p<001) The cattle with low milk yield were significantly (p=0002) at lower risk Low hygienic farms were significantly (p=0011) at higher risk as compared to good and normal hygienic farms Distance from other farms (<1Km) was another important risk factor which showed significant association with the occurrence of Anaplasma infection (p=0021) The results of this study can be used in strategic planning for prevention and control of bovine anaplasmosis in dairy cattle in the southwest of Iran