Alvin W. Gouldner

Bio: Alvin W. Gouldner is an academic researcher from Washington University in St. Louis. The author has contributed to research in topics: Social theory & Ideology. The author has an hindex of 37, co-authored 87 publications receiving 22742 citations. Previous affiliations of Alvin W. Gouldner include University of Amsterdam & Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences.

The Future of Intellectuals and the Rise of the New Class: A Frame of Reference, Theses, Conjectures, Arguments, and an Historical Perspective on the Role of Intellectuals and Intelligentsia in the International Class Contest of the Modern Era

Abstract: (Tercume: M. Cuneyt Birkok) Yirminci yuzyilin butun ulkeleri, ortaya cikan dunya sosyo ekonomik duzeninin bir parcasi olmaktadirlar; entelektueller ve teknik entelijansiyadan olusan bir Yeni Sinif, halihazirda toplum ekonomisini kontrol eden guruplarla -isadami veya parti liderleri- mucadeleye girmektedir. Yeni bir sinif sistemi ve yeni bir sinif muhteviyati, gelisen ulkelerin ucuncu dunyasinda, Sovyetler Birligi'nin ikinci dunyasi ve uydu ulkelerinde, Kuzey Amerika, Bati Avrupa ve Japonya'nin kapitalist birinci dunya ulkelerinde yavasca yukselmektedir.

A Frame of Reference, Theses, Conjectures, Arguments, and an Historical Perspective on the Role of Intellectuals and Intelligentsia in the International Class Contest of the Modern Era.

Abstract: (Tercume: M. Cuneyt Birkok) Yirminci yuzyilin butun ulkeleri, ortaya cikan dunya sosyo ekonomik duzeninin bir parcasi olmaktadirlar; entelektueller ve teknik entelijansiyadan olusan bir Yeni Sinif, halihazirda toplum ekonomisini kontrol eden guruplarla -isadami veya parti liderleri- mucadeleye girmektedir. Yeni bir sinif sistemi ve yeni bir sinif muhteviyati, gelisen ulkelerin ucuncu dunyasinda, Sovyetler Birligi'nin ikinci dunyasi ve uydu ulkelerinde, Kuzey Amerika, Bati Avrupa ve Japonya'nin kapitalist birinci dunya ulkelerinde yavasca yukselmektedir.

Prologue to a Theory of Revolutionary Intellectuals

Abstract: The following remarks attempt to explore the role of the intellectuals in contemporary revolutionary transformations, and to apprehend their character and meaning. As a whole, the project has two versions of the argument, a weak and a strong one. The minimum project seeks to specify the historical mechanisms that contribute to the radicalization of Western intellectuals and induce them to play a role in the revolutions of the twentieth century. Grounded in the unchallengeable premise that the intellectuals have played a revolutionary role of some substance, this version of the argument does not commit itself to a judgment on how important their role has been.

The New Class project, II: A frame of reference, theses, conjectures, arguments, and an historical perspective on the role of intellectuals and intelligentsia in the international class contest of the modern era

Abstract: 7.1 The necessary institution for the mass production of the New Class and its special culture of critical discourse is the historically unique system of "public education," whether at the secondary or tertiary levels. This system is characterized by the fact that (a) it is education away from the home and thus away from close parental supervision; (b) it is education mediated by a special group of New Class, "teachers," whose role requires them to take the standpoint of the collectivity as a whole, and who train students to believe that the value of their discourse does not depend upon their differing class origins, that it is not the speaker but the speech that is to be attended. (c) All public schools, therefore, are schools for a linguistic conversion, moving their charges away from the ordinary languages of their everyday lives and moving them toward the CCD (i.e., the culture of critical discourse).

The iron cage revisited institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields

Abstract: What makes organizations so similar? We contend that the engine of rationalization and bureaucratization has moved from the competitive marketplace to the state and the professions. Once a set of organizations emerges as a field, a paradox arises: rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them. We describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative—leading to this outcome. We then specify hypotheses about the impact of resource centralization and dependency, goal ambiguity and technical uncertainty, and professionalization and structuration on isomorphic change. Finally, we suggest implications for theories of organizations and social change.

Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital

Abstract: In this paper, the concept of social capital is introduced and illustrated, its forms are described, the social structural conditions under which it arises are examined, and it is used in an analys...

The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism

Abstract: A model is presented to account for the natural selection of what is termed reciprocally altruistic behavior. The model shows how selection can operate against the cheater (non-reciprocator) in the system. Three instances of altruistic behavior are discussed, the evolution of which the model can explain: (1) behavior involved in cleaning symbioses; (2) warning cries in birds; and (3) human reciprocal altruism. Regarding human reciprocal altruism, it is shown that the details of the psychological system that regulates this altruism can be explained by the model. Specifically, friendship, dislike, moralistic aggression, gratitude, sympathy, trust, suspicion, trustworthiness, aspects of guilt, and some forms of dishonesty and hypocrisy can be explained as important adaptations to regulate the altruistic system. Each individual human is seen as possessing altruistic and cheating tendencies, the expression of which is sensitive to developmental variables that were selected to set the tendencies at a balance ap...

Framing Processes and Social Movements: An Overview and Assessment

Abstract: ■ Abstract The recent proliferation of scholarship on collective action frames and framing processes in relation to social movements indicates that framing processes have come to be regarded, alongside resource mobilization and political opportunity processes, as a central dynamic in understanding the character and course of social movements. This review examines the analytic utility of the framing literature for un- derstanding social movement dynamics. We first review how collective action frames have been conceptualized, including their characteristic and variable features. We then examine the literature related to framing dynamics and processes. Next we review the literature regarding various contextual factors that constrain and facilitate framing processes. We conclude with an elaboration of the consequences of framing processes for other movement processes and outcomes. We seek throughout to provide clarifi- cation of the linkages between framing concepts/processes and other conceptual and theoretical formulations relevant to social movements, such as schemas and ideology.