Assessment of genotoxic and mutagenic effects of chlorpyrifos in freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) using micronucleus assay and alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis.

Altered hematological and immunological parameters in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) following short term exposure to sublethal concentration of glyphosate.

Although the use of pesticides is as old as agriculture, the advent of synthetic pesticides in the 1940s was one of the most important achievements that spawned the “Green Revolution” (Tilman 1998). Synthetic pesticides, along with the introduction of chemical fertilizers, enabled dramatic increases in agricultural productivity and quality without the need to increase farmland and labor (Seiber and Ragsdale 1999; Cooper and Dobson 2007). Pesticide use reduces the impact of pests on agricultural productivity by about half (Oerke and Dehne 2004; Oerke 2006), and many argue that reduction or cessation of pesticide use would lead to significant crop loss, increased food prices, and lack of food for the world’s growing human population (Fernandez-Cornejo et al. 1998; Ragsdale 1999; Oerke and Dehne 2004; Cooper and Dobson 2007). Moreover, the use of pesticides alleviates food shortages in developing countries, allowing them to grow crops multiple times a year and export produce to developed nations (Ecobichon 2000, 2001; Oerke and Dehne 2004).

Adsorption and Desorption of Chlorpyrifos to Soils and Sediments

Validation of method for determination of different classes of pesticides in aqueous samples by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometric detection

Neonicotinoid insecticides in surface water from the central Yangtze River, China.

In this work the exposure of wells and surface water to pesticides, commonly used for tobacco cropping, was assessed. Water consumption wells and surface water flows were sampled at different times. After a preconcentration step with solid phase extraction (SPE), the selected pesticides were determined by gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) or high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). No pesticides were detected in the well water samples and surface water flow in the winter season. However, in the spring and summer higher concentrations of chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid were found in the water source samples. Atrazine, simazine and clomazone were also found. The occurrence of pesticides in collected water samples was related with the application to tobacco.

/pdf/investigation-of-the-occurrence-of-pesticide-residues-in-obd8m0dqj7.pdf

Investigation of the occurrence of pesticide residues in rural wells and surface water following application to tobacco

KBrO3 is registered by the FAO/OMS as a genotoxic and carcinogenic compound. In spite of this, KBrO3 is still employed by Brazilian bakeries. Nowadays ion exchange chromatography (IEC) is the most rapid and trustful method for BrO3- analysis. When at high concentrations, chloride ions can interfere in the BrO3- analysis, if the detection is performed by electrical conductivity. On the other hand, spectrophotometric detection, presented here is based on the absorption of BrO3- in the ultraviolet region (210 - 230 nm) where the absortion of chloride ions is very low, thus making possible the qualitative and quantitative analysis of BrO3- in flour improver samples.

/pdf/determinacao-de-bromato-em-melhoradores-de-farinha-por-go42v53d41.pdf

Aline Machado Maroneze

Papers

Investigation of the occurrence of pesticide residues in rural wells and surface water following application to tobacco

Determinação de bromato em melhoradores de farinha por cromatografia de troca iônica com detecção espectrofotométrica