Ohta-MatSubaYaShi, Y., KataKura, H., KahOnO, S. and KiKuchi, N. 2017. A taxonomic review of the phytophagous ladybird beetles of the Diekeana alternans complex (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) with descriptions of eight new species and one new subspecies. Ins. matsum. n. s. 73: 1–37, 14 figs, 1 table, 3 online supplementary figs. A group of phytophagous ladybird beetles utilizing diverse host plants in South and Southeast Asia was reviewed as the Diekeana alternans complex. Ten species (one with two subspecies) including seven new species and one new subspecies were described or redescribed under this species complex. Diekeana hopeiana (Miyatake) was synonymized with D. grayi (Mulsant). Two other species were also incorporated into this complex based on literature information. Additionally, another species closely related to this species complex was described as new to science. Species of the D. alternans complex constituted a part of the Diekeana admirabilis group and were characterized by a “blade” situated at the apical part of penis of male genitalia. Almost all the species could be identified by the species-specific conditions of male genitalia. The species that utilize cucurbitaceous plants of the tribes Benincaseae, Sicyoeae and/or Cucurbiteae were widespread in South and Southeast Asia comprising at least four allopatric species. On the other hand, the species specialized to other taxonomic groups of host plants were localized in either Sumatra or Java with a possible exception of D. glochinosa (Pang & Mao) in South China. They often sympatrically occurred with each other or with one of the cucurbitaceous plant feeders. Authors’ addresses. Ohta-Matsubayashi, Y.: Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan. Katakura, H.: The Hokkaido University Museum, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan (corresponding author: haruo_katakura@ nifty.com). Kahono, S.: Zoology Division (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense), Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia. KiKuchi, N.: Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.

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A taxonomic review of the phytophagous ladybird beetles of the Diekeana alternans complex (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) with descriptions of eight new species and one new subspecies

Papilio peranthus is endemic to Indonesia, where it occurs on several islands and island groups. This beautiful butterfly is extensively traded, thus efforts to breed this species are very desirable. Captive breeding research was conducted on P. peranthus during September 2016 to December 2018. In total, 221 individuals were available for observation. Data on the life cycle of the species, together with observations on females being approached for mating, and female oviposition after mating, are presented. The result demonstrate that P. peranthus is not monogamous. Observations on other biological aspects are also reported.

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Biological aspects of papilio peranthus (lepidoptera: papilionidae) as observed at butterfly research facility - lipi, cibinong, indonesia

The taxonomy of the subgenus Ashima of the genus Phortica is revised. A cladistic analysis of 66 morphological characters is conducted, covering 35 species (28 known and 7 new species: Phortica efragmentata sp. nov., P. andreagigoni sp. nov., P. watabei sp. nov., P. halimunensis sp. nov., P. akutsui sp. nov., P. kerinciensis sp. nov., and P. takehiroi sp. nov.) which correspond to 71.4% of 49 total spp. of Ashima. The resulting cladogram shows that the studied species are separated into several clades/subclades/cluster each highly supported with specific synapomorphies. Those clades/subclades/cluster are newly defined as the following species groups, subgroups or complex: the afoliolata, foliiseta, nigrifoliiseta and angulata species groups; the foliiseta, tanabei, nigrifoliiseta and glabra species subgroups; and the foliiseta species complex. The subgenus Ashima is peculiar in having the asymmetric male genitalia as the ground plan and showing the antisymmetry (i.e. intraspecific mirror-image variation) in some species but the directional asymmetry (i.e. side-fixed asymmetry) in others. The evolution of genital asymmetry in this subgenus is estimated by mapping the states (symmetry, directional asymmetry and antisymmetry) of bilateral structures of male genitalia on the cladogram. This ancestral state reconstruction estimates that the directional asymmetry of male genitalia has evolved at the ancestor of this subgenus and then changed to the antisymmetric state independently in two lineages, the angulata + nigrifoliiseta species groups and the foliiseta species complex. In this study, a standardized terminology recently proposed for the male terminalia of Drosophila melanogaster is extendedly adopted to describe the morphology of male terminalia in the subgenus Ashima, one group of the subfamily Steganinae.

Taxonomy and evolution of asymmetric male genitalia in the subgenus Ashima Chen (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Phortica Schiner), with descriptions of seven new species.

A study on the distribution and abundance of high mountain rat was carried out at Gunung Botol, Gunung Halimun National Park.Observation was conducted at three stations located at the mountain top, middle and foot of the mountain.The results indicated that four species of rat were recorded from Gunung Botol, namely Maxomys bartelsii,Niviventer lepturus, Niviventer fulvescens and Niviventer cremoriventer.Our data showed a relationship between number of individuals observed of each species with altitudinal gradients.While estimation of murid rodent population between altitudinal changes indicated there was no differences between the stations observed. An analysis was conducted to investigate any possible association between rat abundance against environment factors that could associate with altitude.The results indicated that ground covering and tree circumference, as well as interspecific competition seemed to be important factors in influencing the differences in distribution of each rat species.

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Relationship Between Altitudinal Changes and Distributi of Rats : a Preliminary Study From Gunung Botol Gunung Halimun National Park

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ADDITIONAL NEW RECORDS OF BIRDS OF GUNUNG HALIMUN NATIONAL PARK BASED ON BANDING STUDIES [Rekaman Baru Burung (Tambahan) dari Taman Nasional Gunung Halimun Berdasarkan Studi Pemitaan]

The Cikaniki resort is one of the most accessible research stations located in the Gunung Halimun Salak National Park (GHSNP). It is in adjacent with Citalahab village. The Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences and other institutions have conducted intensive research on the fauna diversity of GHSNP from this station. Here we formulate a checklist on fauna diversity surrounding the Cikaniki Research Station and Citalahab, GHNSP from various sources, i.e. field work, museum collections (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense), scientific publications, and technical report. The study was conducted from October 2019 until October 2020. The latest field work was conducted from 8-10 October 2019 under the framework of the Jungle Survival and Biological Collection Management 2019 program. In total, 821 fauna species were recorded in Cikaniki-Citalahab areas which comprises of 48 species of Mollusca, five species of Malacostraca, 523 species of Insects, 22 species of Actinopterygii, 63 species of Amphibia and Reptiles, 115 species of Aves and 45 species of Mammals. The diversity contributes 62.1% of the total 1,323 known fauna species in GHSNP. Five number of species were assigned as endangered and three species critical endangered by IUCN. In addition, 123 species were endemic to Java and 34 species protected by Regulation of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Republic of Indonesia Number P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018. The areas of Cikaniki and Citalahab are rich in biodiversity. Although both areas are in close intact with human activity, research and ecotourism, the need of continuously spreading awareness and enforce species and area conservation is inevitable.

https://e-journal.biologi.lipi.go.id/index.php/zoo_indonesia/article/download/4037/3278

CHECKLIST ON FAUNA DIVERSITY GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK NATIONAL PARK: Cikaniki-Citalahab

Abstract Although they are among the most abundant snakes on Earth, and are heavily exploited for their skins and meat, Asian bockadams (or “dog-faced water snakes”, Cerberus schneiderii ) have attracted relatively little study across their wide geographic range. Based on dissection of 3,382 snakes brought to processing facilities in and around the city of Cirebon in West Java, Indonesia, we document facets of the biology of these mangrove-dwelling aquatic homalopsids. Females attain larger body sizes than do males, and are heavier-bodied (due in part to greater fat reserves) but have shorter tails relative to snout-vent length. Males showed testicular enlargement late in the year (August-November) but both reproductive and non-reproductive females were found year-round. Litters were large (3 to 45 offspring), especially in larger females. The commercial harvest falls mainly on adult snakes of both sexes, with seasonal variation in sex ratios. Life-history traits such as early maturation and frequent production of large litters render this species resilient to commercial harvesting. Future research should explore reasons for strong variation among facilities in the sex ratios of snakes, potentially identifying ways to focus the harvest on the sex (males) whose numbers are less critical for population viability. 

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Sexual dimorphism and reproductive biology of the Asian bockadam snake (Cerberus schneiderii) in West Java

Since the last list of amphibians and reptiles of the Natuna Islands was published nearly 20 years ago, here we provide an updated species list of the herpetofauna of these remote Indonesian islands. We compiled and summarized data from the available literature, and from our own studies conducted in 2011, 2012, 2013, 2017, and 2019. In total, 120 species of amphibians and reptiles were recorded for the Natuna Islands, which included 28 new records and six endemics. Over the past eight years, four species new to science were described from these islands, and they are: Cnemaspis mumpuniae, Cnemaspis sundainsula, Cyrtodactylus hikidai, and Cyrtodactylus rosichonariefi.

After 16 years: an update checklist of herpetofauna on the natuna islands, indonesia

Abstract Context. Unsustainable harvesting can threaten wildlife populations and jeopardise the livelihoods of people relying on wildlife resources. Although millions of rainbow mudsnakes (Enhydris enhydris) are harvested from wetland agroecosystems in tropical Asia each year, few detailed studies have been conducted on the biology of this species. Aims. We aimed to address this knowledge gap by examining the reproductive biology and resilience to harvesting of E. enhydris, collecting from agricultural landscapes in West Java, Indonesia. Methods. We measured and examined 1731 specimens that had been collected and killed for skins and meat near the city of Cirebon in West Java. >Key results. Most snakes that we examined were adults (94% of females, 88% of males), with females outnumbering males overall (69% female). Sex ratios varied seasonally and among processing facilities. Females attained larger body sizes than males, were more heavy-bodied, and had shorter tails relative to snout–vent length. Reproductive traits varied among months, with two peaks in the incidence of gravid snakes occurring in March and September. Litter sizes averaged 11.2 (range 2–31) and increased with maternal body size. About half of the adult females were reproductive (vitellogenic or gravid) at the time of collection. This proportion increased with maternal body size, such that 60–70% of large females were reproductive at the time of collection, suggesting that some females may produce two litters per year. Conclusions. Rainbow mudsnakes remain exceptionally abundant in West Java, despite significant habitat modification and intensive harvesting. Implications. The ability of this species to exploit anthropogenic subsidies in disturbed agricultural landscapes gives it access to plentiful food, and the resultant early maturation, frequent reproduction, and high fecundity enable it to withstand high levels of commercial offtake.

Alamsyah Elang Nusa Herlambang

Papers

CHECKLIST ON FAUNA DIVERSITY GUNUNG HALIMUN SALAK NATIONAL PARK: Cikaniki-Citalahab

Sexual dimorphism and reproductive biology of the Asian bockadam snake (Cerberus schneiderii) in West Java

After 16 years: an update checklist of herpetofauna on the natuna islands, indonesia

Reproductive biology of the rainbow mudsnake (Enhydris enhydris) in West Java, Indonesia