Amit Singh

Bio: Amit Singh is an academic researcher from National Institute of Technology, Patna. The author has contributed to research in topics: Digital watermarking & Watermark. The author has an hindex of 57, co-authored 640 publications receiving 13795 citations. Previous affiliations of Amit Singh include Ithaca College & Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy.

An Overview of Medical Image Fusion in Complex Wavelet Domain

Abstract: Fusion of multisensor images has shown a potential application in various application domains such as security, medical imaging etc. The recent developments in medical imaging sensors have been a great motivation for fusion due to their complementary nature. This chapter aims to address medical image fusion in complex wavelet domain and provides a detailed study of fusion methods. The wavelet transforms based fusion methods are ahead of other methods in terms of signal representation, complementary information and redundancy. These properties make wavelet transforms suitable for multisensory image fusion. The fusion experiments have been demonstrated over several sets of medical images for different fusion rules in complex wavelet domain. Visual and quantitative evaluation of the proposed fusion results with state-of-the-art fusion methods showed the effectiveness and goodness of the complex wavelet transform based fusion methods.

Guest Editorial: Multimedia for Predictive Analytics

Abstract: Recent technological advancements have led to a deluge of multimedia data from distinctivedomains. With the increase in multimedia data generated by Internet, health care, scientificsensors, financial and manufacturing companies has profoundly transformed our society andwill continue to attract diverse attentions from both technological experts and the society ingeneral. The use of multimedia data for predictive analytics is the process of analyzing,meaningful patterns for predictive modeling. Reasons for using predictive analytics Multimed Tools Appl DOI 10.1007/s11042-017-5107-x

Fdm modeled polymer tooling for plastic injection molding

Abstract: Rapid Prototyping is being accepted globally by industries for its potential in saving on process time and cost. Rapid Tooling helps Rapid Prototyping grow beyond its conventional Feel & Fit status to Feel Fit Function status and is increasingly becoming popular. However, potential of rapid prototyping for normal production run is still not being realized. In that situation Rapid Tooling becomes a viable alternative. The greatest opportunity for rapid tooling implementation is the use of Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology. Further, polymer based direct rapid tooling provide large cost reduction and can also be readily accessible by industries. With the advances in materials along with the new access and low cost plastic basedAM equipment, direct use Polymer Rapid Tools (PRTs) would be a far more advantageous option in creating injection molds for low and highly flexible production. However, the use of polymer based direct rapid tooling by industries is curtailed due to the issues with the dimensional stability of the polymer based rapid tooling molds. Apart from dimensional tolerances, there are also issues with the life of these polymer based mold as they wear fast and are also not able to sustain high injection pressures in an Injection molding machine. Another, major problem with the polymer based rapid tooling is the poor thermal conductivity of polymeric materials due to which there is an increase in the cooling time and ultimately leading to decrease in productivity. Therefore, before proposing polymer based rapid tooling as a solution to industries to cut down the product development time and bring down the costs, a thorough study of the issues related to the same is imperative. This paper investigates the dimensional accuracy of striker component produced by ABS mold inserts. For dimensional accuracy a reverse engineering technique3D scanning is used which is compared with CAD file and inspected with COMET plus software. Further, the outputs are validated with vernier caliper. The mold insert is manufactured by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology which is used on injection molding machine

On the Behavior of Self-Triplexing SIW Cavity Backed Antenna With Non-Linear Replicated Hybrid Slot for C and X-Band Applications

Abstract: In this paper, a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based self-triplexing antenna (STA) with non-linear replicated hybrid slot (NLR-HS) is presented. To the author’s best knowledge, the concept of NLR is the first of its kind in the literature used for obtaining self-triplexed operation. Initially, the SIW cavity is loaded by a hexagonal slot merged with two rectangular transverse slots that together produce two distinct resonances around 5.23 and 7.50 GHz. The variation in resonant frequencies of both lower and upper frequency bands can be modelled by applying NLR on the hexagonal slot. To achieve the self-triplexing operation, a coaxial probe-fed parasitic hexagonal patch is placed concentrically inside the hexagonal slot. The third resonance is centered around 10.82 GHz and can be modelled with the help of the gap between the hexagonal slot and parasitic patch.To validate the proposed idea, the design is fabricated and experimentally tested. Moreover, the antenna shows a front-to-back ratio (FTBR) better than 25 dB, average isolation of 43 dB and measured gain (efficiency) values of 7.33 (97.39%), 6.66 (95.82%), and 6.28 (97.83%) dBi at three resonances. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results makes the proposed STA a good candidate for practical applications.

Comparison of the Efficacy of the Cartridge-Based Nucleic Amplification (CBNAAT)/Xpert Test and Histology of Genital Tissues in Diagnosing Female Genital Tuberculosis.

Abstract: Background Diagnosing female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is very difficult by routine laboratory investigations. Collecting tissues from genital structures, especially from tubes for histology, is impossible. The cartridge-based nucleic amplification (CBNAAT)/Xpert RIF test is a new polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method that is quick and may diagnose FGTB from any tissue type; however, it should not be contaminated with blood. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of CBNAAT and the histology of genital tissue in suspected cases. Materials and methods This was a prospective study of the diagnostic efficacy of 91 cases of suspected FGTB randomly selected from March 2018 to September 2019 at a rural tertiary care center. Endometrial tissue collected in 86 patients (59 infertility, 27 menstrual irregularities) and tubal/peritoneal tissue from hysterectomy or laparotomy specimens of five participants who underwent surgery were sent for histopathological analysis and CBNAAT and the results were evaluated and compared. Results There were 59 (64.83%) and 32 (35.2%) cases of infertility and menstrual irregularities, respectively. Primary infertility (38; 41.75%) was the most common complaint. Endometrial biopsies (EB) of two (2.23%) cases were found positive for tuberculosis (TB) both on histopathological examination (HPE) and CBNAAT. In addition, both patients had primary infertility. Of the 32 cases with menstrual abnormalities (27 EB and three tubal tissue, two peritoneal and nodular tissue), none were found to be positive for TB on HPE or CBNAAT. A highly significant association was found between histopathology and CBNAAT (p<0.0001) in the endometrial tissue of infertile patients. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were 100% for CBNAAT, with reference to histopathology. Conclusion We recommend CBNAAT for the early detection of FGTB, with the added advantage of early results, minimal technical expertise, and detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB).

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

Abstract: Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Abstract: The 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine welcomes Anthony Fauci to its editorial staff, in addition to more than 85 new contributors. While the organization of the book is similar to previous editions, major emphasis has been placed on disorders that affect multiple organ systems. Important advances in genetics, immunology, and oncology are emphasized. Many chapters of the book have been rewritten and describe major advances in internal medicine. Subjects that received only a paragraph or two of attention in previous editions are now covered in entire chapters. Among the chapters that have been extensively revised are the chapters on infections in the compromised host, on skin rashes in infections, on many of the viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, on sexually transmitted diseases, on diabetes mellitus, on disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, and on lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. The major revisions in these chapters and many

Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Metal Nanocrystals: Simple Chemistry Meets Complex Physics?

Abstract: Nanocrystals are fundamental to modern science and technology. Mastery over the shape of a nanocrystal enables control of its properties and enhancement of its usefulness for a given application. Our aim is to present a comprehensive review of current research activities that center on the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals. We begin with a brief introduction to nucleation and growth within the context of metal nanocrystal synthesis, followed by a discussion of the possible shapes that a metal nanocrystal might take under different conditions. We then focus on a variety of experimental parameters that have been explored to manipulate the nucleation and growth of metal nanocrystals in solution-phase syntheses in an effort to generate specific shapes. We then elaborate on these approaches by selecting examples in which there is already reasonable understanding for the observed shape control or at least the protocols have proven to be reproducible and controllable. Finally, we highlight a number of applications that have been enabled and/or enhanced by the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals. We conclude this article with personal perspectives on the directions toward which future research in this field might take.