Alfredas Laurinavičius

Bio: Alfredas Laurinavičius is an academic researcher from Vilnius University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Psychopathy & Comparative research. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 6 publications receiving 30 citations.

The Triarchic Psychopathy Measure: An examination in a Lithuanian inmate sample.

Abstract: The goal of the current investigation was to evaluate the Lithuanian translation of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM; Patrick, 2010) as well as more broadly extend the construct validity of this psychopathy measurement model to forensic and correctional criteria. Two samples derived from male Lithuanian correctional facilities were merged for this study. The TriPM Meanness and Disinhibition scales evinced acceptable internal reliability coefficients, whereas that for the TriPM Boldness scale was in the questionable range. All three TriPM scales were generally associated with external criteria reflecting psychopathy, aggression, and transdiagnostic clinical and personality constructs in ways consistent with the extant literature, though TriPM Boldness evinced surprisingly small negative correlations with measures of negative emotionality and fear. Furthermore, TriPM Disinhibition was associated with the largest correlations with two risk assessment measures. Implications of these findings in the context of the broader literature are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record

Utility of the MMPI-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) in a sample of Lithuanian male offenders.

Abstract: The aim of the current study was to examine the construct validity of the Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory [MMPI]-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008/2011) in a correctional setting. More specifically, we examined the associations between MMPI-2-RF scales with external variables relevant for sentence planning as well as the relationship with risk of reconviction assessed with the Offender Assessment System (OASys; Home Office, 2002). A random sample of 228 male offenders from Lithuanian custodial institutions was selected for the study. The results revealed that MMPI-2-RF scale scores differentiated offender groups classified on the basis of external variables, such as history of suicide attempts, violent offending, use of drugs, violence under the influence of alcohol, and early criminal onset, in a manner consistent with conceptual expectations. Moreover, Behavior/Externalizing Dysfunction (BXD), Antisocial Behavior (RC4), Juvenile Conduct Problems (JCP), Substance Abuse (SUB), and Disconstraint-Revised (DISC-r) scale scores evinced correlations with OASys scores that were moderate in magnitude. Results from regression analyses showed that MMPI-2-RF scale scores accounted for approximately 21% of variance of OASys risk of reconviction scores. Overall, the findings provide support for the utility of the MMPI-2-RF in Lithuanian correctional institutions. (PsycINFO Database Record

Using vignette methodology to research the process of breach comparatively

Abstract: Comparative research related to any aspect of the process of breach in either the pretrial, sentencing or release phases is relatively rare. Comparative studies of decision making in the specific context of breach process are particularly lacking. One reason for the dearth of research in this area is the many challenges presented by comparative research across different jurisdictions. This article focuses on the development of a vignette methodology to explore the decision-making aspect of the breach process from a comparative perspective across a number of different European jurisdictions. The vignettes are designed to explore the decision-making aspects of two different types of breach process – the process of breach that follows on from a breach of conditions of early release from prison and the process that follows a breach of conditions attached to the completion of an unpaid work order. The article begins by contextualizing the research in debates about the relationship between compliance, legitimacy and Rising prison populations. It critically examines the nature of vignette methodology and then discusses the specific challenges of using vignettes in comparative research as well as the development, piloting and evaluation of the decision-making vignettes in focus. We conclude by discussing some of the challenges we faced and particularly our challenge in terms of the development of the methodology – enhancing the comparability of the findings. (Less)

Examination of triarchic psychopathy measure in a sample of Lithuanian juvenile offenders.

Abstract: The current study aimed to evaluate the convergent and predictive validity of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM; Patrick, 2010) in a sample of 159 Lithuanian juvenile offenders, who were sentenced to probation, from most probation departments across Lithuania. TriPM scale scores were evaluated against various self-report questionnaires, measuring history of delinquent behavior, procriminal attitudes, and the ability to manage stressors. Such scores were also validated against adverse outcomes, including risk evaluation through structured professional judgment risk assessment. In terms of predictive validity, TriPM scores predicted outcomes related to juvenile offenders' misconduct after a 3-month follow-up period. The TriPM scale scores were associated with concurrent measures in an expected direction, with the effect sizes ranging from small to large. The area-under-the-curve results for several forms of misconduct in a 3-month follow-up period confirmed predictive validity of the TriPM scales. These findings are discussed in the context of forensic and correctional implications for TriPM research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Further Validation of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality-Self-Report (CAPP-SR) in Lithuanian Offender and Nonoffender Samples:

Abstract: The Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP) is an emerging integrative model that makes use of 33 symptoms to characterize psychopathic personality disorder, but operationalizations of this model have not endured extensive validation to date. The current study sought to validate the recently published CAPP-Self-Report (CAPP-SR). Participants derived from two Lithuanian offender (n = 231) and nonoffender (n = 312) samples. They were administered the CAPP-SR, Triarchic Psychopathy Measure, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and a subsample of offenders also had Offender Assessment System risk assessment scores available. The results showed that CAPP-SR total, domain, and symptom scores were associated with TriPM and Aggression Questionnaire scores in a manner consistent with conceptual expectations. CAPP-SR symptoms specifically reflective of aggression, anger, and antagonism were most strongly associated with Offender Assessment System risk scores. The findings provide support for construct validity of CAPP-SR scores as well as have implications for the CAPP model more broadly, which are discussed.

Psychopathy and Aggression: The Role of Emotion Dysregulation.

Abstract: The importance of psychopathy in the forensic and criminal justice domains is largely due to its robust associations with aggression and violent behavior. Hence, investigators have increasingly been interested in elucidating potential mechanisms linking psychopathy and aggression. Recent research highlighted previously overlooked associations between psychopathy and difficulties in emotion regulation, the process responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and managing one's emotional experience, as well as for guiding behavior under intense emotional arousal. Yet, it remains unclear whether emotion dysregulation may be helpful to explain well-documented associations between psychopathy and aggression. The present study examined whether emotion dysregulation mediated associations (i.e., explained a significant portion of the shared variance) between psychopathy and aggression across community (N = 521) and offender (N = 268) samples. Participants completed self-report measures of psychopathy, emotion dysregulation, trait aggressiveness (i.e., anger, hostility, physical and verbal aggression), as well as reactive and proactive aggression. Across both samples, psychopathy had significant indirect effect on all indices of aggression through emotion dysregulation, with the exception of verbal aggression. These findings support the relevance of emotion regulation for the construct of psychopathy and its maladaptive correlates and highlight the potential relevance of focusing on emotion regulation as a possible target for interventions aimed at reducing aggression among individuals with psychopathic traits.

Police perceptions of prejudice: how police awareness training influences the capacity of police to assess prejudiced motivated crime

Abstract: Prejudice motivated crime (PMC) is defined as crimes motivated by bias, prejudice or hatred towards members of particular groups, communities and individuals. To understand how police awareness training facilitates or constrains the capacity of police officers to appropriately classify and respond to PMC, data were collected from a population of Police Recruits (PRs) and Protective Service Officers (PSOs) (N = 1609) to ascertain their perceptions of PMC pre- and post-PMC awareness training. These were used in a logistic regression model to identify factors explaining whether PRs and PSOs would identify a vignette/scenario as a PMC. We found PRs and PSOs were more likely to correctly identify a PMC scenario than a control scenario, but only 61% as likely to identify an incident as PMC post-PMC awareness training after accounting for other variables. We argue that awareness training programmes need to be more aligned to the specific needs of policing in diverse societies.

How do probation officers apply attachment theory in their practice? : a qualitative study of probation supervision

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The Triarchic Psychopathy Measure: An examination in a Lithuanian inmate sample.

Abstract: The goal of the current investigation was to evaluate the Lithuanian translation of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM; Patrick, 2010) as well as more broadly extend the construct validity of this psychopathy measurement model to forensic and correctional criteria. Two samples derived from male Lithuanian correctional facilities were merged for this study. The TriPM Meanness and Disinhibition scales evinced acceptable internal reliability coefficients, whereas that for the TriPM Boldness scale was in the questionable range. All three TriPM scales were generally associated with external criteria reflecting psychopathy, aggression, and transdiagnostic clinical and personality constructs in ways consistent with the extant literature, though TriPM Boldness evinced surprisingly small negative correlations with measures of negative emotionality and fear. Furthermore, TriPM Disinhibition was associated with the largest correlations with two risk assessment measures. Implications of these findings in the context of the broader literature are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record