Showing papers by "Alexander N. Glazer published in 1987"
TL;DR: The data support the idea of a "beneficial" role for bilirubin as a physiological, chain-breaking antioxidant.
Abstract: Bilirubin, the end product of heme catabolism in mammals, is generally regarded as a potentially cytotoxic, lipid-soluble waste product that needs to be excreted. However, it is here that bilirubin, at micromolar concentrations in vitro, efficiently scavenges peroxyl radicals generated chemically in either homogeneous solution or multilamellar liposomes. The antioxidant activity of bilirubin increases as the experimental concentration of oxygen is decreased from 20% (that of normal air) to 2% (physiologically relevant concentration). Furthermore, under 2% oxygen, in liposomes, bilirubin suppresses the oxidation more than alpha-tocopherol, which is regarded as the best antioxidant of lipid peroxidation. The data support the idea of a "beneficial" role for bilirubin as a physiological, chain-breaking antioxidant.
3,299 citations
TL;DR: Results show that 1 mol of Alb-BR can scavenge 2 mol of peroxyl radicals and that small amounts of plasma bilirubin are sufficient to prevent oxidation of albumin-bound fatty acids as well as of the protein itself, indicating a role for Alb- BR as a physiological antioxidant in plasma and the extravascular space.
Abstract: Bilirubin, when bound to human albumin and at concentrations present in normal human plasma, protects albumin-bound linoleic acid from peroxyl radical-induced oxidation in vitro. Initially, albumin-bound bilirubin (Alb-BR) is oxidized at the same rate as peroxyl radicals are formed and biliverdin is produced stoichiometrically as the oxidation product. On an equimolar basis, Alb-BR successfully competes with uric acid for peroxyl radicals but is less efficient in scavenging these radicals than vitamin C. These results show that 1 mol of Alb-BR can scavenge 2 mol of peroxyl radicals and that small amounts of plasma bilirubin are sufficient to prevent oxidation of albumin-bound fatty acids as well as of the protein itself. The data indicate a role for Alb-BR as a physiological antioxidant in plasma and the extravascular space.
738 citations
TL;DR: Structural assignment for the hitherto uncharacterized PXB moiety is led to, with peptide-thioether bonding possible to either ring A or D, with Amino acid sequence homologies strongly favor A-ring linkage.
Abstract: Phycoerythrocyanin carries two covalently attached phycocyanobilin (PCB) groups on the ..beta.. subunit and a phycobiliviolinoid (PXB) group on the ..cap alpha.. subunit. Three distinct bilipeptides were obtained by proteolytic digestion of this protein: Asn-Gln-Ala-Ala-Cys(PCB)-Ile-Arg, Gly-Asp-Cys(PCB)-Ser-Gln, and Cys(PXB)-Val-Arg. Correlation 500-MHz /sup 1/H NMR analyses showed that the heptapeptide and pentapeptide were attached by cysteinyl thioether linkage to the A ring of the PCB moiety. /sup 1/H NMR and mass spectrometry determinations led to structural assignment for the hitherto uncharacterized PXB moiety, with peptide-thioether bonding possible to either ring A or D. Amino acid sequence homologies strongly favor A-ring linkage.
80 citations
TL;DR: Comparative data support the conclusion that the invariant beta-84 PCB serves as the terminal energy acceptor in phycocyanins.
57 citations
TL;DR: The latter data indicate that the gamma-N-methylasparagine residue is dispensable in some circumstances, and was also absent from several other proteins including bovine histones, porcine myelin basic peptide, and the Salmonella typhimurium aspartate chemoreceptor, all known to undergo post-translational methylations.
56 citations
TL;DR: The results show thatXL-AP is superior to AP for use in conjugates that absorb and emit in the red region of the spectrum and the high stability of XL-AP at elevated temperatures at high phosphate concentrations suggests that this derivative may be useful in conjunction with nucleic acid probes.
Abstract: Data on the wavelength and temperature dependence of both time-resolved and steady state fluorescence emission are presented for allophycocyanin (AP) and for a crosslinked allophycocyanin trimer (XL-AP) (Ong LJ and Glazer AN: Physiol Veg 23:777-787, 1985). AP dissociates at high dilution and is not stable above 40 degrees C even at moderate protein concentration. In contrast, XL-AP does not dissociate even at very low protein concentrations and is completely stable up to 60 degrees C in the presence of 0.75 M NaK-phosphate, pH 7.0. The results show that XL-AP is superior to AP for use in conjugates that absorb and emit in the red region of the spectrum. The high stability of XL-AP at elevated temperatures at high phosphate concentrations suggests that this derivative may be useful in conjunction with nucleic acid probes.
47 citations
TL;DR: The primary structure of α‐allophycocyanin B (αAPB) of Synechococcus 6301 was elucidated and sequence comparisons suggest that tryptophan residues at positions 60 and 90 in αAPB might contribute to the red‐shifted absorption and fluorescence emission maxima of α APB relative to those of αAP.
25 citations
TL;DR: The authors showed that the heptapeptides and pentapeptide were attached by cysteinyl thioether linkage to the A ring of the PCB moiety, with peptide-thioether bonding possible to either ring A or D. Amino acid sequence homologies strongly favor A-ring linkage.
Abstract: Phycoerythrocyanin carries two covalently attached phycocyanobilin (PCB) groups on the ..beta.. subunit and a phycobiliviolinoid (PXB) group on the ..cap alpha.. subunit. Three distinct bilipeptides were obtained by proteolytic digestion of this protein: Asn-Gln-Ala-Ala-Cys(PCB)-Ile-Arg, Gly-Asp-Cys(PCB)-Ser-Gln, and Cys(PXB)-Val-Arg. Correlation 500-MHz /sup 1/H NMR analyses showed that the heptapeptide and pentapeptide were attached by cysteinyl thioether linkage to the A ring of the PCB moiety. /sup 1/H NMR and mass spectrometry determinations led to structural assignment for the hitherto uncharacterized PXB moiety, with peptide-thioether bonding possible to either ring A or D. Amino acid sequence homologies strongly favor A-ring linkage.
1 citations