Modern scientific approaches to modeling the schemes and schedules of traffic in the city, as well as the tasks and disadvantages of modern software products for modeling such schemes are considered in the article. It is established that the definition of approaches to optimizing the route network of urban freight traffic between time and distance of the trip has not been fully explored. On the basis of analysis methods, computer simulation and statistical analysis methods, an advanced approach for determining the criterion of optimization of freight transportation between the length of the route and the time of the trip was developed. The proposed approach takes into account the intensity of the traffic flow in individual sections of the road network. With the help of comparison of the basic indicators of the functioning of the modeled routes optimized by two criteria, the approach for determining the optimization of the length of the route or the time of the trip was defined.

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Management of Freight Transport Projects in Cities in Assessing Their Effectiveness

The object of research is the road network based on the example of the existing network in Ukraine. During the audit of the main parameters affecting the performance of the transport systems, the mileage of vehicles is determined. It is established that road networks stipulate not only the actual distance between its nodes, but also the potential parameters of the characteristics of traffic of vehicles over the network. Disadvantages of road networks are their cost, limited bandwidth and pattern. In the course of the research of the road network pattern, the methods of network analysis and graph theory are used. A matrix of the shortest distances between regional centers of Ukraine is calculated. As a result of the research it is shown that transportation to Kherson, Odesa or Simferopol is carried out on routes that are on average 44 %, 46 % and 64 % more than possible if there is an appropriate road network. It is determined that the quality of the transport network pattern can be described by the straightness coefficient. The definition of the straightness coefficient of the road network is given. Calculations of the values have established that in the considered network this coefficient takes values from 0.24 to 0.64. The investigated road network offers the organization of communication between the cities of Kharkiv and Cherkasy with the straightness coefficient of the road network – 0.6.

/pdf/influence-of-features-of-the-transport-network-pattern-on-m74v12ykzg.pdf

Influence of features of the transport network pattern on the haul cycle length between its nodes on the example of the transport network of Ukraine

This paper is based on some indicators of the Transport and Environment Reporting Mechanism (TERM) of the European Environment Agency (EEA). It explores the environmental impacts of interurban (i.e. long-distance) passenger demand in Europe, and their policy implications. The different transport modes are examined, with a focus on car and air travel. The topics analysed include (1) the evidence for peak-travel in interurban car travel, (2) induced intra-European air travel demand based on low-cost strategies, (3) stagnation and decline in the number of long-distance trips travelled per capita, and (4) the influence of population trends. The analysis is based on the review of recent trends, focusing on differences and similarities among European countries and the influence of the economic downturn. Long-distance transport has a disproportionate environmental impact compared to the number of trips involved. This is a logical consequence of the distance travelled, and means that a comparatively reduced number of personal decisions account for a substantial part of greenhouse gases (GHG) transport emissions in Europe. There is significant potential in terms of reducing the environmental pressure of transport activities by curbing current demand patterns. The environmental impacts of long distance passenger transport include impacts of a local, regional and global character. Local impacts are due to conflicts among long-distance flows or key transport nodes, and their surrounding areas; impacts of a regional character include air pollutant emissions, and must be addressed with protective strategies at the appropriate spatial level, like in the case of mountainous areas; global impacts, and particularly GHG emissions, are still difficult to assess, jeopardised by many data limitations that are described in the paper. The main variables explaining long distance transport demand include population patterns (including migration trends), induced demand, as a consequence of falling prices due to the yield management strategies of a growing number of long-distance transport operators; and changes in a part of the population, and particularly the young, away from traditional high-mobility lifestyles. In all these areas there seems to be much potential for policy action at the national and EU level.

Exploring the Sustainability Challenges of Long-distance Passenger Trends in Europe

The speed of communication on any route, directly and indirectly through the function of redistribution of traffic volumes, causes an increase in the number of movements, traffic volumes, transport work, in the network of the appropriate type, at the same time the values of the medium system coefficient of passenger capacity use and the number of vehicles may vary both in the direction of the increase and vice versa. The results of the calculations of the basic parameters of the functioning of intercity passenger route systems for various values of the speed of communication on intercity railway routes established the appropriate mathematical model for determining the parameters of this passenger communication. The conducted analysis of simulation methods has determined the possibility of using for the determination of quantitative parameters for changing the basic indicators of the operation of the system of intercity passenger route methods of mathematical and computer simulation. The results of the work determined the basic indicators of the functioning of the system of intercity passenger route transportation. These indicators include: the number of movements in the network; volume of transportation; transfer ratio; transport work; average distance of the route; average distance of the network ride; medium coefficient of passenger capacity use; required number of buses / cars. According to the analysis of the methods and models of calculations of the basic indicators of the functioning of the system of intercity passenger traffic, it was assumed that the change in the quantitative characteristics of the parameters entering into the system or the quantitative characteristics of its elements may lead to a change in the quantitative indicators of the functioning of the system itself or its individual elements.

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Theoretical Foundations of Intercity Railway Communication

: Modern conditions of operation of vehicles determine the need to control this process in real time. All participants in the operational process are interested in such data. The customer of the ride requires information about the location of the vehicle and its estimated time of arrival. The carrier and the state traffic safety authorities need to monitor compliance with the operating rules and the traffic schedule. The article provides a critical analysis of the modern use of geographic information systems in the operation of vehicles. To achieve this result, scientific publications of 2021 were used, which were placed in the world scientometric databases. Such selection criteria among the variety of published scientific works allow using the most significant achievements of the modern scientific society. As a result of studying modern scientific thought in the described issues and a systematic analysis of the results obtained by scientists, promising directions for the development of geographic information systems in the operation of transport means were established. Solved and unsolved problems of modern processes in the operation of transport means are determined. As a result of the work, the scientific and practical relevance of the use of monitoring systems for the operation of transport means when using geoinformation technologies has been proven.

Determination of Promising Directions for the Development of Geographic Information Systems in the Operation of Vehicles

The modern scientific approaches to the issue of establishing passenger correspondence using public routes between regional centers are investigated. The results of the analysis of the existing methods for calculating the correspondence of passengers find the impossibility of their implementation without a preliminary study of the features of the system and formalization of corrective coefficients - the components of the gravity functions. It is established that at present in the world practice gravitational modeling is used for forecasting the indicators of interregional passenger transport correspondence.An empirical method is used to establish the parameters of the quantitative index of the gravity function. Unlike previous researchers, used for the invention of the parameters of the function of the attraction approach allows to obtain new knowledge about the studied system. Without the use of automated or non-automated means for examining the correspondence of passengers, it is possible to obtain indicators of the parameters of the experimental system without the influence of the human factor and any time interval.The obtained research results provide an opportunity to carry out calculations of the correspondence of passengers between the regional centers of Ukraine on the routes of general transport using the gravity model. Unknown parameters of gravity function are established in the conducted research. They provide an opportunity in forecasting the correspondence of passengers in the investigated system.

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Anastasiia Botsman

Papers

Investigation of Approaches to Modeling of Intercity Passenger Transportation System