THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/13291952/FTA_overview.pdf

Fault tree analysis

Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity, and we, as machine learning experts, may wonder how we can help. Here we describe how machine learning can be a powerful tool in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and helping society adapt to a changing climate. From smart grids to disaster management, we identify high impact problems where existing gaps can be filled by machine learning, in collaboration with other fields. Our recommendations encompass exciting research questions as well as promising business opportunities. We call on the machine learning community to join the global effort against climate change.

Tackling Climate Change with Machine Learning

Fault tree analysis (FTA) is a very prominent method to analyze the risks related to safety and economically critical assets, like power plants, airplanes, data centers and web shops. FTA methods comprise of a wide variety of modelling and analysis techniques, supported by a wide range of software tools. This paper surveys over 150 papers on fault tree analysis, providing an in-depth overview of the state-of-the-art in FTA. Concretely, we review standard fault trees, as well as extensions such as dynamic FT, repairable FT, and extended FT. For these models, we review both qualitative analysis methods, like cut sets and common cause failures, and quantitative techniques, including a wide variety of stochastic methods to compute failure probabilities. Numerous examples illustrate the various approaches, and tables present a quick overview of results.

Fault Tree Analysis : A survey of the state-of-the-art in modeling, analysis and tools

I provide an overview of the Fault Tree Analysis method.I review different extensions of fault trees.A number of model-based dependability analysis approaches are reviewed.I outline the future outlook for model-based dependability analysis. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a well-established and well-understood technique, widely used for dependability evaluation of a wide range of systems. Although many extensions of fault trees have been proposed, they suffer from a variety of shortcomings. In particular, even where software tool support exists, these analyses require a lot of manual effort. Over the past two decades, research has focused on simplifying dependability analysis by looking at how we can synthesise dependability information from system models automatically. This has led to the field of model-based dependability analysis (MBDA). Different tools and techniques have been developed as part of MBDA to automate the generation of dependability analysis artefacts such as fault trees. Firstly, this paper reviews the standard fault tree with its limitations. Secondly, different extensions of standard fault trees are reviewed. Thirdly, this paper reviews a number of prominent MBDA techniques where fault trees are used as a means for system dependability analysis and provides an insight into their working mechanism, applicability, strengths and challenges. Finally, the future outlook for MBDA is outlined, which includes the prospect of developing expert and intelligent systems for dependability analysis of complex open systems under the conditions of uncertainty.

https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/preview/582881/2018-02-04%2015186%20Kabir.pdf

An overview of fault tree analysis and its application in model based dependability analysis

Increased demand for railway transportation is creating a need for higher train speeds and axle loads. These, in turn,increase the likelihood of track degradation and failures. Modelling the degrad ...

Track geometry degradation and maintenance modelling: A review:

Fault tree analysis (FTA) is a widely used method for analyzing a system’s failure logic and calculating overall reliability. However, application of conventional FTA has some shortcomings, e.g. in handling the uncertainties, allowing the use of linguistic variables, and integrating human error in failure logic model. Hence, Fuzzy set theory has been proposed to overcome the limitation of conventional FTA. Fuzzy logic provides a framework whereby basic notions such as similarity, uncertainty and preference can be modeled effectively. The aim of this paper is to present a review of the concept of fuzzy theory with fault tree analysis and their applications since 1981, to reflect the current status of Fuzzy fault tree analysis (FFTA) methodologies, their strengths, weaknesses, and their applications. This paper explains the fundamentals of fuzzy theory and describes application of fuzzy importance for using FFTA. The concept of the failure possibility and uncertainty analysis by using FFTA is discussed, and concludes with discussion on the application of FFTA in different fields. The review reveals the effectiveness of the FFTA in comparison with conventional FTA, when there is inadequate amount of accurate reliability oriented information.

Fuzzy fault tree analysis: a review of concept and application

This paper, proposes the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methodology for selection of a maintenance strategy to assure the consistency and effectiveness of maintenance decisions. The methodology is based on an AHP-enhanced TOPSIS, VIKOR and benefit-cost ratio, in which the importance of the effectiveness appraisal criteria of a maintenance strategy is determined by the use of AHP. Furthermore, in the proposed methodology the different maintenance policies are ranked using the benefit-cost ratio, TOPSIS and VIKOR. The method provides a basis for consideration of different priority factors governing decisions, which may include the rate of return, total profit, or lowest investment. When the preference is the rate of return, the benefit-cost ratio is used, and for the total profit TOPSIS is applied. In cases where the decision maker has specific preferences, such as the lowest investment, VIKOR is adopted. The proposed method has been tested through a case study within the aviation context for an aircraft system. It has been found that using the methodology presented in the paper, the relative advantage and disadvantage of each maintenance strategy can be identified in consideration of different aspects, which contributes to the consistent and rationalized justification of the maintenance task selection. The study shows that application of the combined AHP, TOPSIS, and VIKOR methodologies is an applicable and effective way to implement a rigorous approach for identifying the most effective maintenance alternative.

Selection of maintenance strategy for aircraft systems using multi-criteria decision making methodologies

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present issues and challenges of scheduled maintenance task development within the maintenance review board (MRB) process, and to find potential areas of improvement in the application of the MSG‐3 methodology for aircraft systems.Design/methodology/approach – The issues and challenges as well as potential areas of improvement have been identified through a constructive review that consists of two parts. The first part is a benchmarking between the Maintenance Steering Group (MSG‐3) methodology and other established and documented versions of reliability‐centred maintenance (RCM). This benchmarking focuses on the MSG‐3 methodology and compares it with some RCM standards to identify differences and thereby find ways to facilitate the application of MSG‐3. The second part includes a discussion about methodologies and tools that can support different steps of the MSG‐3 methodology within the framework of the MRB process.Findings – The MSG‐3 methodology is closely rel...

On aircraft scheduled maintenance program development

https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:363564/UQ363564_OA.pdf

Alireza Ahmadi

Papers

Track geometry degradation and maintenance modelling: A review:

Fuzzy fault tree analysis: a review of concept and application

Selection of maintenance strategy for aircraft systems using multi-criteria decision making methodologies

On aircraft scheduled maintenance program development

Data management in maintenance outsourcing