Author
Ana Bušić
Other affiliations: Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation, PSL Research University
Bio: Ana Bušić is an academic researcher from École Normale Supérieure. The author has contributed to research in topics: Markov chain & Markov process. The author has an hindex of 19, co-authored 130 publications receiving 1648 citations. Previous affiliations of Ana Bušić include Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University & French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation.
Topics: Markov chain, Markov process, Grid, Bipartite graph, Energy storage
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: A quantitative analysis of the pioneering large-scale bicycle sharing system, Vélib' in Paris, France, provides key insights on the functioning of such systems and serves to inform policy makers in other urban communities wanting to explore bicycle-sharing systems.
303 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a distributed control for automated demand response that can be used by grid operators as ancillary service for maintaining demand-supply balance is proposed, motivated by the need for decentralized decision making, and the need to avoid synchronization that can lead to large and detrimental spikes in demand.
Abstract: Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power have a high degree of unpredictability and time-variation, which makes balancing demand and supply challenging. One possible way to address this challenge is to harness the inherent flexibility in demand of many types of loads. Introduced in this paper is a technique for decentralized control for automated demand response that can be used by grid operators as ancillary service for maintaining demand-supply balance. A randomized control architecture is proposed, motivated by the need for decentralized decision making, and the need to avoid synchronization that can lead to large and detrimental spikes in demand. An aggregate model for a large number of loads is then developed by examining the mean field limit. A key innovation is a linear time-invariant (LTI) system approximation of the aggregate nonlinear model, with a scalar signal as the input and a measure of the aggregate demand as the output. This makes the approximation particularly convenient for control design at the grid level.
201 citations
10 Dec 2013
TL;DR: This work focuses on pool pumps, and how they can be used to provide ancillary service to the grid for maintaining demand-supply balance, and introduces a Markovian Decision Process model for an individual pool pump.
Abstract: Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power have a high degree of unpredictability and time-variation, which makes balancing demand and supply challenging. One possible way to address this challenge is to harness the inherent flexibility in demand of many types of loads. We focus on pool pumps, and how they can be used to provide ancillary service to the grid for maintaining demand-supply balance. A Markovian Decision Process (MDP) model is introduced for an individual pool pump. A randomized control architecture is proposed, motivated by the need for decentralized decision making, and the need to avoid synchronization that can lead to large and detrimental spikes in demand. An aggregate model for a large number of pools is then developed by examining the mean field limit. A key innovation is an LTI-system approximation of the aggregate nonlinear model, with a scalar signal as the input and a measure of the aggregate demand as the output. This makes the approximation particularly convenient for control design at the grid level. Simulations are provided to illustrate the accuracy of the approximations and effectiveness of the proposed control approach.
84 citations
TL;DR: A Loynes type scheme is used to show that if the system is stable there is a unique matching of the sequence over all the integers and dynamic reversibility is shown: if in every matched pair the authors exchange the positions of the items the resulting permuted sequences are again independent and i.i.d. is FCFS in reversed time.
Abstract: The model of FCFS infinite bipartite matching was introduced in [10]. In this model there is a sequence of items that are chosen i.i.d. from C = {c1,. .. , cI } and an independent sequence of items that are chosen i.i.d. from S = {s1,. .. , sJ }, and a bipartite compatibility graph G between C and S. Items of the two sequences are matched according to the compatibility graph, and the matching is FCFS, each item in the one sequence is matched to the earliest compatible unmatched item in the other sequence. In [4] a Markov chain associated with the matching was analyzed, a condition for stability was verified, a product form stationary distribution was derived and and the rates rc i ,s j of matches between compatible types ci and sj were calculated. In the current paper we present further results on this model. We use a Loynes type scheme to show that if the system is stable there is a unique matching of the sequence over all the integers. We show dynamic reversibility: if in every matched pair we exchange the positions of the items the resulting permuted sequences are again independent and i.i.d., and the matching between them is FCFS in reversed time. We use these results to derive stationary distributions of various Markov chains associated with the model. We also calculate the distribution of the link lengths between matched items.
56 citations
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: An emerging science for demand dispatch that will create virtual energy storage from flexible loads is described, which will be as controllable and predictable as a generator or fleet of batteries.
Abstract: Inexpensive energy from the wind and the sun comes with unwanted volatility, such as ramps with the setting sun or a gust of wind. Controllable generators manage supply-demand balance of power today, but this is becoming increasingly costly with increasing penetration of renewable energy. It has been argued since the 1980s that consumers should be put in the loop: “demand response” will help to create needed supply-demand balance. However, consumers use power for a reason and expect that the quality of service (QoS) they receive will lie within reasonable bounds. Moreover, the behavior of some consumers is unpredictable, while the grid operator requires predictable controllable resources to maintain reliability. The goal of this chapter is to describe an emerging science for demand dispatch that will create virtual energy storage from flexible loads. By design, the grid-level services from flexible loads will be as controllable and predictable as a generator or fleet of batteries. Strict bounds on QoS will be maintained in all cases. The potential economic impact of these new resources is enormous. California plans to spend billions of dollars on batteries that will provide only a small fraction of the balancing services that can be obtained using demand dispatch. The potential impact on society is enormous: a sustainable energy future is possible with the right mix of infrastructure and control systems.
48 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the effect of local derivatives on the detection of intensity edges in images, where the local difference of intensities is computed for each pixel in the image.
Abstract: Most of the signal processing that we will study in this course involves local operations on a signal, namely transforming the signal by applying linear combinations of values in the neighborhood of each sample point. You are familiar with such operations from Calculus, namely, taking derivatives and you are also familiar with this from optics namely blurring a signal. We will be looking at sampled signals only. Let's start with a few basic examples. Local difference Suppose we have a 1D image and we take the local difference of intensities, DI(x) = 1 2 (I(x + 1) − I(x − 1)) which give a discrete approximation to a partial derivative. (We compute this for each x in the image.) What is the effect of such a transformation? One key idea is that such a derivative would be useful for marking positions where the intensity changes. Such a change is called an edge. It is important to detect edges in images because they often mark locations at which object properties change. These can include changes in illumination along a surface due to a shadow boundary, or a material (pigment) change, or a change in depth as when one object ends and another begins. The computational problem of finding intensity edges in images is called edge detection. We could look for positions at which DI(x) has a large negative or positive value. Large positive values indicate an edge that goes from low to high intensity, and large negative values indicate an edge that goes from high to low intensity. Example Suppose the image consists of a single (slightly sloped) edge:
1,829 citations
TL;DR: The concept of urban computing is introduced, discussing its general framework and key challenges from the perspective of computer sciences, and the typical technologies that are needed in urban computing are summarized into four folds.
Abstract: Urbanization's rapid progress has modernized many people's lives but also engendered big issues, such as traffic congestion, energy consumption, and pollution. Urban computing aims to tackle these issues by using the data that has been generated in cities (e.g., traffic flow, human mobility, and geographical data). Urban computing connects urban sensing, data management, data analytics, and service providing into a recurrent process for an unobtrusive and continuous improvement of people's lives, city operation systems, and the environment. Urban computing is an interdisciplinary field where computer sciences meet conventional city-related fields, like transportation, civil engineering, environment, economy, ecology, and sociology in the context of urban spaces. This article first introduces the concept of urban computing, discussing its general framework and key challenges from the perspective of computer sciences. Second, we classify the applications of urban computing into seven categories, consisting of urban planning, transportation, the environment, energy, social, economy, and public safety and security, presenting representative scenarios in each category. Third, we summarize the typical technologies that are needed in urban computing into four folds, which are about urban sensing, urban data management, knowledge fusion across heterogeneous data, and urban data visualization. Finally, we give an outlook on the future of urban computing, suggesting a few research topics that are somehow missing in the community.
1,290 citations
TL;DR: Digital Control Of Dynamic Systems This well-respected, market-leading text discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems with an emphasis on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic response and small errors while using signals that are sampled in time and quantized in amplitude.
Abstract: Digital Control Of Dynamic Systems This well-respected, market-leading text discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems. The emphasis is on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic response and small errors while using signals that are sampled in time and quantized in amplitude. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems (3rd Edition): Franklin ... This well-respected, market-leading text discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems. The emphasis is on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic response and small errors while using signals that are sampled in time and quantized in amplitude. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems: Gene F. Franklin ... Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, 2nd Edition. Gene F. Franklin, Stanford University. J. David Powell, Stanford University Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, 2nd Edition Pearson This well-respected work discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems. The emphasis is on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic response and small errors while using signals that are sampled in time and quantized in amplitude. MATLAB statements and problems are thoroughly and carefully integrated throughout the book to offer readers a complete design picture. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, 3rd Edition ... Digital control of dynamic systems | Gene F. Franklin, J. David Powell, Michael L. Workman | download | B–OK. Download books for free. Find books Digital control of dynamic systems | Gene F. Franklin, J ... Abstract This well-respected work discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems. The emphasis is on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic... (PDF) Digital Control of Dynamic Systems Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, Addison.pdf There is document Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, Addison.pdfavailable here for reading and downloading. Use the download button below or simple online reader. The file extension PDFand ranks to the Documentscategory. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, Addison.pdf Download ... Automatic control is the science that develops techniques to steer, guide, control dynamic systems. These systems are built by humans and must perform a specific task. Examples of such dynamic systems are found in biology, physics, robotics, finance, etc. Digital Control means that the control laws are implemented in a digital device, such as a microcontroller or a microprocessor. Introduction to Digital Control of Dynamic Systems And ... The discussions are clear, nomenclature is not hard to follow and there are plenty of worked examples. The book covers discretization effects and design by emulation (i.e. design of continuous-time control system followed by discretization before implementation) which are not to be found on every book on digital control. Amazon.com: Customer reviews: Digital Control of Dynamic ... Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Digital Control of Dynamic Systems (3rd Edition) at Amazon.com. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. Amazon.com: Customer reviews: Digital Control of Dynamic ... 1.1.2 Digital control Digital control systems employ a computer as a fundamental component in the controller. The computer typically receives a measurement of the controlled variable, also often receives the reference input, and produces its output using an algorithm. Introduction to Applied Digital Control From the Back Cover This well-respected, marketleading text discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems. The emphasis is on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic response and small errors while using signals that are sampled in time and quantized in amplitude. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems (3rd Edition) Test Bank `Among the advantages of digital logic for control are the increased flexibility `of the control programs and the decision-making or logic capability of digital `systems, which can be combined with the dynamic control function to meet `other system requirements. `The digital controls studied in this book are for closed-loop (feedback) Every day, eBookDaily adds three new free Kindle books to several different genres, such as Nonfiction, Business & Investing, Mystery & Thriller, Romance, Teens & Young Adult, Children's Books, and others.
902 citations
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01 Sep 2014
TL;DR: It is quite impossible to include in a single volume of reasonable size, an adequate and exhaustive discussion of the calculus in its more advanced stages, so it becomes necessary, in planning a thoroughly sound course in the subject, to consider several important aspects of the vast field confronting a modern writer.
Abstract: WITH the ever-widening scope of modern mathematical analysis and its many ramifications, it is quite impossible to include, in a single volume of reasonable size, an adequate and exhaustive discussion of the calculus in its more advanced stages. It therefore becomes necessary, in planning a thoroughly sound course in the subject, to consider several important aspects of the vast field confronting a modern writer. The limitation of space renders the selection of subject-matter fundamentally dependent upon the aim of the course, which may or may not be related to the content of specific examination syllabuses. Logical development, too, may lead to the inclusion of many topics which, at present, may only be of academic interest, while others, of greater practical value, may have to be omitted. The experience and training of the writer may also have, more or less, a bearing on both these considerations.Advanced CalculusBy Dr. C. A. Stewart. Pp. xviii + 523. (London: Methuen and Co., Ltd., 1940.) 25s.
881 citations
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TL;DR: This chapter sees how the simplex method simplifies when it is applied to a class of optimization problems that are known as “network flow models” and finds an optimal solution that is integer-valued.
Abstract: In this chapter, you will see how the simplex method simplifies when it is applied to a class of optimization problems that are known as “network flow models.” You will also see that if a network flow model has “integer-valued data,” the simplex method finds an optimal solution that is integer-valued.
828 citations