Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction

動注化学療法における pharmacokinetics と臨床

The process of photosynthesis is initiated by the capture of sunlight by a network of light-absorbing molecules (chromophores), which are also responsible for the subsequent funneling of the excitation energy to the reaction centers. Through evolution, genetic drift, and speciation, photosynthetic organisms have discovered many solutions for light harvesting. In this review, we describe the underlying photophysical principles by which this energy is absorbed, as well as the mechanisms of electronic excitation energy transfer (EET). First, optical properties of the individual pigment chromophores present in light-harvesting antenna complexes are introduced, and then we examine the collective behavior of pigment−pigment and pigment−protein interactions. The description of energy transfer, in particular multichromophoric antenna structures, is shown to vary depending on the spatial and energetic landscape, which dictates the relative coupling strength between constituent pigment molecules. In the latter half...

Light Absorption and Energy Transfer in the Antenna Complexes of Photosynthetic Organisms.

6 – Chlorophyll Fluorescence: An Intrinsic Probe of Photosynthesis

Biopolymer aerogels were among the first aerogels produced, but only in the last decade has research on biopolymer and biopolymer-composite aerogels become popular, motivated by sustainability arguments, their unique and tunable properties, and ease of functionalization. Biopolymer aerogels and open-cell foams have great potential for classical aerogel applications such as thermal insulation, as well as emerging applications in filtration, oil-water separation, CO2 capture, catalysis, and medicine. The biopolymer aerogel field today is driven forward by empirical materials discovery at the laboratory scale, but requires a firmer theoretical basis and pilot studies to close the gap to market. This Review includes a database with over 3800 biopolymer aerogel properties, evaluates the state of the biopolymer aerogel field, and critically discusses the scientific, technological, and commercial barriers to the commercialization of these exciting materials.

Biopolymer Aerogels and Foams: Chemistry, Properties, and Applications.

Environmental contamination due to hazardous waste has become a sophisticated problem all over the world, including India. The manufacturing of products with low environmental impact is known as sustainable green production. It generally involves low raw material cost, reduction of environmental impact and increasing the efficiency of production to reduce waste generation. Efficient collection of waste from end users for the purpose of obtaining value and effective disposal is known as sustainable green logistics. Sustainable green logistics involve getting maximum value from waste and size reduction of landfills without affecting the environment. Sustainable green technology has a wide range of applications in environmental protection and waste management. The utilization of organic waste (food scraps) for the production of biodegradable thermoplastic is a novel technology. In sustainable green technological approach, the process of collecting, transporting, segregating, distributing and disposing of the waste sustainably is known as waste management.

Implementation of Sustainable Green Technologies in Waste Management

Objective: The objective of the work was to formulate coated microbeads using core-coat technique for chronotherapeutic delivery of Carvedilol (cd). Methods: Sodium alginate microbeads containing cd was formulated by ionic gelation method using calcium chloride as a gelling agent. Microbeads were then coated with acrylcoat L 100 (acL 100), acrylcoat S 100 (acS 100), ethyl cellulose (EC), and acrylcoat E30 D (acE 30D) in different ratio. Formulated batches were evaluated using FTIR, particle size measurement, percent entrapment efficiency, micrometric properties, swelling studies, loose surface crystal studies, percentage moisture loss. The formulations were then subjected to in vitro dissolution studies. Cumulative release data was then subjected to different dissolution models reported in the literature. Results: Formulated batches of microbeads were within acceptable particle size range with good to fair flow properties. Entrapment efficiency was in the range of 64% to 99.52%. Loose surface crystal study revealed successful drug entrapment within a range of 2.11 to 9.93%. Swelling studies revealed maximum swelling in alkaline phosphate buffer pH 7.4 solution and percentage moisture loss was within 0.24% to 7.55%. SEM showed microbeads to be spherical in nature and FTIR study exhibited compatibility among the drug and polymer. In vitro release study was carried out for first 3 h in 0.1N HCl and subsequently for 7 h in phosphate buffer solution pH 7.4. Formulation code AC3, AC4, LA4 and LA6 were found in line with our objective of chronotherapeutic drug delivery. Conclusion: Sodium alginate beads loaded with cd and coated with different ratios of coating solutions were successfully formulated and evaluated to optimize the best possible combinations of the coat-core ratio for chronotherapeutic delivery.

A novel core-coat chronotherapeutic technique for effective delivery of antihypertensive drug

Feasibility of utilizing cryogenic technology to improve the shearability of Al2024-T351 alloy is experimentally investigated by carrying out a single grit scratch-grinding test. A single grit brazed diamond grinding tool is developed for the study. Al2024-T351 work specimens are treated with liquid nitrogen for 6 hours before the scratch test. Although there was no significant change in the tensile strength of the material, the surface experiences change in the microhardness. It helps in arresting the side flow and ploughing of the material during high speed scratch grinding. The scratched grooves on cryo-treated samples, compare to those of untreated specimens, shows signs of cleaner shear-cuts, superior finish and produces less grinding force during grinding

Amitava Ghosh

Papers

Implementation of Sustainable Green Technologies in Waste Management

A novel core-coat chronotherapeutic technique for effective delivery of antihypertensive drug

On Material Removal Mechanism in High Speed Single Grit Scratch-Grinding of Cryo-Treated Al2024-T351 Aluminium Alloy