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Aline Thaís Bruni

Bio: Aline Thaís Bruni is an academic researcher from Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto. The author has contributed to research in topics: Humanities & Philosophy. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 32 publications receiving 274 citations. Previous affiliations of Aline Thaís Bruni include Sao Paulo State University & State University of Campinas.

Papers
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TL;DR: A revisão bibliográfica focada aplicada à literatura in língua portuguesa for levantar informações and avaliar as características da Lei for certificar a materialidade dos crimes previstos.
Abstract: Para aplicar corretamente a Lei de Drogas, é necessário obedecer aos requisitos científicos dos testes envolvidos para identificar as substâncias ilícitas. No entanto, a Lei 11.343/2006, também conhecida como Lei de Drogas, não apresenta requisitos precisos para os exames técnico-científicos. A identificação correta é essencial para a aplicação da lei. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as fragilidades das exigências da Lei quanto aos seus aspectos científicos. Realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica focada aplicada à literatura em língua portuguesa para levantar informações e avaliar as características da Lei para certificar a materialidade dos crimes previstos. Também investigamos as referências da literatura estrangeira com termos relacionados em inglês. Nesse caso, a ideia era entender o problema nacional do ponto de vista internacional. O estudo utilizou palavras-chave essenciais para a compreensão do tema nas bases bibliográficas. Como resultado, foi feita uma comparação dos artigos disponíveis. Os resultados expuseram a carência de informações sobre a discussão científica pertinente à Lei de Drogas em nível nacional. Uma avaliação de como evoluiu a lei sobre a questão das drogas ajudou a compreender as principais características da lei atual. A avaliação do entendimento jurisprudencial dos requisitos científicos reforça que a falta de informação e conhecimento sobre o assunto pode causar problemas para a correta aplicação da Lei. Não existem critérios científicos confiáveis para atestar a natureza da substância. A quantidade de droga apreendida é interpretada de forma diferente pelos profissionais da justiça. A consolidação desses problemas pode ter consequências para o encarceramento em massa.
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a ciência forense auxilia a compreensão da dinâmica fática a partir do emprego de métodos, that possibilitam uma maior controlabilidade à produção da prova, buscando reduzir o subjetivismo inerente a outros meios de prova.
Abstract: A ciência forense auxilia a compreensão da dinâmica fática a partir do emprego de métodos, que possibilitam uma maior controlabilidade à produção da prova, buscando reduzir o subjetivismo inerente a outros meios de prova. Neste cenário, o que se busca responder é: como a compreensão e a mitigação dos erros forenses pode auxiliar na garantia dos direitos ao contraditório, à ampla defesa e à prova lícita? Como hipótese de trabalho tem-se que o conhecimento sobre os erros forenses é indispensável para a produção de uma prova pericial de maior qualidade, que leve ao julgador um conhecimento especializado de maior confiança, resultando em uma valoração probatória mais coerente e direcionada aos fatos, buscando reduzir o arbítrio e os erros judiciais. Para isso, utilizou-se o método hipotético-dedutivo, com o emprego da técnica de revisão bibliográfica e consulta à jurisprudência. Foi possível demonstrar, ao final, que a comunidade científica deve refletir, discutir e prezar por mais rigor na ciência forense, priorizando uma comunicação clara dos resultados, de modo a integrar ciência, justiça e sociedade de maneira harmônica.
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Palavras-chave et al. as discussed by the authors used statistical tools to evaluate forensic reports on illegal substances and evaluated the characteristics of the analysis and addressed the methodology employed by the experts.
Abstract: ResumoEste estudo utilizou ferramentas estatisticas para avaliar laudos forenses sobre substâncias ilegais. Avaliamos variaveis quanto as caracteristicas da analise e abordamos a metodologia empregada pelos peritos. Perguntas baseadas no que e necessario para esclarecer a lei foram formuladas. Analisamos 1008 documentos oficiais de diferentes jurisdicoes, divididos em 504 conjuntos compostos por um laudo preliminar e um laudo definitivo para cada caso. Os laudos foram examinados por uma equacao empirica formulada para fornecer um parâmetro denominado “Report Relevance” (Relevância do Laudo), que teve por finalidade classificar cada documento de acordo com uma pontuacao relacionada a quantidade de informacao contida. A validacao do metodo foi realizada por analise multivariada de dados: Analise de Componentes Principais (Principal Component Analysis, PCA), Analise de Agrupamentos Hierarquicos (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, HCA), Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) e Minimos Quadrados Parciais (Partial Least Squares, PLS). A analise quantitativa mostrou que os documentos foram bem produzidos, com boa qualidade, uma vez que a Relevância do Laudo apresentou valores em torno de 0,74 ± 0,08 para aqueles provenientes da Policia Estadual. Em comparacao, os documentos provenientes da Policia Federal obtiveram valores em torno de 0,87 ± 0,05. Fatores que podem explicar essas diferencas e as melhores pontuacoes para os laudos federais incluem maior investimento em tecnologia e treinamento de pessoal, e menor demanda de mao-de-obra e rotina. Para ambas as forcas policiais, alguns aspectos poderiam ser melhorados, como imagens das evidencias coletadas ou procedimentos analiticos laboratoriais. Finalmente, a metodologia neste estudo pode ser adaptada para ser usada em outros tipos de investigacao forense.Palavras-chave: Substâncias Ilicitas, Procedimentos Periciais, Analise MultivariadaAbstractThis study used statistical tools to evaluate forensic reports on illegal substances. We evaluated variables regarding the characteristics of the analysis and we addressed the methodology employed by the experts. Questions based on what is required to clarify the law were formulated. We have parsed 1008 official documents from different jurisdictions, divided into 504 sets comprised of a preliminary and a final report for each case. The reports were examined by an empirical equation formulated to provide a parameter called “Report Relevance”, which intended to classify each report according to a score related to the amount of information it contained. The validation of the method was performed by multivariate data analysis: Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) and Partial Least Squares (PLS). Quantitative analysis showed that the expert documents were well produced, with good quality, since the Report Relevance showed values around 0.74 ± 0.08 for the reports from the State Police. By comparison, reports from the Federal Police obtained scores around 0.87 ± 0.05. Factors that might explain these differences and the better scores for the Federal reports include increased investment in technology and training of staff, and a lower labor demand and routine. For both police forces, some aspects could be improved, such as images of the collected evidence or laboratory analytical procedures. Finally, the methodology in this study can be adapted to be used in other kinds of forensic investigation.Keywords: Illegal Substances, Expertise Procedures, Multivariate Analysis.
Posted ContentDOI
14 May 2023
TL;DR: In this paper , a taxonomia proposta of 36 podcasts conforme a taxonomy of the COVID-19 taxonomy is presented, of which 19 compuseram a amostra final, i.e., a set of conteúdos abrangiam diversos níveis de ensino.
Abstract: Neste trabalho, objetivou-se identificar podcasts aplicados à educação ou que pudessem ser utilizados com esta finalidade, que tivessem a pandemia da COVID-19 como temática central ou que englobassem o assunto em seus conteúdos, com vistas a sugerir o uso desta ferramenta como metodologia complementar no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Foram identificados e avaliados 36 podcasts conforme a taxonomia proposta. Destes, 19 compuseram a amostra final. Observou-se que os conteúdos abrangiam diversos níveis de ensino, o que demonstra potencial aplicação frente aos novos desafios educacionais. Não obstante, os podcasts atravessam diferentes áreas do conhecimento permitindo uma interdisciplinaridade mais efetiva. Entende-se assim que os podcasts podem ser utilizados em diferentes momentos e com diferentes metodologias de ensino. Além disso, a ferramenta possibilita a inclusão de diferentes peculiaridades no processo de ensino-aprendizagem e torna o processo pedagógico plural.

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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors use the energy landscape approach to understand the structure of protein foldings and the mechanism of protein folding, and the success of energy landscape ideas in protein structure prediction.
Abstract: The understanding, and even the description of protein folding is impeded by the complexity of the process. Much of this complexity can be described and understood by taking a statistical approach to the energetics of protein conformation, that is, to the energy landscape. The statistical energy landscape approach explains when and why unique behaviors, such as specific folding pathways, occur in some proteins and more generally explains the distinction between folding processes common to all sequences and those peculiar to individual sequences. This approach also gives new, quantitative insights into the interpretation of experiments and simulations of protein folding thermodynamics and kinetics. Specifically, the picture provides simple explanations for folding as a two-state first-order phase transition, for the origin of metastable collapsed unfolded states and for the curved Arrhenius plots observed in both laboratory experiments and discrete lattice simulations. The relation of these quantitative ideas to folding pathways, to uni-exponential {\em vs.} multi-exponential behavior in protein folding experiments and to the effect of mutations on folding is also discussed. The success of energy landscape ideas in protein structure prediction is also described. The use of the energy landscape approach for analyzing data is illustrated with a quantitative analysis of some recent simulations, and a qualitative analysis of experiments on the folding of three proteins. The work unifies several previously proposed ideas concerning the mechanism protein folding and delimits the regions of validity of these ideas under different thermodynamic conditions.

206 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effect of silibinin on the memory impairment and accumulation of oxidative stress induced by Aβ25–35 in mice is examined.
Abstract: Background and purpose: Accumulated evidence suggests that oxidative stress is involved in amyloid β (Aβ)-induced cognitive dysfunction. Silibinin (silybin), a flavonoid derived from the herb milk thistle (Silybum marianum), has been shown to have antioxidative properties; however, it remains unclear whether silibinin improves Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. In the present study, we examined the effect of silibinin on the memory impairment and accumulation of oxidative stress induced by Aβ25–35 in mice.

170 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A critical point of view on the main MLT shows their potential ability as a valuable tool in drug design and shows that MLT have significant advantages.
Abstract: The interest in the application of machine learning techniques (MLT) as drug design tools is growing in the last decades. The reason for this is related to the fact that the drug design is very complex and requires the use of hybrid techniques. A brief review of some MLT such as self-organizing maps, multilayer perceptron, bayesian neural networks, counter-propagation neural network and support vector machines is described in this paper. A comparison between the performance of the described methods and some classical statistical methods (such as partial least squares and multiple linear regression) shows that MLT have significant advantages. Nowadays, the number of studies in medicinal chemistry that employ these techniques has considerably increased, in particular the use of support vector machines. The state of the art and the future trends of MLT applications encompass the use of these techniques to construct more reliable QSAR models. The models obtained from MLT can be used in virtual screening studies as well as filters to develop/discovery new chemicals. An important challenge in the drug design field is the prediction of pharmacokinetic and toxicity properties, which can avoid failures in the clinical phases. Therefore, this review provides a critical point of view on the main MLT and shows their potential ability as a valuable tool in drug design.

138 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: UAMAS is the best configuration for methane production from POME during anaerobic treatment, and could contribute to energy sources of oil palm producing nations, while preventing the attendant environmental impacts associated with its disposal.
Abstract: Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is generated from the sterilization, condensation and hydrocycloning of palm oil in mills. If the effluent is discharged into the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem without treatment, it could lead to high biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and acidic pH of the receiving waters. Biogas consisting mostly of methane, carbon dioxide, and to a lesser hydrogen has been produced through anaerobic treatment of this toxic effluent. The process of biogas production involves microbial synthesis involving hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. Biogas is formed during anaerobic degradation of POME by indigenous microbial communities. This review updates the current state of art of biogas production through anaerobic digestion of POME using different configurations of reactors such as fluidized bed reactor, anaerobic filtration, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor, anaerobic contact digestion, up-flow anaerobic sludge fixed-film (UASFF) reactor, modified anaerobic baffled bioreactor (MABB), anaerobic baffled bioreactor (ABR), continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor, Ultrasonicated membrane anaerobic system (UMAS), Ultrasonic-assisted Membrane Anaerobic System (UAMAS), membrane anaerobic system (MAS)and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASBR). The factors that influences biogas yield during treatment include pH, temperature (environmental factors), organic loading rate (OLR), hydraulic retention time (HRT), mixing rate, pressure, equilibrium, nutrient and microbial activities (Internal factors). Based on this study, UAMAS is the best configuration for methane production from POME during anaerobic treatment. Biogas from POME could contribute to energy sources of oil palm producing nations, while preventing the attendant environmental impacts associated with its disposal.

136 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recent developments in zebrafish genetics and small molecule screening are summarized, which markedly enhance the disease modelling and the discovery of novel drug targets.
Abstract: Despite the high prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders, their aetiology and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is increasingly utilized as a powerful animal model in neuropharmacology research and in vivo drug screening. Collectively, this makes zebrafish a useful tool for drug discovery and the identification of disordered molecular pathways. Here, we discuss zebrafish models of selected human neuropsychiatric disorders and drug-induced phenotypes. As well as covering a broad range of brain disorders (from anxiety and psychoses to neurodegeneration), we also summarize recent developments in zebrafish genetics and small molecule screening, which markedly enhance the disease modelling and the discovery of novel drug targets.

123 citations