Author
Alan J. Barry
Bio: Alan J. Barry is an academic researcher from University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. The author has contributed to research in topics: Cognition & Physical fitness. The author has an hindex of 6, co-authored 8 publications receiving 248 citations.
Papers
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74 citations
74 citations
TL;DR: It appears that acute or chronic anxiety resulting from environmental or emotional stresses may adversely affect the response to training, and the need to continue any postinfarction training program for a long period of time to achieve significant results is suggested.
Abstract: Six men who had had myocardial infarctions were trained on a stationary bicycle ergometer for periods ranging from 6 to 61 weeks. Physical work capacity was increased, and the work electrocardiogram was improved in 5 of the 6 subjects. One subject showed no improvement in work capacity, and there was no consistent trend toward an improved work electrocardiogram. The marked variations in cardiovascular response to the training program and the fact that significant improvement in some cases occurred only after 13 months suggest the need to continue any postinfarction training program for a long period of time to achieve significant results. That such results may be achieved, however, is evident from this study. It appears that acute or chronic anxiety resulting from environmental or emotional stresses may adversely affect the response to training.
41 citations
TL;DR: Five of the 5 men with initially abnormal ballistocardiograms had normal records at the end of the program, and significant increases occurred in mean I, J, GI, HI and IJ forces.
Abstract: Fifteen middle-aged men participated in a program of endurance exercise and running for six months. Changes in cardiovascular function were evaluated by using an air-supported ultralow-frequency ballistocardiograph. Significant increases occurred in mean I, J, GI, HI and IJ forces. Four of the 5 men with initially abnormal ballistocardiograms had normal records at the end of the program.
21 citations
TL;DR: The principal axes of an intercorrelation matrix (n = 37) of physique and performance data from 95 boys 7-11 years of age were located and rotated to an oblique simple structure in order to determine the nature of the factors involved in the physique of young boys and the relationships between these factors and performance as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The principal axes of an intercorrelation matrix (n = 37) of physique and performance data from 95 boys 7–11 years of age were located and rotated to an oblique simple structure in order to determine the nature of the factors involved in the physique of young boys and the relationships between these factors and performance. With the influence of body size virtually nullified by the rotation procedures, three type factors of physique were observed: one related to growth in transverse directions and adipose tissue, and two related to growth in vertical dimensions. Three factors related to motor performance were isolated: power, endurance, and dynamic shoulder strength. The morphological and performance measurements were found to be essentially unrelated.
19 citations
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TL;DR: Fitness training was found to have robust but selective benefits for cognition, with the largest fitness-induced benefits occurring for executive-control processes.
Abstract: A meta-analytic study was conducted to examine the hypothesis that aerobic fitness training enhances the cognitive vitality of healthy but sedentary older adults. Eighteen intervention studies published between 1966 and 2001 were entered into the analysis. Several theoretically and practically important results were obtained. Most important fitness training was found to have robust but selective benefits for cognition, with the largest fitness-induced benefits occurring for executive-control processes. The magnitude of fitness effects on cognition was also moderated by a number of programmatic and methodological factors, including the length of the fitness-training intervention, the type of the intervention, the duration of training sessions, and the gender of the study participants. The results are discussed in terms of recent neuroscientific and psychological data that indicate cognitive and neural plasticity is maintained throughout the life span.
3,469 citations
TL;DR: The combination of frequency, intensity, and duration of exercise is found to be the most important factor in determining the intensity and quality of exercise a person receives.
Abstract: SUMMARYACSM Position Stand on The Recommended Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness, and Flexibility in Adults. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 975-991, 1998. The combination of frequency, intensity, and duration of chr
3,095 citations
TL;DR: Heyn et al. as discussed by the authors performed a meta-analysis to determine whether physical exercises are beneficial for people with dementia and related cognitive impairments, and they found that exercise training increases fitness, physical function, cognitive function, and positive behavior in elderly persons with dementia.
1,206 citations
TL;DR: There is evidence that aerobic physical activities which improve cardiorespiratory fitness are beneficial for cognitive function in healthy older adults, with effects observed for motor function, cognitive speed, auditory and visual attention.
Abstract: Physical activity is beneficial for healthy ageing. It may also help maintain good cognitive function in older age. Aerobic activity improves cardiovascular fitness, but it is not known whether this sort of fitness is necessary for improved cognitive function. Eleven studies of aerobic physical activity programmes for healthy people over the age of 55 years have been included in this review. Eight of these 11 studies reported that aerobic exercise interventions resulted in increased fitness of the trained group and an improvement in at least one aspect of cognitive function. The largest effects were on cognitive speed, auditory and visual attention. However, the cognitive functions which improved were not the same in each study and the majority of comparisons yielded no significant results. The data are insufficient to show that the improvements in cognitive function which can be attributed to physical exercise are due to improvements in cardiovascular fitness.
1,072 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a meta-analytic review was conducted that included all relevant studies with sufficient information for the calculation of effect size, and the overall effect size was 0.25, suggesting that exercise has a small positive effect on cognition.
Abstract: Nearly 200 studies have examined the impact that either acute or long-term exercise has upon cognition. Subsets of these studies have been reviewed using the traditional narrative method, and the common conclusion has been that the results are mixed. Therefore, a more comprehensive review is needed that includes all available studies and that provides a more objective and reproducible review process. Thus, a meta-analytic review was conducted that included all relevant studies with sufficient information for the calculation of effect size (N = 134). The overall effect size was 0.25, suggesting that exercise has a small positive effect on cognition. Examination of the moderator variables indicated that characteristics related to the exercise paradigm, the participants, the cognitive tests, and the quality of the study influence effect size. However, the most important finding was that as experimental rigor decreased, effect size increased. Therefore, more studies need to be conducted that emphasize experimental rigor.
759 citations