Abhinya Plikomol

Bio: Abhinya Plikomol is an academic researcher from Chiang Mai University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Chitinase & Bacillus circulans. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 8 publications receiving 171 citations.

Purification and Characterization of Chitinase A of Streptomyces cyaneus SP-27: An Enzyme Participates in Protoplast Formation from Schizophyllum commune Mycelia

Abstract: A culture filtrate of Bacillus circulans KA-304 grown on a cell-wall preparation of Schizophyllum commune has an activity to form protoplasts from S. commune mycelia. alpha-1,3-Glucanase and chitinase I, which were isolated from the filtrate, did not form the protoplast by itself while a mixture of them showed protoplast-forming activity. Streptomyces cyaneus SP-27 was isolated based on the productivity of chitinase. The culture filtrate of S. cyaneus SP-27 did not form S. commune protoplasts, but addition of it to alpha-1,3-glucanase of B. circulans KA-304 brought about protoplast-forming activity. Chitinase A isolated from the S. cyaneus SP-27 culture filtrate was more effective than chitinase I of B. circulans KA-304 for the protoplast formation in combination with alpha-1,3-glucanase. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of chitinase A (MW 29,000) has a sequential similarity to those of several Streptomycete family 19 chitinases. Chitinase A adsorbed to chitinous substrate and inhibited the growth of Trichoderma reesei mycelia. Anomer analysis of the reaction products also suggested that the enzyme is a family 19 chitinase.

Solid-state cultivation of Bacillus thuringiensis R 176 with shrimp shells and rice straw as a substrate for chitinase production

Abstract: In this study, shrimp shell powder, prepared by treating shrimp-processing waste by boiling and crushing, was used as a substrate for isolation of chitinase-producing microorganism These organisms may have an important economic role in the biological control of rice and other fungal pathogens Two hundred strains of bacteria with the ability to degrade chitin from shrimp shell waste were isolated from paddy soil, and of these, 40 strains showed chitinase activity in a solid state cultivation One of the most potent isolates (strain R 176) was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis Identification was carried out using morphological and biochemical properties along with 16S rRNA sequence analysis This strain was able to produce high levels of extracellular chitinase in solid media containing shrimp shells as sole carbon source [136 U/g initial dry substrate (IDS)], which was 036-fold higher than the productivity in a liquid culture with colloidal chitin The effects of medium composition and physical parameters on chitinase production by this organism were studied The optimal medium contained shrimp shell mixed with rice straw in 1:1 ratio added with ball-milled chitin 05 % (w/v) and ammonium sulfate 05 % (w/v) The highest enzyme production (386 U/g IDS) by B thuringiensis R 176 was obtained at pH 7, 37 °C after 14 days growth With respect to the high amount of chitinase production by this strain in a simple medium, this strain could be a suitable candidate for the production of chitinase from chitinous solid substrates, and further investigations into its structure and characteristics are merited

Simultaneous P-solubilizing and biocontrol activity of microorganisms: potentials and future trends

Abstract: Phosphate (P)-solubilizing microorganisms as a group form an important part of the microorganisms, which benefit plant growth and development. Growth promotion and increased uptake of phosphate are not the only mechanisms by which these microorganisms exert a positive effect on plants. Microbially mediated solubilization of insoluble phosphates through release of organic acids is often combined with production of other metabolites, which take part in biological control against soilborne phytopathogens. In vitro studies show the potential of P-solubilizing microorganisms for the simultaneous synthesis and release of pathogen-suppressing metabolites, mainly siderophores, phytohormones, and lytic enzymes. Further trends in this field are discussed, suggesting a number of biotechnological approaches through physiological and biochemical studies using various microorganisms.

Bioprospecting and antifungal potential of chitinolytic microorganisms

Abstract: Fungal plant diseases are one of the major concerns to agricultural food production world wide. Soil borne pathogenic fungi such as Pythium, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia and Phytopthora attack most of the economically important crop plants (either through seed root before germination or seedling after germination) resulting in loss of billions of dollars. Moreover, the management of chitinous waste is also pressing need today. Mycolytic enzymes (chitinases, proteases and glucanase) producing microorganisms may help in solving these problems. These microorganisms have ability to lyse the fungal cell wall and also have the potential to manage the chitinous waste by producing chitinases. Many chitinolytic microorganisms have potential to control fungal plant pathogens but they are not fully successful in all the cases due to different geological and environmental conditions. Thus, bioprospecting to find novel, highly chitinolytic microorganisms which help in developing potential biocontrol agent. Furthermore, to increase the survivability of biocontrol agents, a formulation may also be necessary. This review is focused on the progress of chitinase genes, chitinolytic microorganisms and their diversity as well as formulation of chitinolytic producers which have the potential to control fungal plant pathogens

Chitinolytic Microorganisms and Their Possible Application in Environmental Protection

Abstract: This paper provides a review of the latest research findings on the applications of microbial chitinases to biological control. Microorganisms producing these enzymes can inhibit the growth of many fungal diseases that pose a serious threat to global crop production. Currently, efforts are being made to discover producers of chitinolytic enzymes. The potential exists that natural biofungicides will replace chemical fungicides or will be used to supplement currently used fungicides, which would reduce the negative impact of chemicals on the environment and support the sustainable development of agriculture and forestry.