▪ Abstract Well-being is a complex construct that concerns optimal experience and functioning. Current research on well-being has been derived from two general perspectives: the hedonic approach, which focuses on happiness and defines well-being in terms of pleasure attainment and pain avoidance; and the eudaimonic approach, which focuses on meaning and self-realization and defines well-being in terms of the degree to which a person is fully functioning. These two views have given rise to different research foci and a body of knowledge that is in some areas divergent and in others complementary. New methodological developments concerning multilevel modeling and construct comparisons are also allowing researchers to formulate new questions for the field. This review considers research from both perspectives concerning the nature of well-being, its antecedents, and its stability across time and culture.

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On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of Research on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(08)61690-6.pdf

Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.2307%2F3343168.pdf

Development as Freedom

A doubling in global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses huge challenges for the sustainability both of food production and of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Agriculturalists are the principal managers of global useable lands and will shape, perhaps irreversibly, the surface of the Earth in the coming decades. New incentives and policies for ensuring the sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem services will be crucial if we are to meet the demands of improving yields without compromising environmental integrity or public health.

/pdf/agricultural-sustainability-and-intensive-production-1h98l920tu.pdf

Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices

We review in detail a number of approaches that have been adopted to try and explain the remarkable observation of our accelerating universe. In particular we discuss the arguments for and recent progress made towards understanding the nature of dark energy. We review the observational evidence for the current accelerated expansion of the universe and present a number of dark energy models in addition to the conventional cosmological constant, paying particular attention to scalar field models such as quintessence, K-essence, tachyon, phantom and dilatonic models. The importance of cosmological scaling solutions is emphasized when studying the dynamical system of scalar fields including coupled dark energy. We study the evolution of cosmological perturbations allowing us to confront them with the observation of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure and demonstrate how it is possible in principle to reconstruct the equation of state of dark energy by also using Supernovae Ia observational data. We also discuss in detail the nature of tracking solutions in cosmology, particle physics and braneworld models of dark energy, the nature of possible future singularities, the effect of higher order curvature terms to avoid a Big Rip singularity, and approaches to modifying gravity which leads to a late-time accelerated expansion without recourse to a new form of dark energy.

Dynamics of dark energy

The author discusses the balance between food security and the limits of population size. He explores how close we are to the limits of population size whether food security is the main problem and whether a rational social policy on population control can be voluntary. The problem of food production is viewed in terms of the general issue of balancing the expansion of food production to population growth for the world as a whole and the particular problems of specific countries and regions in balancing food supply and population size. Linkages between population pressure production possibilities and the environment and the influences which operate on the rate of expansion of population itself are debated. Sections consider output production possibility and economic incentives along with incentives entitlements and food consumption offering approaches to problems and remedies. Sen argues the need to be willing to look for solutions to difficult social problems rather than accepting the Malthusian-like inevitability of misery. One must be confident of our ability to rationally assess the effectiveness of alternative social and economic policies which can ultimately rely upon voluntary reasoned decisions to bring about behavioral change.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057%2Fpalgrave.development.1100349.pdf

Population and reasoned agency: population growth and food security

Introduction and Approach

Galbraith and the Art of Description

Education in Kerala's development : towards a new agenda

Stig Kanger was a philosopher of extraordinary power and creativity. In logic, in choice theory, in the theory of rights, and in many other fields, Kanger made far-reaching contributions which were profoundly important for the respective subjects. But he was not invariably a person of the greatest perseverance. He would often make an extremely innovative departure from the received tradition, but then move on to something else without staying on to finish the work he had started.

Amartya Sen

Papers

Population and reasoned agency: population growth and food security

Introduction and Approach

Galbraith and the Art of Description

Education in Kerala's development : towards a new agenda

Non-Binary Choice and Preference: A Tribute to Stig Kanger