Author
Akhil Chopra
Bio: Akhil Chopra is an academic researcher from Johns Hopkins University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Nivolumab & Sorafenib. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 29 publications receiving 2765 citations.
Papers
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University of Navarra1, University of Hong Kong2, Kindai University3, National Taiwan University4, Seoul National University Hospital5, Goethe University Frankfurt6, University of Michigan7, Royal Free Hospital8, Asan Medical Center9, The Chinese University of Hong Kong10, Johns Hopkins University11, Bristol-Myers Squibb12, Chartered Institute of Management Accountants13
TL;DR: Durable objective responses show the potential of nivolumab for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, and safety and tolerability for the escalation phase and objective response rate were primary endpoints.
2,908 citations
The Chinese University of Hong Kong1, National University of Singapore2, Mayo Clinic3, University of California, Davis4, Northwestern University5, Johns Hopkins University6, University of South Florida7, Washington University in St. Louis8, University of Maryland, Baltimore9, University of Southern California10, City of Hope National Medical Center11
TL;DR: Nivolumab has promising activity in NPC and the 1-year overall survival rate compares favorably with historic data in similar populations and the biomarker results were hypothesis generating and validation in larger cohorts is needed.
Abstract: PurposeThis multinational study evaluated the antitumor activity of nivolumab in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Tumor and plasma-based biomarkers were investigated in an exploratory analysis.Patients and MethodsPatients with multiply pretreated recurrent or metastatic NPC were treated with nivolumab until disease progression. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR) and secondary end points included survival and toxicity. The expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and human leukocyte antigens A and B in archived tumors and plasma clearance of Epstein-Barr virus DNA were correlated with ORR and survival.ResultsA total of 44 patients were evaluated and the overall ORR was 20.5% (complete response, n = 1; partial response, n = 8). Nine patients received nivolumab for > 12 months (20%). The 1-year overall survival rate was 59% (95% CI, 44.3% to 78.5%) and 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 19.3% (95% CI, 10.1% to 37.2%). There was no statistical correlation between ORR an...
278 citations
TL;DR: Nivolumab has a manageable AE profile and produced durable responses across all dose levels and HCC cohorts, with a favorable 6-month OS rate.
Abstract: LBA101 Background: Overexpression of PD-L1 in HCC has a poor prognosis. Safety and preliminary antitumor efficacy of nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody PD-1 inhibitor, was evaluated in a multiple ascending-dose, phase I/II study in patients (pts) with HCC. Methods: Pts with histologically confirmed advanced HCC with Child-Pugh (CP) score ≤ B7 and progressive disease (PD) on, intolerant of, or refusing sorafenib were enrolled. Dose escalation occurred in parallel cohorts based on etiology: no active hepatitis virus infection or virus-infected HCC pts. Pts received nivolumab 0.1 – 10 mg/kg intravenously for up to two years. The primary endpoint was safety. Secondary endpoints included antitumor activity using mRECIST criteria, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. Results: The study has enrolled 41 pts with a CP score of 5 (n = 35) or 6 (n = 6), ECOG score of 0 (n = 26) or 1 (n = 15), 73% with extrahepatic metastasis and/or portal vein invasion, and 77% with prior sorafenib use. Eighteen pts ...
206 citations
University of Hong Kong1, National Taiwan University2, Seoul National University3, Asan Medical Center4, Memorial Hospital of South Bend5, Yokohama City University Medical Center6, The Chinese University of Hong Kong7, Kurume University8, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine9, Taipei Veterans General Hospital10, Bristol-Myers Squibb11, Kindai University12
TL;DR: The CheckMate 040 study as mentioned in this paper evaluated the safety and efficacy of nivolumab in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who were refractory to previous sorafenib treatment or chemotherapy.
157 citations
University of Southern California1, University of Hong Kong2, Chartered Institute of Management Accountants3, University of Navarra4, Kindai University5, National Taiwan University6, Goethe University Frankfurt7, Seoul National University Hospital8, Royal Free Hospital9, Asan Medical Center10, The Chinese University of Hong Kong11, Johns Hopkins University12, Bristol-Myers Squibb13, University of Michigan14
TL;DR: Nivo is a fully human anti–PD-1 IgG4 mAb that demonstrated durable responses in patients with advanced HCC on SOC therapy and was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) as well as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for similar reasons.
Abstract: 4013Background: Many pts with advanced HCC progress on SOC therapy. Nivo is a fully human anti–PD-1 IgG4 mAb that demonstrated durable responses (20% ORR with a median DOR of 9.9 mo; 9-mo OS rate w...
79 citations
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TL;DR: The following Clinical Practice Guidelines will give up-to-date advice for the clinical management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as providing an in-depth review of all the relevant data leading to the conclusions herein.
7,851 citations
TL;DR: New-generation combinatorial therapies may overcome resistance mechanisms to immune checkpoint therapy, and evidence points to alterations that converge on the antigen presentation and interferon-γ signaling pathways.
Abstract: The release of negative regulators of immune activation (immune checkpoints) that limit antitumor responses has resulted in unprecedented rates of long-lasting tumor responses in patients with a variety of cancers. This can be achieved by antibodies blocking the cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) or the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) pathway, either alone or in combination. The main premise for inducing an immune response is the preexistence of antitumor T cells that were limited by specific immune checkpoints. Most patients who have tumor responses maintain long-lasting disease control, yet one-third of patients relapse. Mechanisms of acquired resistance are currently poorly understood, but evidence points to alterations that converge on the antigen presentation and interferon-γ signaling pathways. New-generation combinatorial therapies may overcome resistance mechanisms to immune checkpoint therapy.
3,736 citations
TL;DR: The wide range of immune-related adverse effects associated with immune checkpoint blockade can complicate this effective therapy and limit its use in patients with cancer.
Abstract: Side Effects of Immune Checkpoint Blockade The wide range of immune-related adverse effects associated with immune checkpoint blockade can complicate this effective therapy and limit its use in patients with cancer. This review surveys the adverse effects and their management.
2,658 citations
TL;DR: This paper aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, as to provide real-time information about concrete mechanical properties such as E-modulus and compressive strength.
2,416 citations
01 Jan 2011
TL;DR: The sheer volume and scope of data posed by this flood of data pose a significant challenge to the development of efficient and intuitive visualization tools able to scale to very large data sets and to flexibly integrate multiple data types, including clinical data.
Abstract: Rapid improvements in sequencing and array-based platforms are resulting in a flood of diverse genome-wide data, including data from exome and whole-genome sequencing, epigenetic surveys, expression profiling of coding and noncoding RNAs, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and copy number profiling, and functional assays. Analysis of these large, diverse data sets holds the promise of a more comprehensive understanding of the genome and its relation to human disease. Experienced and knowledgeable human review is an essential component of this process, complementing computational approaches. This calls for efficient and intuitive visualization tools able to scale to very large data sets and to flexibly integrate multiple data types, including clinical data. However, the sheer volume and scope of data pose a significant challenge to the development of such tools.
2,187 citations