Amit Singh

Bio: Amit Singh is an academic researcher from National Institute of Technology, Patna. The author has contributed to research in topics: Digital watermarking & Watermark. The author has an hindex of 57, co-authored 640 publications receiving 13795 citations. Previous affiliations of Amit Singh include Ithaca College & Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy.

Maximization of Profitability through Lac Production on Flemingia semialata- A Bushy Lac host

Abstract: Lac is bio-degradable in nature and is being cultivated in large amount. Total production and export of lac in 2012–13 was 19, 577 and 4, 361 tons respectively. Major lac production in India comes from conventional host trees viz., palas (Butea monosperma), ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) and kusum (Schleichera oleosa). Flemingia semialata has emerged as one of the most suitable lac host plant. To demonstrate the profitability of winter season lac production on Flemingia semialata, field demonstrations were conducted in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Bihar and U.P. Broodlac inoculation was done at the mean rate of 50 g/bush during July-August and harvested in January-February and was found quite remunerative. The broodlac yield ratio varied from 1: 3.8 at Bokaro (Jharkhand) to 1: 9 at Patna (Bihar) with mean broodlac yield ratio of 1: 5.5. Lac cultivation resulted in higher net return of • 323929 compared to • 16980, • 26910 and • 43890 under rice, wheat and rice-wheat cropping system, respectively. The average B: C ratio of lac cultivation was 1.30 and that of rice, wheat and rice-wheat cropping system was 0.35, 0.81 and 0.54, respectively.

Weed Management Strategies in Organic Rice Production System- A Review

Abstract: Farmers view weeds as the number one barrier to organic rice production. Also, organic ricegrowing farmers feel weed management is their number one priority, so they need more research about weed management under organic conditions from the researchers. Weeds can be considered a significant problem because they have a tendency to decrease crop yields by increasing competition for moisture, sunlight and nutrients also serving as host plants for pests and diseases. Since the development of herbicides, farmers have been used these chemicals to eradicate weeds from their fields. Using herbicides not only increased crop yields as well as reduced the labour required to remove weeds. Today, some farmers have a renewed interest in organic methods of managing weeds since the widespread use of agrochemicals has affected the environment and health. It has also been found that in some cases herbicides use can cause some Review Article Singh et al.; IJECC, 10(12): 519-528, 2020; Article no.IJECC.64468 520 weed species to dominate fields because the weeds develop resistance to herbicides. Moreover, some herbicides are destroying weeds that are harmless to crops, resulting in a potential decrease biodiversity. It is important to understand that under an organic system of seed control, weeds will never be eliminated but only managed. Consistent methods of weed management can reduce the costs and contribute to economical crop production without endangers the environment.

Knowledge Systems of Societies for Adaptation and Mitigation of Impacts of Climate Change, Bioremediation of Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) Pollution at HCH Dump Sites,

Abstract: Globally, the period from early the 1950s to late 1980s has shown an increased use of primarily three pesticides namely DDT.

On Wavelet Domain Video Watermarking Techniques

Abstract: The large availability and access of video data for education, entertainment such as games and movies poses several challenges of copyright violation and illegal distribution of data. More specifically, pirated video distribution has been a key threat for such copyright violation. To handle these challenges, watermarking techniques can be used to provide copyright protection. The wide application of wavelet transform in the implementation of image watermarking techniques compelled to discuss wavelet domain video watermarking techniques in this chapter. The present chapter provides an overview of video watermarking techniques in wavelet domain and discusses various methods used for embedding and extraction of watermark. It also provides the description of various attacks and key characteristics of video watermarking techniques with comparative analysis of results for evaluation of the existing methods.

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

Abstract: Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Abstract: The 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine welcomes Anthony Fauci to its editorial staff, in addition to more than 85 new contributors. While the organization of the book is similar to previous editions, major emphasis has been placed on disorders that affect multiple organ systems. Important advances in genetics, immunology, and oncology are emphasized. Many chapters of the book have been rewritten and describe major advances in internal medicine. Subjects that received only a paragraph or two of attention in previous editions are now covered in entire chapters. Among the chapters that have been extensively revised are the chapters on infections in the compromised host, on skin rashes in infections, on many of the viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, on sexually transmitted diseases, on diabetes mellitus, on disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, and on lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. The major revisions in these chapters and many

Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Metal Nanocrystals: Simple Chemistry Meets Complex Physics?

Abstract: Nanocrystals are fundamental to modern science and technology. Mastery over the shape of a nanocrystal enables control of its properties and enhancement of its usefulness for a given application. Our aim is to present a comprehensive review of current research activities that center on the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals. We begin with a brief introduction to nucleation and growth within the context of metal nanocrystal synthesis, followed by a discussion of the possible shapes that a metal nanocrystal might take under different conditions. We then focus on a variety of experimental parameters that have been explored to manipulate the nucleation and growth of metal nanocrystals in solution-phase syntheses in an effort to generate specific shapes. We then elaborate on these approaches by selecting examples in which there is already reasonable understanding for the observed shape control or at least the protocols have proven to be reproducible and controllable. Finally, we highlight a number of applications that have been enabled and/or enhanced by the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals. We conclude this article with personal perspectives on the directions toward which future research in this field might take.