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Andrea Bandiziol

Other affiliations: University of Udine
Bio: Andrea Bandiziol is an academic researcher from Infineon Technologies. The author has contributed to research in topics: Equalization (audio) & Transmitter. The author has an hindex of 5, co-authored 14 publications receiving 111 citations. Previous affiliations of Andrea Bandiziol include University of Udine.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The usefulness of the method is demonstrated by performing, for the first time in a commercial TCAD environment, a full 2-D analysis of ISFET operation, and a comparison between threshold voltage and drain current differential sensitivities in the linear and saturation regimes.
Abstract: We propose a new approach to describe in commercial TCAD the chemical reactions that occur at dielectric/electrolyte interface and make the ion sensitive FET (ISFET) sensitive to pH. The accuracy of the proposed method is successfully verified against the available experimental data. We demonstrate the usefulness of the method by performing, for the first time in a commercial TCAD environment, a full 2-D analysis of ISFET operation, and a comparison between threshold voltage and drain current differential sensitivities in the linear and saturation regimes. The method paves the way to accurate and efficient ISFET modeling with standard TCAD tools.

77 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The ability of the chip to reach high upper frequency of operation is demonstrated, thus overcoming the low-frequency Debye screening limit at nearly physiological salt concentrations in the electrolyte, and allowing for detection of events occurring beyond the extent of the electrical double layer.
Abstract: We describe the realization of a fully electronic label-free temperature-controlled biosensing platform aimed to overcome the Debye screening limit over a wide range of electrolyte salt concentrations. It is based on an improved version of a 90-nm CMOS-integrated circuit featuring a nanocapacitor array, readout and A/D conversion circuitry, and a field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based interface board with NIOS II soft processor. We describe chip's processing, mounting, microfluidics, temperature control system, as well as the calibration and compensation procedures to reduce systematic errors, which altogether make up a complete quantitative sensor platform. Capacitance spectra recorded up to 70 MHz are shown and successfully compared to predictions by finite element method (FEM) numerical simulations in the Poisson–Drift–Diffusion formalism. They demonstrate the ability of the chip to reach high upper frequency of operation, thus overcoming the low-frequency Debye screening limit at nearly physiological salt concentrations in the electrolyte, and allowing for detection of events occurring beyond the extent of the electrical double layer. Furthermore, calibrated multifrequency measurements enable quantitative recording of capacitance spectra, whose features can reveal new properties of the analytes. The scalability of the electrode dimensions, interelectrode pitch, and size of the array make this sensing approach of quite general applicability, even in a non-bio context (e.g., gas sensing).

46 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Jan 2018
TL;DR: The physical layer of a high-speed serial interface for chip-to-chip communication, targeting low cost and ultra-low power IoT end-nodes, is reported, designed to tolerate significant clock jitter and minimize area and power of supporting circuitry.
Abstract: We report on the design of the physical layer of a high-speed serial interface for chip-to-chip communication, targeting low cost and ultra-low power (mW) IoT end-nodes. Two differential lanes (one pair per direction) are used to transmit/receive NRZ symbols at 1Gpbs with embedded clock. The energy-per-bit is lower than 1pJ/bit, thanks to a careful selection of termination impedance and voltage swing, tuned for moderate speed and short distance (2cm). The transceiver is designed to tolerate significant clock jitter, so that it can work with a half-rate clock shared with the rest of the chip, thereby minimizing area and power of supporting circuitry.

9 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Oct 2016
TL;DR: The proposed transmitter features feed-forward equalization with 8 taps, whose strength is programmable with 16 discretization steps, optimizing the transmitter adaptability with reduced area and achieves a remarkably low 2.25 pJ/bit total power consumption.
Abstract: This work describes the design of a transmitter for a 10 Gbps serial interface to be used in automotive Electronic Control Units. The data rate is chosen in order to assess the design challenges in automotive environment at this frequency. The focus will be mainly on challenges related to transistor level design using a standard 28 nm technology, nevertheless a system level overview will be also given. The proposed transmitter features feed-forward equalization with 8 taps (1 pre-cursor and 6 post-cursors, plus the main tap), whose strength is programmable with 16 discretization steps, optimizing the transmitter adaptability with reduced area. The proposed architecture is also able to tune its output impedance independently from the choice of the weights of the equalization tap. It features a 300 mV peak-to-peak eye diagram with 16 equalization levels and achieves a remarkably low 2.25 pJ/bit total power consumption (0.633 pJ/bit for the predriver+driver).

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A novel approach to simulate the convergence and the performance of high-speed serial interfaces with adaptive equalization that uses as input the pulse response of the channel that is then modified by adaptive techniques implementing feed-forward, decision-feedback, and linear-continuous time equalization.
Abstract: We propose a simple approach to simulate the convergence and the performance of high-speed serial interfaces with adaptive equalization. Such a method uses as input the pulse response of the channel (printed circuit board and cables, plus package/socket) that is then modified by adaptive techniques implementing feed-forward, decision-feedback, and linear-continuous time equalization. Probabilistic considerations are used in this novel method to estimate the evolution during time of the LMS loop and the resulting evolution of the eye diagram. Sample results are reported for a realistic link operating at 20 Gb/s.

7 citations


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TL;DR: This work proposes a simple modification of the widely used Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations for ionic transport, which at least qualitatively accounts for steric effects and analyze numerical solutions of these modified PNP equations on the model problem of the charging of a simple electrolyte cell.
Abstract: In situations involving large potentials or surface charges, the Poisson Boltzman(PB) equation has shortcomings because it neglects ion-ion interactions and steric effects. This has been widely recognized by the electrochemistry community, leading to the development of various alternative models resulting in different sets "modified PB equations", which have had at least qualitative success in predicting equilibrium ion distributions. On the other hand, the literature is scarce in terms of descriptions of concentration dynamics in these regimes. Here, adapting strategies developed to modify the PB equation, we propose a simple modification of the widely used Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) equations for ionic transport, which at least qualitatively accounts for steric effects. We analyze numerical solutions of these MPNP equations on the model problem of the charging of a simple electrolyte cell, and compare the outcome to that of the standard PNP equations. Finally, we repeat the asymptotic analysis of Bazant, Thornton, and Ajdari(2004} for this new system of equations to further document the interest and limits of validity of the simpler equivalent electrical circuit models introduced in Part I for such problems.

431 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a charge-plasma concept is introduced for the first time to implement a dielectric-modulated junctionless tunnel field effect transistor (DM-JLTFET) for biosensor label-free detection.
Abstract: To reduce the fabrication complexity and cost of the nanoscale devices, a charge-plasma concept is introduced for the first time to implement a dielectric-modulated junctionless tunnel field-effect transistor (DM-JLTFET) for biosensor label-free detection. The formation of p+ source and n+ drain regions in DM-JLTFET is done by the deposition of platinum (work function = 5.93 eV) and hafnium (work function = 3.9 eV) materials, respectively, over the silicon body. Furthermore, a nanogap cavity embedded within the gate dielectric is created by etching the portion of gate oxide layer toward the source end for sensing biomolecules. For this, the sensing capability of DM-JLTFET has been investigated in terms of variation in dielectric constant, charge density, length, and thickness of the cavity at different bias conditions. Finally, a comparative study between DM-JLTFET and MOSFET biosensor is investigated. The implementation of proposed device and all the simulations have been performed by using ATLAS device simulator.

142 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
23 Nov 2020-ACS Nano
TL;DR: These relatively new concepts are described and theoretical insights into mechanisms that may enable electronic biosensing beyond the Debye length are offered, foresee exciting opportunities for the next generation of diagnostic technologies.
Abstract: Electronic biosensors are a natural fit for field-deployable diagnostic devices because they can be miniaturized, mass produced, and integrated with circuitry. Unfortunately, progress in the development of such platforms has been hindered by the fact that mobile ions present in biological samples screen charges from the target molecule, greatly reducing sensor sensitivity. Under physiological conditions, the thickness of the resulting electric double layer is less than 1 nm, and it has generally been assumed that electronic detection beyond this distance is virtually impossible. However, a few recently described sensor design strategies seem to defy this conventional wisdom, exploiting the physics of electrical double layers in ways that traditional models do not capture. In the first strategy, charge screening is decreased by constraining the space in which double layers can form. The second strategy uses external stimuli to prevent double layers from reaching equilibrium, thereby effectively reducing charge screening. In this Perspective, we describe these relatively new concepts and offer theoretical insights into mechanisms that may enable electronic biosensing beyond the Debye length. If these concepts can be further developed and translated into practical electronic biosensors, we foresee exciting opportunities for the next generation of diagnostic technologies.

55 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an analytical model has been developed for junctionless silicon on insulator ion-sensitive FET for pH sensing applications, where pH sensors detect the change of the hydrogen ion concentration in the aqueous solution.
Abstract: In this paper, an analytical model has been developed for junctionless silicon on insulator ion-sensitive FET for pH sensing applications. The pH sensors detect the change of the hydrogen ion concentration in the aqueous solution. The modeled results show good agreement with the simulation results obtained by using Sentaurus. The electrolyte region has been considered by changing appropriate intrinsic semiconductor material in which the electron and hole charges represent the mobile ions in the aqueous solution. The effect of pH on surface potential, threshold voltage, and drain current has been investigated through model and simulations. In addition, the impact of different gate oxide materials, which act as adhesion layer, has been investigated. The pH response is defined as the amount of threshold voltage shift when the pH (in the injected solution) is varied from lower to higher values. Effect of the electrolyte region thickness on the pH sensitivity has also been discussed in this paper.

55 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a dielectrically modulated electrically doped tunnel field effect transistor (DM-EDTFET) was used as a biosensor for label free detection.

50 citations