▪ Abstract Well-being is a complex construct that concerns optimal experience and functioning. Current research on well-being has been derived from two general perspectives: the hedonic approach, which focuses on happiness and defines well-being in terms of pleasure attainment and pain avoidance; and the eudaimonic approach, which focuses on meaning and self-realization and defines well-being in terms of the degree to which a person is fully functioning. These two views have given rise to different research foci and a body of knowledge that is in some areas divergent and in others complementary. New methodological developments concerning multilevel modeling and construct comparisons are also allowing researchers to formulate new questions for the field. This review considers research from both perspectives concerning the nature of well-being, its antecedents, and its stability across time and culture.

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On Happiness and Human Potentials: A Review of Research on Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(08)61690-6.pdf

Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.2307%2F3343168.pdf

Development as Freedom

A doubling in global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses huge challenges for the sustainability both of food production and of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Agriculturalists are the principal managers of global useable lands and will shape, perhaps irreversibly, the surface of the Earth in the coming decades. New incentives and policies for ensuring the sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem services will be crucial if we are to meet the demands of improving yields without compromising environmental integrity or public health.

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Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices

We review in detail a number of approaches that have been adopted to try and explain the remarkable observation of our accelerating universe. In particular we discuss the arguments for and recent progress made towards understanding the nature of dark energy. We review the observational evidence for the current accelerated expansion of the universe and present a number of dark energy models in addition to the conventional cosmological constant, paying particular attention to scalar field models such as quintessence, K-essence, tachyon, phantom and dilatonic models. The importance of cosmological scaling solutions is emphasized when studying the dynamical system of scalar fields including coupled dark energy. We study the evolution of cosmological perturbations allowing us to confront them with the observation of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure and demonstrate how it is possible in principle to reconstruct the equation of state of dark energy by also using Supernovae Ia observational data. We also discuss in detail the nature of tracking solutions in cosmology, particle physics and braneworld models of dark energy, the nature of possible future singularities, the effect of higher order curvature terms to avoid a Big Rip singularity, and approaches to modifying gravity which leads to a late-time accelerated expansion without recourse to a new form of dark energy.

Dynamics of dark energy

Este articulo trata de las comparaciones ordinales de desigualdad de bienestar y su uso en los juicios de bienestar social, especialmente en el contexto del "principio de diferencia" de Rawls. En la seccion 1 se desarrolla el concepto de comparaciones  de desigualdad ordinales y se presenta un teorema sobre las comparaciones de desigualdad de bienestar para problemas de distribucion. La seccion 2 se dedicaa la discusion de Harsanyi (1955) de que la preocupacion por reducir las desigualdades de bienestar entre las personas no debe interferir en los juicios de bienestar social. En la seccion 3 se presenta una derivacion axiomatica de la regla lexicografica maximin de Rawls; esta se relaciona directamente con los resultados establecidos por Hammond (1975), d'Aspremont y Gevers (1975), y Strasnick (1975). En la ultima seccion se examinan los axiomas usados y se analizan algunos axiomas alternativos con la intencion de llegar a una evaluacion critica del enfoque de Rawls de los juicios sobre el bienestar social.

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Desigualdades de bienestar y axiomática rawlsiana

We have investigated the cosmological scenarios with a four dimensional effective action which is connected with multidimensional, supergravity and string theories. The solution for the scale factor is such that initially universe undergoes a decelerated expansion but in late times it enters into the accelerated expansion phase. Infact, it asymptotically becomes a de-Sitter universe. The dilaton field in our model is a decreasing function of time and it becomes a constant in late time resulting the exit from the scalar tensor theory to the standard Einstein's gravity. Also the dilaton field results the existence of a positive cosmological constant in late times.

Cosmology in scalar tensor theory and asymptotically de-Sitter Universe

On the Approach to Planning Against Hunger

VOLUME 1 Acknowledgements - Abbreviations and Acronyms - Notes on the Contributors - Introduction K.J.Arrow - PART 1: THE NATURE AND ROLE OF SOCIAL CHOICE THEORY - The Functions of Social Choice Theory K.J.Arrow - Discussion W.Gaertner - Individual Preference as the Basis of Social Choice A.Sen - Discussion L.Gevers - PART 2: THE STRUCTURE OF SOCIAL CHOICE AND IMPOSSIBILITY THEOREMS - Voting Models in the Arrovian Framework F.Aleskerov - Discussion N.Schofield - Arrovian Social Choice on Economic Domains M.Le Breton - Axiomatic Analysis of Resource Allocation H.Moulin & W.Thomson - A Unified Perspective on Resource Allocation: Limited Arbitrage is Necessary and Sufficient for the Existence of a Competitive Equilibrium, the Core and Social Choice G.Chichilnisky - Discussion N.Baigent - The Possibility-Impossibility Boundary in Social Choice D.Campbell & J.Kelly - Index. VOLUME 2 MANIPULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION - Reasonable Mechanisms and Nash Implementation B.Dutta - Discussion B.Peleg - Notes on Strategy: Proof Social Choice Functions S.Barbera - Discussion H.Moulin - PART 2: FOUNDATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF RIGHTS - Foundations and Implications of Rights C.Seidl - Discussion G.Orosel - Game Forms versus Social Choice Rules as Models of Rights P.Hammond - Discussion R.Deb - On Modelling Individual Rights: Some Conceptual Issues P.Pattanaik - Discussion M.Salles - PART 3: SOCIAL CHOICE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE - Intertemporally Consistent Population Ethics: Classical Utilitarian Principles C.Blackorby, W.Bossert & D.Donaldson - Discussion W.Thomson - Rational just Social Change S-C.Kolm - Discussion J.Weymark - Interpersonal Comparisons of the Extended Sympathy Type and the Possibility of Social Choice K.Suzumura - Discussion K.Roberts - Index

Amartya Sen

Papers

Desigualdades de bienestar y axiomática rawlsiana

Cosmology in scalar tensor theory and asymptotically de-Sitter Universe

On the Approach to Planning Against Hunger

Social choice re-examined : proceedings of the IEA Conference held at Schloss Hernstein, Berndorf, near Vienna, Austria

Delivering the Monterrey Consensus