scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Author

Allen J. Bard

Other affiliations: New Mexico State University, KAIST, University of Texas System  ...read more
Bio: Allen J. Bard is an academic researcher from University of Texas at Austin. The author has contributed to research in topics: Scanning electrochemical microscopy & Cyclic voltammetry. The author has an hindex of 136, co-authored 950 publications receiving 95824 citations. Previous affiliations of Allen J. Bard include New Mexico State University & KAIST.


Papers
More filters
Book
01 Jan 1980
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a comprehensive overview of electrode processes and their application in the field of chemical simulation, including potential sweep and potential sweep methods, coupled homogeneous chemical reactions, double-layer structure and adsorption.
Abstract: Major Symbols. Standard Abbreviations. Introduction and Overview of Electrode Processes. Potentials and Thermodynamics of Cells. Kinetics of Electrode Reactions. Mass Transfer by Migration and Diffusion. Basic Potential Step Methods. Potential Sweep Methods. Polarography and Pulse Voltammetry. Controlled--Current Techniques. Method Involving Forced Convention--Hydrodynamic Methods. Techniques Based on Concepts of Impedance. Bulk Electrolysis Methods. Electrode Reactions with Coupled Homogeneous Chemical Reactions. Double--Layer Structure and Adsorption. Electroactive Layers and Modified Electrodes. Electrochemical Instrumentation. Scanning Probe Techniques. Spectroelectrochemistry and Other Coupled Characterization Methods. Photoelectrochemistry and Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence. Appendix A: Mathematical Methods. Appendix B: Digital Simulations of Electrochemical Problems. Appendix C: Reference Tables. Index.

20,533 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the photodriven conversion of liquid water to gaseous hydrogen and oxygen, a process similar to that of biological photosynthesis, using sunlight to drive a thermodynamically uphill reaction of an abundant material to produce fuel.
Abstract: The maintenance of life on earth, our food, oxygen, and fossil fuels depend upon the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy by biological photosynthesis carried out by green plants and photosynthetic bacteria. In this process sunlight and available abundant raw materials (water, carbon dioxide) are converted to oxygen and the reduced organic species that serve as food and fuel. A long-standing challenge has been the development of a practical artificial photosynthetic system that can roughly mimic the biological one, not by duplicating the self-organization and reproduction of the biological system nor the aesthetic beauty of trees and plants, but rather by being able to use sunlight to drive a thermodynamically uphill reaction of an abundant materials to produce a fuel. In this Account we focus on “water splitting”, the photodriven conversion of liquid water to gaseous hydrogen and oxygen:

2,377 citations

Book
27 Aug 1985
TL;DR: Standard Potentials in Aqueous solution as mentioned in this paper is a collection of thermodynamic data from the IUPAC Commissions onElectrochemistry and Electroanalytical Chemistry, and it is a valuable supplementarytext for undergraduate and graduate-level chemistry students.
Abstract: The best available collection of thermodynamic data!The first-of-its-kind in over thirty years, this up-to-date book presents the current knowledgeon Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solution.Written by leading international experts and initiated by the IUPAC Commissions onElectrochemistry and Electroanalytical Chemistry, this remarkable work begins with athorough review of basic concepts and methods for determining standard electrodepotentials. Building upon this solid foundation, this convenient source proceeds to discussthe various redox couples for every known element.The chapters of this practical, time-saving guide are organized in order of the groups ofelements on the periodic table, for easy reference to vital material . AND each chapteralso contains the fundamental chemistry of elements ... numerous equations of chemicalreactions .. . easy-to-read tables of thermodynamic data . . . and useful oxidation-statediagrams.Standard Potentials in Aqueous Solution is an ideal, handy reference for analytical andphysical chemists, electrochemists, electroanalytical chemists, chemical engineers, biochemists,inorganic and organic chemists, and spectroscopists needing information onreactions and thermodynamic data in inorganic chemistry . And it is a valuable supplementarytext for undergraduate- and graduate-level chemistry students.

2,242 citations

Book
01 Jan 1975

1,904 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The preparation of vertically grown carbon-doped TiO(2) (TiO( 2-x)C(x) nanotube arrays with high aspect ratios for maximizing the photocleavage of water under white-light irradiation showed much higher photocurrent densities and more efficient water splitting under visible-light illumination than pure TiO (2) nanOTube arrays.
Abstract: The photocatalytic splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen using solar light is a potentially clean and renewable source for hydrogen fuel.1,2 There has been extensive investigation into metal-oxide semiconductors such as TiO2, WO3, and Fe2O3, which can be used as photoanodes in thin-film form.3-5 Of the materials being developed for photoanodes, TiO2 remains one of the most promising because of its low cost, chemical inertness, and photostability.6 However, the widespread technological use of TiO2 is hindered by its low utilization of solar energy in the visible region. In this study, we report the preparation of vertically grown carbon-doped TiO2 (TiO2-xCx) nanotube arrays with high aspect ratios for maximizing the photocleavage of water under white-light irradiation. The synthesized TiO2-xCx nanotube arrays showed much higher photocurrent densities and more efficient water splitting under visible-light illumination (> 420 nm) than pure TiO2 nanotube arrays. The total photocurrent was more than 20 t...

1,626 citations


Cited by
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
15 Dec 1995-Science
TL;DR: In this paper, the carrier collection efficiency and energy conversion efficiency of polymer photovoltaic cells were improved by blending of the semiconducting polymer with C60 or its functionalized derivatives.
Abstract: The carrier collection efficiency (ηc) and energy conversion efficiency (ηe) of polymer photovoltaic cells were improved by blending of the semiconducting polymer with C60 or its functionalized derivatives. Composite films of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV) and fullerenes exhibit ηc of about 29 percent of electrons per photon and ηe of about 2.9 percent, efficiencies that are better by more than two orders of magnitude than those that have been achieved with devices made with pure MEH-PPV. The efficient charge separation results from photoinduced electron transfer from the MEH-PPV (as donor) to C60 (as acceptor); the high collection efficiency results from a bicontinuous network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions.

9,611 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
21 Feb 1997-Science
TL;DR: In this article, surface-enhanced Raman scattering was used to detect single molecules and single nanoparticles at room temperature with the use of surface enhanced Raman, and the intrinsic Raman enhancement factors were on the order of 10 14 to 10 15, much larger than the ensemble-averaged values derived from conventional measurements.
Abstract: Optical detection and spectroscopy of single molecules and single nanoparticles have been achieved at room temperature with the use of surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Individual silver colloidal nanoparticles were screened from a large heterogeneous population for special size-dependent properties and were then used to amplify the spectroscopic signatures of adsorbed molecules. For single rhodamine 6G molecules adsorbed on the selected nanoparticles, the intrinsic Raman enhancement factors were on the order of 10 14 to 10 15 , much larger than the ensemble-averaged values derived from conventional measurements. This enormous enhancement leads to vibrational Raman signals that are more intense and more stable than single-molecule fluorescence.

9,609 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This critical review shows the basis of photocatalytic water splitting and experimental points, and surveys heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting into H2 and O2, and H2 or O2 evolution from an aqueous solution containing a sacrificial reagent.
Abstract: This critical review shows the basis of photocatalytic water splitting and experimental points, and surveys heterogeneous photocatalyst materials for water splitting into H2 and O2, and H2 or O2 evolution from an aqueous solution containing a sacrificial reagent Many oxides consisting of metal cations with d0 and d10 configurations, metal (oxy)sulfide and metal (oxy)nitride photocatalysts have been reported, especially during the latest decade The fruitful photocatalyst library gives important information on factors affecting photocatalytic performances and design of new materials Photocatalytic water splitting and H2 evolution using abundant compounds as electron donors are expected to contribute to construction of a clean and simple system for solar hydrogen production, and a solution of global energy and environmental issues in the future (361 references)

8,850 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) offer the possibilities to design solar cells with a large flexibility in shape, color, and transparency as mentioned in this paper, and many DSC research groups have been established around the world.
Abstract: Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) offer the possibilities to design solar cells with a large flexibility in shape, color, and transparency. DSC research groups have been established around the worl ...

8,707 citations