抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

The 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine welcomes Anthony Fauci to its editorial staff, in addition to more than 85 new contributors. While the organization of the book is similar to previous editions, major emphasis has been placed on disorders that affect multiple organ systems. Important advances in genetics, immunology, and oncology are emphasized. Many chapters of the book have been rewritten and describe major advances in internal medicine. Subjects that received only a paragraph or two of attention in previous editions are now covered in entire chapters. Among the chapters that have been extensively revised are the chapters on infections in the compromised host, on skin rashes in infections, on many of the viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, on sexually transmitted diseases, on diabetes mellitus, on disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, and on lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. The major revisions in these chapters and many

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction

Nanocrystals are fundamental to modern science and technology. Mastery over the shape of a nanocrystal enables control of its properties and enhancement of its usefulness for a given application. Our aim is to present a comprehensive review of current research activities that center on the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals. We begin with a brief introduction to nucleation and growth within the context of metal nanocrystal synthesis, followed by a discussion of the possible shapes that a metal nanocrystal might take under different conditions. We then focus on a variety of experimental parameters that have been explored to manipulate the nucleation and growth of metal nanocrystals in solution-phase syntheses in an effort to generate specific shapes. We then elaborate on these approaches by selecting examples in which there is already reasonable understanding for the observed shape control or at least the protocols have proven to be reproducible and controllable. Finally, we highlight a number of applications that have been enabled and/or enhanced by the shape-controlled synthesis of metal nanocrystals. We conclude this article with personal perspectives on the directions toward which future research in this field might take.

Shape‐Controlled Synthesis of Metal Nanocrystals: Simple Chemistry Meets Complex Physics?

5-chloro-3'-nitro-4'-cyclohexylaminosalicylanilide: a new cestodicidal agent.

Wide gain enhanced band high gain Fabry–Perot cavity antenna using ultrathin reflecting metasurface

Translation of nanoparticle-based therapeutics from preclinical to clinical stage has seen slow progress compared with their small molecules counterparts primarily due to lack of suitable technologies that can map the high-throughput combinatorial chemistry-based approach of molecule design. Our improved understanding of materials chemistry and process control parameters, however, has recently led to a surge in the application of combinatorial design to develop a library of materials for synthesizing nanoparticles. Combinatorial chemistry of materials uses a common backbone of starting materials with the aim of developing different “building blocks” that possess the desired individual property. These individual blocks can have properties such as enhanced encapsulation of the therapeutic moiety, protection against biological barriers, improved in vivo residence time, or diagnostic component to obtain a theranostic system. These individual blocks can be “mixed and matched” to obtain a library of nanoparticle formulations, which have a combination of properties owing to the individual components. Such library of formulations can be screened for desired physical and biochemical characteristics and can be further challenged with in vitro and in vivo tests for candidate selection. This chapter will specifically focus on the use of polymeric backbone to develop a library of novel materials and their subsequent biomedical applications. The illustrative examples from preclinical studies cement the promise of the field and highlight the strength of this approach toward developing next-generation nanotherapeutics.

Combinatorial Approach in Rationale Design of Polymeric Nanomedicines for Cancer

The rapidly growing field of digital contents (image, audio, and video) has incited the need of copyright protection and content authentication, which can be used to verify against any unlawful attempt to either reproduce or juggle them in order to change their identity Digital watermarking is a method providing a best result to the trouble of copyright protection and content authentication of digital contents However, the digital contents can be easily obtained or facsimiled, misrepresented, distributed and stored In this paper, we present the image watermarking method depends on the two most popular transform methods such as discrete wavelet transforms (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) Based on observations, this algorithm combines the advantages and removes the disadvantages of these two transforms techniques Also, we compare the results obtained from different wavelet filters against the number of signal processing attacks This scheme is provides robust watermark without degradation of image quality

Performance comparison of wavelet filters against signal processing attacks

With the increase in point of care services, communication of digital patient records through open network has multi-folded. This digital data is used to obtain the remote medical assistance from the smart healthcare centres. Protecting this data during transmission is a very big challenge. One of the most important medical data is electrocardiogram (ECG) signal which detects the cardiovascular diseases and any alteration in the signal may affect the diagnosis. In this work, an ECG watermarking based on redundant discrete wavelet transform (RDWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) is developed. First, the ECG signal is converted into 2-D matrix using pan-tompkins algorithm. Then, we use the hybrid of RDWT and SVD to conceal the patient data and logo image into the 2-D ECG image. We also use hybrid of optimization scheme to improve the robustness of the watermark. Preliminary experimental results indicate the optimal invisibility and robustness result is more effective up to 97.89% than the traditional schemes respectively, which makes it suitable for ownership authentication of ECG signal.

/pdf/optimization-based-ecg-watermarking-in-rdwt-svd-domain-4on6u1ulco.pdf

Amit Singh

Papers

5-chloro-3'-nitro-4'-cyclohexylaminosalicylanilide: a new cestodicidal agent.

Wide gain enhanced band high gain Fabry–Perot cavity antenna using ultrathin reflecting metasurface

Combinatorial Approach in Rationale Design of Polymeric Nanomedicines for Cancer

Performance comparison of wavelet filters against signal processing attacks

Optimization based ECG watermarking in RDWT-SVD domain