Showing papers by "Amartya Sen published in 2007"

Advancing development : core themes in global economics

Abstract: Preface G.Mavrotas & A.Shorrocks Foreword Obituary: Lal Jayawardena A.Singh PART 1: DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS IN RETROSPECT The Evolution of the Development Doctrine, 1950-2005 E.Thorbecke Turning Points in Development Thinking and Practice L.Emmerij From Sees to Sen: The Meaning of Economic Development W.Nafziger Inequality in Historical Perspective R.Jolly PART 2: INEQUALITY AND CONFLICT Health Improvements and Health Inequality During the Last 40 Years G.A.Cornia & L.Menchini Inequality and Corruption E.Uslaner Indivisibility, Fairness, Farsightedness and their Implications for Security S.M. Murshed Violence in Peace: Understanding Increased Violence in Early Post-conflict Transitions and its Implications for Development M.B. Hartwell PART 3: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND WELL-BEING International Convergence or Higher Inequality in Human Development? Evidence for 1975 to 2002 F.Noorbakhsh Investing in Health for Economic Development: The Case of Mexico N.Lustig A Wider Approach to Aid Effectiveness: Correlated Impacts on Health, Wealth, Fertility and Education D.Fielding, M.McGillivray & S.Torres Is Social Capital Part of the Institutions Continuum and is it a Deep Determinant of Development? S.Knowles PART 4: GLOBALISATION Stormy Days on an Open Field: Asymmetries in the Global Economy N.Birdsall A Quest for Pro-poor Globalisation M.Nissanke & E.Thorbecke International Migration in an Era of Globalisation A.de Haan PART 5: DEVELOPMENT FINANCE International Risk Tolerance, Capital Market Failure and Capital Flows to Emerging Markets V.Fitzgerald Prolonged Use and Conditionality Failure: Investigating the IMF Responsibility S.Marchesi & L.Sabani International Finance and the Developing World: The Next Twenty Years T.Addison PART 6: GROWTH AND POVERTY Gender and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Issues and Evidence M.Blackden, S.Canagarajah, S.Klasen & D.Lawson Decomposing Growth: Do Low-income and HIPC Countries Differ from High-income Countries? P.Haaparanta & H.Virta Evaluating Targeting Efficiency of Government Programmes: International Comparisons N.Kakwani & H. Son Innovations, High-tech Trade and Industrial Development: Theory, Evidence and Policy L.Singh Manufacturing, Services and Premature De-industrialization in Developing Countries S.Dasgupta & A.Singh PART 7: DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES Why Have All Development Strategies Failed in Latin America? G.Rozenwurcel Development in Chile 1990-2005: Lessons From a Positive Experience A.Garcia Hurtado Three Decades of Rural Development Projects in Asia, Latin America and Africa: Learning From Successes and Failures A.Zoomers Development Strategy, Viability and Economic Institutions: The Case of China J.Y.Lin, M.Liu, S.Pan & P.Zhang Institutions, Policies and Economic Development G.W. Kolodko Patterns of Rent-extraction and Deployment in Developing Countries: Implications for Governance, Economic Policy and Performance R.M. Auty Credit Co-operatives in Locally-financed Economic Development: Using Energy Efficiency as Lever R.McIntyre PART 8: DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS IN PROSPECT Development Through Globalisation? D.Nayyar Do we Need a New 'Great Transformation'? Is One Likely? F. Stewart Building Absorptive Capacity to Meet the Millennium Development Goals F.Bourguignon & M.Sundberg Applying Behavioural Economics to International Development Policy C.L. Anderson & K.Stamoulis The Human Dimensions of the Global Development Process in the Early Part of the 21st Century: Critical Trends and New Challenges M.Simai Development Questions for 25 Years L.Taylor

Teorías del desarrollo a principios del siglo XXI

Abstract: La evolucion de las ideas no sigue el curso de los siglos. Es mas, en el transcurso del siglo XX hemos presenciado cambios radicales en lo que a teoria del desarrollo se refiere. Ni siquiera es indispensable definir los siglos de acuerdo con la clasificacion del calendario, de cero a noventa y nueve. En su celebre discurso del 8 de mayo de 1942, Henry Wallace afirmaba que “el siglo que estamos por vivir puede y debe ser el siglo del hombre corriente”, pero no hablaba del siglo XX o del XXI. El hecho conocido de que nos hallamos en los anos postreros del siglo XX no significa que este sea necesariamente tiempo de revision; y esto es igualmente valido para la propuesta de reevaluacion de nuestra teoria del desarrollo.

Civil paths to peace : report of the Commonwealth Commission on Respect and Understanding

Abstract: Preface Letter of Presentation Executive Summary 1. Why do Respect and Understanding Matter? 2. The Nature and Nurture of Violence 3. Poverty, Inequality and Humiliation 4. History, Grievance and Conflict 5. Political Participation, Dialogue and Inclusion 6. The Role of Media and Communication 7. Young People and Education 8. Multilateralism and the International Order 9. The Way Forward and Conclusions References Appendix A. Members of the Commonwealth Commission on Respect and Understanding Appendix B. Written submission to the Commonwealth Commission on Respect and Understanding Appendix C. Bibliography

Identité et violence : l'illusion du destin

Abstract: L’economiste indien Amartya Sen est connu pour ses travaux sur les mecanismes fondamentaux de la pauvrete, de la famine et du developpement, sur les inegalites entre les hommes et les femmes et sur les indicateurs sociaux du bien-etre en general. C’est surtout sa these sur la « capabilite » qui a retenu l’attention, c’est-a-dire les fonctionnements de base qui assurent aux individus les moyens minima de controle sur le cours de leur vie. En 1998, il a recu le prix Nobel d’economie pour l’ensemble de son œuvre. Tout en cherchant a le contester de l’interieur, il reste toutefois inscrit dans le courant dominant de la theorie economique neoclassique, partageant les hypotheses de la theorie du choix rationnel et de l’individualisme methodologique. C’est donc un intellectuel tout a la fois facile et diffi cile a classer. Et ceci d’autant plus qu’il s’agit, en outre, d’un humaniste qui n’hesite pas a s’impliquer dans les grands debats de son temps. A ce titre, il pourrait d’ailleurs tout aussi bien etre presente comme philosophe, historien ou analyste politique.

Population and reasoned agency: population growth and food security

Abstract: The author discusses the balance between food security and the limits of population size. He explores how close we are to the limits of population size whether food security is the main problem and whether a rational social policy on population control can be voluntary. The problem of food production is viewed in terms of the general issue of balancing the expansion of food production to population growth for the world as a whole and the particular problems of specific countries and regions in balancing food supply and population size. Linkages between population pressure production possibilities and the environment and the influences which operate on the rate of expansion of population itself are debated. Sections consider output production possibility and economic incentives along with incentives entitlements and food consumption offering approaches to problems and remedies. Sen argues the need to be willing to look for solutions to difficult social problems rather than accepting the Malthusian-like inevitability of misery. One must be confident of our ability to rationally assess the effectiveness of alternative social and economic policies which can ultimately rely upon voluntary reasoned decisions to bring about behavioral change.

Mérite et justice

Abstract: La retribution du merite et le concept meme du merite dependent de la maniere dont nous voyons la bonne societe et les criteres sur lesquels nous nous appuyons pour juger des succes et des echecs de cette societe. La « perspective incitative » sur le merite est en competition avec la perspective en termes de « propriete de l’action ». La presence d’inegalites, ou d’autres inconvenients, peut alors provoquer des tensions psychologiques, en particulier quand la retribution du merite n’est pas directement valorisee par l’approche incitative. Meme si les arguments en termes d’incitation ont tendance a etre, en principe, acceptes comme le principal registre de justification d’un systeme de recompenses, certains plaidoyers « meritocratiques » apparaissent inutiles et meme, quelquefois, en contradiction avec la perspective incitative. Les caracteristiques ajoutees communement sont : (1) le fait de confondre le merite d’une action avec celui de la personne (et potentiellement de tout un groupe d’individus) ; (2) de perdre de vue le caractere instrumental d’une argumentation en termes d’incitation et de considerer les recompenses comme intrinsequement dues ou meritees ; et (3) d’exclure arbitrairement les considerations distributives de la fonction de choix social a partir de laquelle est definie le merite.

The world of smoking guns.

Abstract: I begin with a conundrum—freshly devised, but I hope adequately old-fashioned in spirit. What’s the difference between guns and cigarettes? The answer is that guns fire and kill first, and then they smoke, whereas cigarettes smoke first, and then they fire and kill. But if this contrast is right, then gun smoke has an evidential value that cigarette smoke does not immediately have, as the casualty from smoking is yet to come and might therefore be, to some extent, a matter of conjecture. This leads to the further question that must be dealt with in one form or another in a world conference like this one: how can we sensibly assess the harm that smoking does? Only after coming to grip with this question can we go on to decide what needs to be done here and now. This deliberative perspective may seem a bit too hesitant, especially in a gathering of this kind where the participants are basically convinced that the facts and the values involved in assessing smoking as a practice are all fairly well sorted out, and all that is needed now is urgent action. The connection between smoking and morbidity (including cancer, cardiovascular diseases and other ailments) is indeed well established, but the idea of social harm raises, as the critics of interventionist policies have discussed, other issues as well. It is important for tobacco control enthusiasts to recognise that a huge proportion of the population at large as well as a great many caring and kind intellectuals are not at all convinced yet that extensive tobacco control is the right way to go. The counterpoints are many, and they all need to be dealt with, for the battle for tobacco control is not just for new laws or new government policies but also for the …