scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Author

Allico Joseph Djaman

Bio: Allico Joseph Djaman is an academic researcher from Pasteur Institute. The author has contributed to research in topics: Anemia & Minimum inhibitory concentration. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 39 publications receiving 237 citations. Previous affiliations of Allico Joseph Djaman include Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny.

Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results showed that the extract of M. morindoides has a significant antidiarrheal activity which supports its use in traditional herbal medicine practice.
Abstract: Purpose: The objective of the study was to investigate the ethyl acetate extract of Morinda morindoides (Baker) Milne-Redh (Rubiaceae) (MM-EA) properties against experimental diarrheoa induced by castor oil in albino Wistar rats. Methods: The ethyl acetate extract of Morinda morindoides (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally to three groups of rats (five animals per group) in order to evaluate the activity of the extract against castor oil-induced diarrhea model in rat. Two other groups received normal saline (5mg/kg) and loperamide (5mg/kg) as positive control. The effect of the extract on intestinal transit and castor oil-induced intestinal fluid accumulation (enteropooling) was assessed. Results : At oral doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight, the plant extract showed pronounced and dose-dependent antidiarrheal activity. The protective role of the extract at 1000 mg/kg was comparable to that of the reference drug, loperamide (5mg/kg). The extract (1000 mg/kg) produced a decrease in intestinal transit comparable to atropine (5mg/kg), and significantly (p<0.01) inhibited castor oil-induced enteropooling. No mortality and visible signs of general weakness were observed in the rats following the extract administration of up to a dose of 6000 mg/kg. Conclusion: The results showed that the extract of M. morindoides has a significant antidiarrheal activity which supports its use in traditional herbal medicine practice.

89 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings provide support for the use of these plants in traditional medicine for treatment of typhoid fever and gastrointestinal disorders, and are thus, potential sources of drugs that would need to be subjected to further studies.
Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the antibacterial potentials of fourteen ethnobotanically selected plants traditionally used in different parts of Cote d’Ivoire for the treatment of typhoid fever and gastrointestinal disorders. Method: The antimicrobial activity of the extracts of the plant was tested against a collection strain of Salmonella typhimurium, a clinical strain of Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by macrobroth dilution method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. Results: All the plants had bactericidal activity against at least one of the test microorganisms with both MIC and MBC ranging from 2.5 to > 80 mg/ml. Among the plant extracts, Terminalia glaucescens . (Combretaceae) Bersama abyssinica subsp. paullinioides (Melianthaceae ) and Abrus precatorius (Fabaceae) showed the most promising broad spectrum antibacterial properties, inhibiting all of the strains tested, especially S. Typhi and P. aeruginosa , with MBC ranging from 2.5 to 5 mg/ml. Conclusion: The findings provide support for the use of these plants in traditional medicine for treatment of typhoid fever and gastrointestinal disorders, and are thus, potential sources of drugs that would need to be subjected to further studies. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Ivorian medicinal plants, MIC, MBC.

24 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is evident from this study that Morinda morindoides (Rubiaceae) is a guineo-congolese species that meets in the borders of the forests and possesses an in vitro antifungal activity on Cryptococcus neoformans.
Abstract: Morinda morindoides est une plante qui est citee de facon recurrente dans plusieurs prescriptions therapeutiques. Afin de mieux connaitre cette plante et de pouvoir l’identifier sur le terrain, nous avons, dans cette etude, fait sa description botanique suivie d’une exploration de son activite antifongique. Il ressort de cette etude que Morinda morindoides (Rubiaceae) est une espece guineo-congolaise qui se retrouve dans les lisieres des forets. C’est une liane grimpante avec des feuilles opposees et possedant des fruits bosseles. Cette plante possede une activite antifongique in vitro sur Cryptococcus neoformans. Parmi les extraits testes, la fraction 1 (F1) (CMF = 0,78 mg/ml; CI50 = 0,08 ± 0,02 mg/ml) est la plus active.

20 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The evaluation of the zinc and copper status could represent essential parameters in monitoring of TB second line treatment for better treatment management and explain the immune system dysfunction and the high level of oxidative stress in patients with MDR-TB.
Abstract: In Cote d’Ivoire, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a serious public health problem with a prevalence estimated at 2.5% in 2006. Zinc and copper are essential Trace element needed to strengthen the immune system and also useful in the fight against tuberculosis. The Cu / Zn ratio is a good indicator of oxidative stress. The principal aim of this study was to evaluate the serum concentration of some trace element and determine the Cu / Zn ratio in patients with multidrug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) before and after second line treatment of TB. Blood samples were obtained from 100 MDR-TB patients after confirmation of their status through the microscopic and molecular diagnosis of resistance to Isoniazid and Rifampicin by GeneXpert. The concentration level of zinc and copper were determined using flame air / acetylene atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) Type Varian Spectr AA-20 Victoria, Australlia. A significant decrease in zinc levels (P < 0.05) and an increased Cu / Zn ratio (P < 0.05) was observed in MDR-TB patients compared to controls TB free. During treatment a significant reduction in Cu / Zn ratio (P < 0.05) was observed compared to the initial result. The decrease in serum zinc level and the high Cu / Zn ratio could explain the immune system dysfunction and the high level of oxidative stress in patients with MDR-TB. Therefore the evaluation of the zinc and copper status could represent essential parameters in monitoring of TB second line treatment for better treatment management.

17 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2011-Therapie
TL;DR: L’extrait a induit une diminution significative du nombre de cellules inflammatoires par rapport au lot temoin (p Les principales classes de metabolites secondaires, terpenoides, coumarines, flavonoides et tanins ont ete detectees dans les feuilles de the plante).
Abstract: Resume – Objectif Cette etude a pour but de mettre en evidence l’activite anti-inflammatoire de l’extrait d’ethanol de Annona senegalensis et de faire son screening phytochimique. Methodes Les rats ont ete repartis en trois lots. Le premier lot a recu uniquement les instillations et injection saline par voie intrapertoneale pendant les jours J0 et J7. C’est la phase de sensibilisation des rats de ce lot. Puis, aux jours J21, J22 et J23, les rats du meme lot (Lot 1) ont recu des injections salines sous anesthesie. Le deuxieme lot (Lot 2) est constitue de rats n’ayant pas subi de traitement par l’extrait de Annona senegalensis. Les rats de ce lot ont ete sensibilises par une injection intraperitoneale (50 μL) d’une solution d’albumine (50 μg/rats) dissoute dans l’hydroxyde d’aluminium, aux jours J0 et J7. Puis, au cours de la phase de provocation, on a injecte par voie intraperitoneale une solution physiologique (saline) contenant 0,9 % de chlorure de sodium a une concentration de 1,5 %, aux jours J21, J22 et J23. Le sacrifice a eu lieu au jour J24, soit 24 heures apres la derniere provocation a l’ovalbumine. De meme, les rats du troisieme lot (Lot 3) ont fait l’objet d’une sensibilisation grâce a l’ovalbumine associee a l’hydroxyde d’aluminium aux jours J0 et J7. Ensuite pendant l’etape de provocation, les rats de ce lot ont subi respectivement aux jours J21, J22 et J23, un traitement conjugue d’albumine et d’extrait ethanolique de Annona senegalensis (par injection de 0,4 mL d’extrait par voie intraperitoneale en utilisant comme dose 7,10−2 mg/kg). Vingt-quatre heures apres la derniere injection correspondant a J23, les rats ont ete sacrifies sous anesthesie. Les metabolites secondaires ont ete caracterises par des analyses physico-chimiques. Resultats Les rats du lot temoin (Lot 1) ont donne en moyenne 24 ± 0,02 mastocytes ; 7 ± 0,1 macrophages ; 9 ± 0,05 eosinophiles. Dans ce lot temoin, la presence de neutrophiles n’a pas ete revelee. Apres les etapes de provocation et de sensibilisation a l’albumine (Lot 2), on a observe une augmentation tres significative du nombre de cellules inflammatoires par rapport au lot temoin (p Les principales classes de metabolites secondaires, terpenoides, coumarines, flavonoides et tanins ont ete detectees dans les feuilles de la plante. En revanche, elles sont pauvres en alcaloides et en substances quinoniques. Conclusion L’extrait a induit une diminution significative du nombre de cellules inflammatoires. Cettte action pourrait s’expliquer par la presence de metabolites secondaires tels que les tanins et les composes phenoliques dans l’extrait de plante. Toutefois, son mecanisme d’action reste encore a elucider.

15 citations


Cited by
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
21 Jul 1979-BMJ
TL;DR: It is suggested that if assessment of overdoses were left to house doctors there would be an increase in admissions to psychiatric units, outpatients, and referrals to social services, but for house doctors to assess overdoses would provide no economy for the psychiatric or social services.
Abstract: admission. This proportion could already be greater in some parts of the country and may increase if referrals of cases of self-poisoning increase faster than the facilities for their assessment and management. The provision of social work and psychiatric expertise in casualty departments may be one means of preventing unnecessary medical admissions without risk to the patients. Dr Blake's and Dr Bramble's figures do not demonstrate, however, that any advantage would attach to medical teams taking over assessment from psychiatrists except that, by implication, assessments would be completed sooner by staff working on the ward full time. What the figures actually suggest is that if assessment of overdoses were left to house doctors there would be an increase in admissions to psychiatric units (by 19°U), outpatients (by 5O°'), and referrals to social services (by 140o). So for house doctors to assess overdoses would provide no economy for the psychiatric or social services. The study does not tell us what the consequences would have been for the six patients who the psychiatrists would have admitted but to whom the house doctors would have offered outpatient appointments. E J SALTER

4,497 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A computational analysis of the metabolism of Plasmodiumfalciparum, the deadliest malaria pathogen, suggests that the set of essential enzymes predicted by the flux balance approach represents a promising starting point for further drug development.
Abstract: Background: Despite enormous efforts to combat malaria the disease still afflicts up to half a billion people each year of which more than one million die. Currently no approved vaccine is available and resistances to antimalarials are widely spread. Hence, new antimalarial drugs are urgently needed. Results: Here, we present a computational analysis of the metabolism of Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest malaria pathogen. We assembled a compartmentalized metabolic model and predicted life cycle stage specific metabolism with the help of a flux balance approach that integrates gene expression data. Predicted metabolite exchanges between parasite and host were found to be in good accordance with experimental findings when the parasite’s metabolic network was embedded into that of its host (erythrocyte). Knock-out simulations identified 307 indispensable metabolic reactions within the parasite. 35 out of 57 experimentally demonstrated essential enzymes were recovered and another 16 enzymes, if additionally the assumption was made that nutrient uptake from the host cell is limited and all reactions catalyzed by the inhibited enzyme are blocked. This predicted set of putative drug targets, shown to be enriched with true targets by a factor of at least 2.75, was further analyzed with respect to homology to human enzymes, functional similarity to therapeutic targets in other organisms and their predicted potency for prophylaxis and disease treatment. Conclusions: The results suggest that the set of essential enzymes predicted by our flux balance approach represents a promising starting point for further drug development.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Haiying Cui1, Xuejing Zhang1, Hui Zhou1, Chengting Zhao1, Lin Lin1 
TL;DR: Salvia sclarea essential oil damaged the cell membranes and changed the cell membrane permeability, leading to the release of some cytoplasm such as macromolecular substances, ATP and DNA.
Abstract: Nowadays, essential oils are recognized as safe substances and can be used as antibacterial additives. Salvia sclarea is one of the most important aromatic plants cultivated world-wide as a source of essential oils. In addition to being flavoring foods, Salvia sclarea essential oil can also act as antimicrobials and preservatives against food spoilage. Understanding more about the antibacterial performance and possible mechanism of Salvia sclarea essential oil will be helpful for its application in the future. But so far few related researches have been reported. In our study, Salvia sclarea oil showed obvious antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial strains. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) of seven pathogens were 0.05 and 0.1 % respectively. In addition, Salvia sclarea oil also exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and meats. After treated with Salvia sclarea oil, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images can clearly see the damage of cell membrane; the intracellular ATP concentrations of E. coli and S. aureus reduced 98.27 and 69.61 % respectively, compared to the control groups; the nuclear DNA content of E. coli and S. aureus was significantly reduced to 48.32 and 50.77 % respectively. In addition, there was massive leakage of cellular material when E. coli and S. aureus were exposed to Salvia sclarea oil. Salvia sclarea essential oil damaged the cell membrane and changed the cell membrane permeability, leading to the release of some cytoplasm such as macromolecular substances, ATP and DNA. In general, the antimicrobial action of Salvia sclarea essential oil is not only attributable to a unique pathway, but also involves a series of events both on the cell surface and within the cytoplasm. Therefore, more experiments need to be done to fully understand the antimicrobial mechanism of Salvia sclarea essential oil.

85 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The experimental results from the pharmacological research enable the validation of their traditional uses in several of the groups of diseases in the countries of origin and reveal these plants to be a valuable source for therapeutic molecules.

65 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings suggest the validity of the acclaimed effect of Zehineria scabra as antidiarrheal agent in Ethiopian traditional herbal medicine and find the extract found to be safe at dose of 2000mg/kg in mice model.
Abstract: The leaf of Zehneria scabra is traditionally used for the management of diarrhea in Ethiopia. Its use, however, has not been scientifically validated for safety and efficacy. The aim of this study was to investigate antidiarrheal and antisecretory effects of hydroalcolic leaf extract of Z. scabra in mice models. For each of antidiarrheal, gastrointestinal motility and antisecretory activity study Swiss albino mice were divided in to five groups. Group I was treated as control group and received 10 ml/kg of 2% Tween-80 orally; Group II served as a positive control and took standard drug in each of the experiments orally; Group III, IV and V were test groups which received the methanolic extract orally at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. Depending on the model total weight of fecal output, total weight of wet feces, total number of fecal output, number of wet faeces, length of intestinal transit and intestinal weight were collected. Finally, data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post test. In castor oil induced diarrhea model, the extract dose produced a significant reduction in mean stool score (1.94 ± 0.102) at 200 mg/kg. Moreover, the 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg doses inhibited stool frequency by 40, 45 and 55%, respectively. All test doses of extract and loperamide (3mg/kg) reduced fecal fluid content significantly (p<0.01). The 100 mg/kg dose of extract produced 25.74% reduction of fluid content (p<0.001) while both 200 and 400 mg/kg showed 29.70 % (p<0.001) compared to negative control group. The extract of Zehineria scabra showed antidiarrheal and antisecretory activity in mice model. Moreover, the extract found to be safe at dose of 2000mg/kg in mice model. The findings suggest the validity of the acclaimed effect of Zehineria scabra as antidiarrheal agent in Ethiopian traditional herbal medicine.

64 citations