Ohta-MatSubaYaShi, Y., KataKura, H., KahOnO, S. and KiKuchi, N. 2017. A taxonomic review of the phytophagous ladybird beetles of the Diekeana alternans complex (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) with descriptions of eight new species and one new subspecies. Ins. matsum. n. s. 73: 1–37, 14 figs, 1 table, 3 online supplementary figs. A group of phytophagous ladybird beetles utilizing diverse host plants in South and Southeast Asia was reviewed as the Diekeana alternans complex. Ten species (one with two subspecies) including seven new species and one new subspecies were described or redescribed under this species complex. Diekeana hopeiana (Miyatake) was synonymized with D. grayi (Mulsant). Two other species were also incorporated into this complex based on literature information. Additionally, another species closely related to this species complex was described as new to science. Species of the D. alternans complex constituted a part of the Diekeana admirabilis group and were characterized by a “blade” situated at the apical part of penis of male genitalia. Almost all the species could be identified by the species-specific conditions of male genitalia. The species that utilize cucurbitaceous plants of the tribes Benincaseae, Sicyoeae and/or Cucurbiteae were widespread in South and Southeast Asia comprising at least four allopatric species. On the other hand, the species specialized to other taxonomic groups of host plants were localized in either Sumatra or Java with a possible exception of D. glochinosa (Pang & Mao) in South China. They often sympatrically occurred with each other or with one of the cucurbitaceous plant feeders. Authors’ addresses. Ohta-Matsubayashi, Y.: Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan. Katakura, H.: The Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan (corresponding author: haruo_katakura@ nifty.com). Kahono, S.: Zoology Division (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense), Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia. KiKuchi, N.: Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.

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A taxonomic review of the phytophagous ladybird beetles of the Diekeana alternans complex (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) with descriptions of eight new species and one new subspecies

Papilio peranthus is endemic to Indonesia, where it occurs on several islands and island groups. This beautiful butterfly is extensively traded, thus efforts to breed this species are very desirable. Captive breeding research was conducted on P. peranthus during September 2016 to December 2018. In total, 221 individuals were available for observation. Data on the life cycle of the species, together with observations on females being approached for mating, and female oviposition after mating, are presented. The result demonstrate that P. peranthus is not monogamous. Observations on other biological aspects are also reported.

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Biological aspects of papilio peranthus (lepidoptera: papilionidae) as observed at butterfly research facility - lipi, cibinong, indonesia

The taxonomy of the subgenus Ashima of the genus Phortica is revised. A cladistic analysis of 66 morphological characters is conducted, covering 35 species (28 known and 7 new species: Phortica efragmentata sp. nov., P. andreagigoni sp. nov., P. watabei sp. nov., P. halimunensis sp. nov., P. akutsui sp. nov., P. kerinciensis sp. nov., and P. takehiroi sp. nov.) which correspond to 71.4% of 49 total spp. of Ashima. The resulting cladogram shows that the studied species are separated into several clades/subclades/cluster each highly supported with specific synapomorphies. Those clades/subclades/cluster are newly defined as the following species groups, subgroups or complex: the afoliolata, foliiseta, nigrifoliiseta and angulata species groups; the foliiseta, tanabei, nigrifoliiseta and glabra species subgroups; and the foliiseta species complex. The subgenus Ashima is peculiar in having the asymmetric male genitalia as the ground plan and showing the antisymmetry (i.e. intraspecific mirror-image variation) in some species but the directional asymmetry (i.e. side-fixed asymmetry) in others. The evolution of genital asymmetry in this subgenus is estimated by mapping the states (symmetry, directional asymmetry and antisymmetry) of bilateral structures of male genitalia on the cladogram. This ancestral state reconstruction estimates that the directional asymmetry of male genitalia has evolved at the ancestor of this subgenus and then changed to the antisymmetric state independently in two lineages, the angulata + nigrifoliiseta species groups and the foliiseta species complex. In this study, a standardized terminology recently proposed for the male terminalia of Drosophila melanogaster is extendedly adopted to describe the morphology of male terminalia in the subgenus Ashima, one group of the subfamily Steganinae.

Taxonomy and evolution of asymmetric male genitalia in the subgenus Ashima Chen (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Phortica Schiner), with descriptions of seven new species.

A study on the distribution and abundance of high mountain rat was carried out at Gunung Botol, Gunung Halimun National Park.Observation was conducted at three stations located at the mountain top, middle and foot of the mountain.The results indicated that four species of rat were recorded from Gunung Botol, namely Maxomys bartelsii,Niviventer lepturus, Niviventer fulvescens and Niviventer cremoriventer.Our data showed a relationship between number of individuals observed of each species with altitudinal gradients.While estimation of murid rodent population between altitudinal changes indicated there was no differences between the stations observed. An analysis was conducted to investigate any possible association between rat abundance against environment factors that could associate with altitude.The results indicated that ground covering and tree circumference, as well as interspecific competition seemed to be important factors in influencing the differences in distribution of each rat species.

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Relationship Between Altitudinal Changes and Distributi of Rats : a Preliminary Study From Gunung Botol Gunung Halimun National Park

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ADDITIONAL NEW RECORDS OF BIRDS OF GUNUNG HALIMUN NATIONAL PARK BASED ON BANDING STUDIES [Rekaman Baru Burung (Tambahan) dari Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Berdasarkan Studi Pemitaan]

The Cikaniki resort is one of the most accessible research stations located in the Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP). It is in adjacent with Citalahab village. The Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences and other institutions have conducted intensive research on the fauna diversity of GHSNP from this station. Here we formulate a checklist on fauna diversity surrounding the Cikaniki Research Station and Citalahab, GHNSP from various sources, i.e. field work, museum collections (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense), scientific publications, and technical report. The study was conducted from October 2019 until October 2020. The latest field work was conducted from 8-10 October 2019 under the framework of the Jungle Survival and Biological Collection Management 2019 program. In total, 821 fauna species were recorded in Cikaniki-Citalahab areas which comprises of 48 species of Mollusca, five species of Malacostraca, 523 species of Insects, 22 species of Actinopterygii, 63 species of Amphibia and Reptiles, 115 species of Aves and 45 species of Mammals. The diversity contributes 62.1% of the total 1,323 known fauna species in GHSNP. Five number of species were assigned as endangered and three species critical endangered by IUCN. In addition, 123 species were endemic to Java and 34 species protected by Regulation of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Republic of Indonesia Number P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018. The areas of Cikaniki and Citalahab are rich in biodiversity. Although both areas are in close intact with human activity, research and ecotourism, the need of continuously spreading awareness and enforce species and area conservation is inevitable.

https://e-journal.biologi.lipi.go.id/index.php/zoo_indonesia/article/download/4037/3278

CHECKLIST ON FAUNA DIVERSITY GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK NATIONAL PARK: Cikaniki-Citalahab

ABSTRACT Tropical Indonesia has a rich biota. The fauna of stag beetles (Lucanidae) is relatively well understood in Indonesia, with numerous endemic species, including on the island of Java. Gnaphaloryx (Lucaninae: Dorcini) is a small genus of stag beetles mainly distributed in the Oriental Region. A new lucanid species, Gnaphaloryx rectus Yamamoto sp. nov., is described from West Java, western Indonesia. This new species can be easily distinguished from the known Gnaphaloryx in the large males as it possesses symmetrical and rather linear mandibles, very weakly developed cephalic horn, weakly produced canthi, and narrower 2nd and 3rd costae on the elytra in comparison with the 1st one. We provide a checklist of all species and subspecies of the genus with their known distributions. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:738C1CA7-8D54-46C4-90D6-97087356528F http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:211DA3A1-A08C-4291-BDC7-BAB3F69034C5

A new stag beetle species of the genus Gnaphaloryx Burmeister from Java, western Indonesia (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)

Ledokombo hillocks are small hills located in Jember, East Java that have natural resources and face habitat alteration such as plantation and mining.  However, a study of the diversity of butterflies has not been carried out in this area. We analysed the diversity of butterflies using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) and Pielou evenness index (E).  We identified 514 individuals from 34 species and demonstrated a moderate diversity of butterflies (H'= 1.907) in this area. Our study results could be used for sustainable ecological management of plantations in Ledokombo Hillocks, Jember, East Java. 

Diversity of Butterflies in Ledokombo Hillocks Jember, East Java, Indonesia

Habitat manipulation by planting plants in the land or around crops is a way to increase the diversity of insects. The homogeneity of the agricultural landscapes leads to a decrease in insect biodiversity and ecosystem services. This study focuses on examining the diversity and ecological role of macro insects in chili pepper using barrier crops. We use mung beans, tomatoes, and eggplant as a barrier crops in the practice of cultivating chili pepper. The results showed that the use of barrier crops is not significant to increase the diversity of insects but the use of mung bean barrier can increase the number of species. Chili pepper land with mung bean barrier shows the abundance of predators, parasitoids, and pollinators higher than land without barrier crops. On land without barrier crops, the composition of herbivore insects tends to be lower when compared to land using barrier crops. The number of natural enemy individuals (predators and parasitoids) on land with mung bean barrier tend to be higher compared to without barrier crops. In the practice of chili pepper cultivation, it is necessary to utilize mung beans as a barrier for pest management strategy and increased production of chili pepper and also for conservation strategy of natural enemies

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Diversity and ecological role of macro insects on cultivated chili pepper using barrier crops

The existence of semi-natural habitats around agricultural land has the potential to support ecosystem services by providing resources for beneficial insects. The study aimed to analyze the abundance, diversity index, and evenness of the insects visiting cayenne flowers. This research was carried out in cayenne cultivation areas in the Banggai Regency. Sampling locations were divided into two categories: cayenne fields close to and far from forests or semi-natural habitats. Insect collection was carried out from June 2022 to August 2022, in the morning and evening, using insect nets. The results showed that 16 families and 52 cayenne flower-visiting insects were identified. Lasioglossum sp.3, Lasioglossum sp.5, Megachile sp.2, ?Parancistrocerus sp. and Rhynchium sp. have a higher abundance than the others. The highest Shannon and Wiener diversity index was found in cayenne fields in Tolisu Village (H'= 2.491), Mansahang (H'= 2.216), Salodik (H'= 2.145), and the lowest in cayenne fields in Kembang Merta Village (H'= 1.211), Dale-Dale (H'= 1.112 ), and Beringin Jaya (H'= 1.149 ). The highest evenness index (E) was found in the fields in Lembah Makmur Village (E= 0.9721) and Mansahang (E= 0.9172), and the lowest was found in cayenne fields in Petak Village (E= 0.3975) and Lenyek (E= 0.4405). The highest species richness was found in cayenne fields in Tolisu (14 species), Salodik (14 species), and Petak (12 species). Cayenne fields in the three villages are close to semi-natural habitats. Our findings show that agricultural land adjacent to semi-natural habitats has increased the species richness of cayenne flower visitor insects. Thus, semi-natural habitats are critical to sustaining insect communities in agricultural landscapes.

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Agmal Qodri

Papers

CHECKLIST ON FAUNA DIVERSITY GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK NATIONAL PARK: Cikaniki-Citalahab

A new stag beetle species of the genus Gnaphaloryx Burmeister from Java, western Indonesia (Coleoptera: Lucanidae)

Diversity of Butterflies in Ledokombo Hillocks Jember, East Java, Indonesia

Diversity and ecological role of macro insects on cultivated chili pepper using barrier crops

Diversity of insect flower visitors of cayenne pepper in agricultural landscapes, Banggai, Central Sulawesi