Author
Agustín Espinosa
Other affiliations: University of the Basque Country
Bio: Agustín Espinosa is an academic researcher from Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & Politics. The author has an hindex of 14, co-authored 78 publications receiving 2592 citations. Previous affiliations of Agustín Espinosa include University of the Basque Country.
Topics: Medicine, Politics, Psychology, Social psychology, Ideology
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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University of California, Santa Barbara1, University of Texas at Austin2, University of Wrocław3, Dresden University of Technology4, University of Tartu5, Gulu University6, Middle East University7, Stockholm University8, University of the Punjab9, University of Nigeria, Nsukka10, Istanbul University11, Franklin & Marshall College12, Norwegian University of Science and Technology13, University of Algiers14, Australian National University15, Russian Academy of Sciences16, Russian State University for the Humanities17, İzmir University of Economics18, University of Social Sciences and Humanities19, Université catholique de Louvain20, Ankara University21, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru22, Cumhuriyet University23, University of the Republic24, ISCTE – University Institute of Lisbon25, The Chinese University of Hong Kong26, National Autonomous University of Mexico27, University of Pécs28, University of Constantine the Philosopher29, University of Maribor30, University of Zagreb31, University of Malaya32, Central University of Finance and Economics33, University of Crete34, University of Primorska35, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology36, University of Amsterdam37, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart38, VU University Amsterdam39, University of Granada40, University of Delhi41, University of Havana42, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro43, University of Vienna44, Universiti Utara Malaysia45, Vilnius University46, University of British Columbia47, University of Sussex48, Romanian Academy49, Slovak Academy of Sciences50, Comenius University in Bratislava51, University of Monterrey52, SAS Institute53, DHA Suffa University54, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile55, South-West University "Neofit Rilski"56, University of São Paulo57, Kyung Hee University58, University of Ljubljana59
TL;DR: This work combines this large cross-cultural sample with agent-based models to compare eight hypothesized models of human mating markets and finds that this cross-culturally universal pattern of mate choice is most consistent with a Euclidean model of mate preference integration.
Abstract: Humans express a wide array of ideal mate preferences. Around the world, people desire romantic partners who are intelligent, healthy, kind, physically attractive, wealthy, and more. In order for these ideal preferences to guide the choice of actual romantic partners, human mating psychology must possess a means to integrate information across these many preference dimensions into summaries of the overall mate value of their potential mates. Here we explore the computational design of this mate preference integration process using a large sample of n = 14,487 people from 45 countries around the world. We combine this large cross-cultural sample with agent-based models to compare eight hypothesized models of human mating markets. Across cultures, people higher in mate value appear to experience greater power of choice on the mating market in that they set higher ideal standards, better fulfill their preferences in choice, and pair with higher mate value partners. Furthermore, we find that this cross-culturally universal pattern of mate choice is most consistent with a Euclidean model of mate preference integration.
1,827 citations
University of Sussex1, University of Toulouse2, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile3, University of Miami4, Barry University5, Northwestern University6, West University of Timișoara7, University of Buea8, Nanyang Technological University9, Makerere University10, University of Namibia11, National Research University – Higher School of Economics12, Université catholique de Louvain13, University of Iceland14, American University of Beirut15, Complutense University of Madrid16, Ateneo de Manila University17, University of Cambridge18, Chinese Academy of Sciences19, North China University of Science and Technology20, University of Gdańsk21, Hokkaido University22, Osaka University23, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru24, University of Tartu25, Istanbul Şehir University26, University of Ghana27, Yaşar University28, Bilkent University29, Thammasat University30, University of Colorado Colorado Springs31, University of Wisconsin-Madison32, University of Los Andes33, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul34, University of Malaya35, University of Agder36, Victoria University of Wellington37, Uludağ University38, Ankara University39, Sultan Qaboos University40, Addis Ababa University41, The Chinese University of Hong Kong42, Hungarian Academy of Sciences43, Federal University of Paraíba44, Federal University of Pará45, Leipzig University46, University of Jena47, University of Milan48, Hong Kong Polytechnic University49
TL;DR: A new 7-dimensional model of self-reported ways of being independent or interdependent is developed and validated across cultures and will allow future researchers to test more accurately the implications of cultural models of selfhood for psychological processes in diverse ecocultural contexts.
Abstract: Markus and Kitayama’s (1991) theory of independent and interdependent self-construals had a major influence on social, personality, and developmental psychology by highlighting the role of culture in psychological processes. However, research has relied excessively on contrasts between North American and East Asian samples, and commonly used self-report measures of independence and interdependence frequently fail to show predicted cultural differences. We revisited the conceptualization and measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals in 2 large-scale multinational surveys, using improved methods for cross-cultural research. We developed (Study 1: N = 2924 students in 16 nations) and validated across cultures (Study 2: N = 7279 adults from 55 cultural groups in 33 nations) a new 7-dimensional model of self-reported ways of being independent or interdependent. Patterns of global variation support some of Markus and Kitayama’s predictions, but a simple contrast between independence and interdependence does not adequately capture the diverse models of selfhood that prevail in different world regions. Cultural groups emphasize different ways of being both independent and interdependent, depending on individualism-collectivism, national socioeconomic development, and religious heritage. Our 7-dimensional model will allow future researchers to test more accurately the implications of cultural models of selfhood for psychological processes in diverse ecocultural contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
309 citations
University of California, Santa Barbara1, University of Texas at Austin2, University of Wrocław3, Dresden University of Technology4, Opole University5, University of Tartu6, Gulu University7, Middle East University8, Stockholm University9, University of the Punjab10, University of Nigeria, Nsukka11, Istanbul University12, Franklin & Marshall College13, Norwegian University of Science and Technology14, University of Algiers15, Australian National University16, Russian Academy of Sciences17, Russian State University for the Humanities18, İzmir University of Economics19, University of Social Sciences and Humanities20, Université catholique de Louvain21, Ankara University22, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru23, Cumhuriyet University24, University of the Republic25, ISCTE – University Institute of Lisbon26, The Chinese University of Hong Kong27, National Autonomous University of Mexico28, University of Pécs29, University of Maribor30, University of Zagreb31, University of Malaya32, Central University of Finance and Economics33, University of Crete34, University of Primorska35, University of Amsterdam36, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart37, VU University Amsterdam38, University of Granada39, University of Delhi40, University of Havana41, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro42, University of Vienna43, Universiti Utara Malaysia44, Vilnius University45, University of British Columbia46, Centre national de la recherche scientifique47, Romanian Academy48, Slovak Academy of Sciences49, Comenius University in Bratislava50, University of Monterrey51, DHA Suffa University52, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile53, South-West University "Neofit Rilski"54, University of São Paulo55, Kyung Hee University56, University of Ljubljana57
TL;DR: Using a new 45-country sample (N = 14,399), this work attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives, finding neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries.
Abstract: Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives-an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective-offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample (N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries.
129 citations
University of Sussex1, University of Michigan2, Osaka University3, Queen's University Belfast4, Makerere University5, National Research University – Higher School of Economics6, Sultan Qaboos University7, University of Buea8, University of Miami9, Addis Ababa University10, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart11, Ankara University12, West University of Timișoara13, University of Namibia14, Chinese Academy of Sciences15, Victoria University of Wellington16, Federal University of Paraíba17, Nanyang Technological University18, Østfold University College19, University of KwaZulu-Natal20, Leipzig University21, University of Jena22, American University of Beirut23, University of Tartu24, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru25, University of Malaya26, Hokkaido University27, Thammasat University28, Hungarian Academy of Sciences29, University of Gdańsk30, The Chinese University of Hong Kong31, Hong Kong Polytechnic University32, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile33, University of Iceland34, University of Colorado Colorado Springs35, Université catholique de Louvain36, Bilkent University37, Istanbul Şehir University38, Benue State University39, Ateneo de Manila University40, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul41, University of Ghana42, University of Delhi43, University of Los Andes44, Complutense University of Madrid45, American University in Cairo46
TL;DR: It is concluded that contextualism is an important part of cultural collectivism and highlights the importance of beliefs alongside values and self-representations and contributes to a wider understanding of cultural processes.
Abstract: Beliefs about personhood are understood to be a defining feature of individualism-collectivism (I-C), but they have been insufficiently explored, given the emphasis of research on values and self-construals. We propose the construct of contextualism, referring to beliefs about the importance of context in understanding people, as a facet of cultural collectivism. A brief measure was developed and refined across 19 nations (Study 1: N = 5,241), showing good psychometric properties for cross-cultural use and correlating well at the nation level with other supposed facets and indicators of I-C. In Study 2 (N = 8,652), nation-level contextualism predicted ingroup favoritism, corruption, and differential trust of ingroup and outgroup members, while controlling for other facets of I-C, across 35 nations. We conclude that contextualism is an important part of cultural collectivism. This highlights the importance of beliefs alongside values and self-representations and contributes to a wider understanding of cultural processes.
75 citations
26 Mar 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze the dinamica of intergroup relations in Peru and conclude that the institutionalization of exclusion practices is a cultural form of power perpetuation promoted by dominant groups.
Abstract: A partir de una muestra de personas de clase media de la ciudad de Lima (n = 81), se analiza la dinamica de las relaciones intergrupales en el Peru. Basandonos en los estereotipos y prejuicios hacia diversos grupos etnicos encontramos la existencia de grupos de alto y bajo estatus, cuya situacion es percibida en funcion a sus posibilidades de acceso al poder. Las implicancias de estos resultados se analizan en terminos de los procesos sociales, culturales, cognitivos y afectivos que median las relaciones intergrupales y que derivan en la manifestacion de la exclusion social. Finalmente, estos resultados nos llevan a considerar que la institucionalizacion de las practicas de exclusion surge como una manera de preservar el poder de los grupos dominantes. Palabras clave: relaciones intergrupales, cultura, identidad social, exclusion social, emociones. Stereotypes, prejudice and social exclusion in a multiethnic country: the Peruvian case Based in a sample of middle class participants from Lima city (n = 81), intergroup relations’ dynamic is analyzed. Considering the stereotypes and prejudices towards diverse ethnic groups, higher and lower status groups in the society are identified following their possibilities of power access. Results are analyzed in terms of social, cultural, cognitive and affective processes that mediate intergroup relations and result in social exclusion demonstrations. Finally, these results suggest that the institutionalization of exclusion practices is a cultural form of power perpetuation promoted by dominant groups.
52 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism are discussed. And the history of European ideas: Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 721-722.
13,842 citations
01 Jan 1982
Abstract: Introduction 1. Woman's Place in Man's Life Cycle 2. Images of Relationship 3. Concepts of Self and Morality 4. Crisis and Transition 5. Women's Rights and Women's Judgment 6. Visions of Maturity References Index of Study Participants General Index
7,539 citations
University of Düsseldorf1, University of Duisburg-Essen2, Harvard University3, University of Warsaw4, University of Melbourne5, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research6, Johns Hopkins University7, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics8, The Turing Institute9, Western General Hospital10, University of British Columbia11, BC Cancer Agency12, ETH Zurich13, Leiden University Medical Center14, Delft University of Technology15, Broad Institute16, Georgia State University17, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology18, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies19, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica20, Utrecht University21, University of Amsterdam22, Imperial College London23, Radboud University Nijmegen24, University Medical Center Groningen25, Wageningen University and Research Centre26, University of Connecticut27, University of Cambridge28, European Bioinformatics Institute29, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute30, Max Planck Society31, Saarland University32, Zuse Institute Berlin33, German Cancer Research Center34, Leiden University35, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University36, Princeton University37, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center38
TL;DR: This compendium is for established researchers, newcomers, and students alike, highlighting interesting and rewarding problems for the coming years in single-cell data science.
Abstract: The recent boom in microfluidics and combinatorial indexing strategies, combined with low sequencing costs, has empowered single-cell sequencing technology. Thousands-or even millions-of cells analyzed in a single experiment amount to a data revolution in single-cell biology and pose unique data science problems. Here, we outline eleven challenges that will be central to bringing this emerging field of single-cell data science forward. For each challenge, we highlight motivating research questions, review prior work, and formulate open problems. This compendium is for established researchers, newcomers, and students alike, highlighting interesting and rewarding problems for the coming years.
677 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the current status of knowledge on atmospheric microplastics, the methods for sample collection, analysis and detection, and the recommendations for atmospheric micro-plastic sampling and measurement are reviewed.
539 citations