scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Author

Andrea Di Provvido

Bio: Andrea Di Provvido is an academic researcher from University of Teramo. The author has contributed to research in topics: Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia & Mycoplasma mycoides. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 26 publications receiving 240 citations.

Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data enabling confirmation of the suspicion of dourine in Italy in the 2011 epidemic are described.

41 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is discovered that BTV modulates the humoral immune response by rapidly infecting and destroying follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in the host LNs, which results in a delayed production of high affinity and virus neutralizing antibodies.
Abstract: Arboviruses cause acute diseases that increasingly affect global health. We used bluetongue virus (BTV) and its natural sheep host to reveal a previously uncharacterized mechanism used by an arbovirus to manipulate host immunity. Our study shows that BTV, similarly to other antigens delivered through the skin, is transported rapidly via the lymph to the peripheral lymph nodes. Here, BTV infects and disrupts follicular dendritic cells, hindering B-cell division in germinal centers, which results in a delayed production of high affinity and virus neutralizing antibodies. Moreover, the humoral immune response to a second antigen is also hampered in BTV-infected animals. Thus, an arbovirus can evade the host antiviral response by inducing an acute immunosuppression. Although transient, this immunosuppression occurs at the critical early stages of infection when a delayed host humoral immune response likely affects virus systemic dissemination and the clinical outcome of disease.

40 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In September 2014, seven sperm whales were stranded along Italy’s Adriatic coastline and postmortem investigations revealed molecular and immunohistochemical evidence of dolphin morbillivirus infection.
Abstract: In September 2014, seven sperm whales were stranded along Italy's Adriatic coastline. Postmortem investigations on 3 female adult whales and 1 male fetus carried by the largest female revealed molecular and immunohistochemical evidence of dolphin morbillivirus infection. A possible role of the virus in the stranding event was considered.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed selected literature on important Bartonellosis of dogs, cats, and humans with notes on transmission, vectors, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of Bartonella species.
Abstract: Bartonellae are emerging vector-borne pathogens distributed worldwide that can cause various clinical symptoms in humans and animals, ranging from a mild flu-like illness to more severe manifestations such as endocarditis, myocarditis, arthritis, hepatitis, and arthralgia. Numerous mammalian species, including domestic animals such as dogs, cats, as well as humans, serve as reservoir hosts for various Bartonella species. The vectors play a central role in the transmission of these bacteria and pets and their ectoparasites can pose a serious risk of zoonoses. This paper reviews selected literature on important bartonellosis of dogs, cats, and humans with notes on transmission, vectors, pathogenesis, and diagnosis.

21 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Clinical signs, anatomo-histopathological findings and laboratory results that resulted in the confirmation of diagnosis of dourine in a clinically affected mare, which was the likely source of infection in the stallion, are described.
Abstract: In May 2011, dourine was reported in Italy following the declaration of a positive result observed in a stallion undergoing routine testing for stud purposes. Clinical signs, anatomo-histopathological findings and laboratory results that resulted in the confirmation of diagnosis of dourine in a clinically affected mare, which was the likely source of infection in the stallion, are described.

20 citations


Cited by
More filters
01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: The probability of any event is the ratio between the value at which an expectation depending on the happening of the event ought to be computed, and the value of the thing expected upon it’s 2 happening.
Abstract: Problem Given the number of times in which an unknown event has happened and failed: Required the chance that the probability of its happening in a single trial lies somewhere between any two degrees of probability that can be named. SECTION 1 Definition 1. Several events are inconsistent, when if one of them happens, none of the rest can. 2. Two events are contrary when one, or other of them must; and both together cannot happen. 3. An event is said to fail, when it cannot happen; or, which comes to the same thing, when its contrary has happened. 4. An event is said to be determined when it has either happened or failed. 5. The probability of any event is the ratio between the value at which an expectation depending on the happening of the event ought to be computed, and the value of the thing expected upon it’s 2 happening.

368 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Surra is a major disease in camels, equines, and dogs, in which it can often be fatal in the absence of treatment, and exhibits nonspecific clinical signs, which are variable from one host and one place to another; however, its immunosuppressive effects interfering with intercurrent diseases or vaccination campaigns might be its most significant and questionable aspect.
Abstract: Trypanosoma evansi, the agent of “surra,” is a salivarian trypanosome, originating from Africa. It is thought to derive from Trypanosoma brucei by deletion of the maxicircle kinetoplastic DNA (genetic material required for cyclical development in tsetse flies). It is mostly mechanically transmitted by tabanids and stomoxes, initially to camels, in sub-Saharan area. The disease spread from North Africa towards the Middle East, Turkey, India, up to 53° North in Russia, across all South-East Asia, down to Indonesia and the Philippines, and it was also introduced by the conquistadores into Latin America. It can affect a very large range of domestic and wild hosts including camelids, equines, cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, dogs and other carnivores, deer, gazelles, and elephants. It found a new large range of wild and domestic hosts in Latin America, including reservoirs (capybaras) and biological vectors (vampire bats). Surra is a major disease in camels, equines, and dogs, in which it can often be fatal in the absence of treatment, and exhibits nonspecific clinical signs (anaemia, loss of weight, abortion, and death), which are variable from one host and one place to another; however, its immunosuppressive effects interfering with intercurrent diseases or vaccination campaigns might be its most significant and questionable aspect.

353 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current options available for the treatment and prophylaxis of the animal trypanosomiases, with a special focus on the problem of resistance.
Abstract: Pathogenic animal trypanosomes affecting livestock have represented a major constraint to agricultural development in Africa for centuries, and their negative economic impact is increasing in South America and Asia. Chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis represent the main means of control. However, research into new trypanocides has remained inadequate for decades, leading to a situation where the few compounds available are losing efficacy due to the emergence of drug-resistant parasites. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current options available for the treatment and prophylaxis of the animal trypanosomiases, with a special focus on the problem of resistance. The key issues surrounding the main economically important animal trypanosome species and the diseases they cause are also presented. As new investment becomes available to develop improved tools to control the animal trypanosomiases, we stress that efforts should be directed towards a better understanding of the biology of the relevant parasite species and strains, to identify new drug targets and interrogate resistance mechanisms.

282 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The factors driving IL-10 production and the cellular sources of the cytokine during antiviral immune responses are discussed and how viruses can use this central regulatory pathway to evade immunity and establish chronic/latent infections is discussed.
Abstract: The anti-inflammatory master regulator IL-10 is critical to protect the host from tissue damage during acute phases of immune responses. This regulatory mechanism, central to T cell homeostasis, can be hijacked by viruses to evade immunity. IL-10 can be produced by virtually all immune cells, and it can also modulate the function of these cells. Understanding the effects of this multifunctional cytokine is therefore a complex task. In the present review we discuss the factors driving IL-10 production and the cellular sources of the cytokine during antiviral immune responses. We particularly focus on the IL-10 regulatory mechanisms that impact antiviral immune responses and how viruses can use this central regulatory pathway to evade immunity and establish chronic/latent infections.

248 citations

01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: How is the Toxin Produced in Food?
Abstract: How is the Toxin Produced in Food? What is Botulism? Clostridium botulinum are rod-shaped bacteria (also called C. botulinum. They are anaerobic, meaning they live and grow in low oxygen conditions. The bacteria form protective spores when conditions for survival are poor. The spore has a hard protective coating that encases the key parts of the bacterium and has layers of protective membranes. Within these membranes and the hard coating, the dormant bacterium is able to survive for years. C. botulinum is responsible for a disease called botulism.

229 citations