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Andrew Daabous

Bio: Andrew Daabous is an academic researcher from University of Windsor. The author has contributed to research in topics: Intraclass correlation & Cross-sectional study. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 4 publications receiving 62 citations.

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TL;DR: The partial least squares discriminant analysis was more effective at distinguishing between highly similar spectra from closely related bacterial genera and may be the preferred multivariate technique in future species-level or strain-level classifications.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results obtained in this experiment validate the applicability of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for assessing periodontal anatomy by high-frequency ultrasound.
Abstract: Knowledge of periodontal anatomy is essential when performing surgical and non-surgical procedures in the field of oral healthcare. Gingival thickness (GT) is often assessed for this purpose. A dental system prototype was recently developed for quantitative, non-invasive GT assessment by high-frequency (HF) ultrasound. Laboratory trials were conducted to validate system performance against a traditional method of assessment. A system with a 50 MHz broadband, spherically-focused transducer was used. The transducer was housed in a small, hand-held probe equipped with a continuous water supply. A-scans were obtained and thickness at each location was determined. For comparison, the traditional method of transgingival probing through tissue with an endodontic k-file needle was also implemented. Preliminary experiments were performed on phantoms simulating the anatomical and acoustic properties of human periodontal tissues. A porcine cadaver was obtained for further laboratory trials. The speed of sound through porcine gingiva was determined to be 1564 ± 21 m/s. Finally, a multiple-point experiment involved GT assessment in an array of locations on the buccal gingival surface in the fourth quadrant. Ultrasonic measurements were found to yield similar GT values to those obtained from invasive methods. Results obtained in this experiment validate the applicability of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for assessing periodontal anatomy.

37 citations

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TL;DR: It is demonstrated how human fingernails can potentially be used as a biomarker to determine the severity of a patient's reaction to chemotherapy.
Abstract: Background Medical practitioners have long associated the physical appearance of human fingernails with certain underlying health conditions due to their direct connection to the vascular system. The objective of this study was to demonstrate how human fingernails can potentially be used as a biomarker to determine the severity of a patient's reaction to chemotherapy. Methods Quantitative investigation of fingernails in patients undergoing taxane-based chemotherapy was conducted using a high-frequency 50 MHz ultrasound device in B-mode in the form of a pilot study. Time-of-Flight (TOF) ultrasonic signal measurements were recorded longitudinally across fingernails over three time intervals; (before treatment, in the middle of treatment, and on the last day of treatment); a neuropathy assessment and photographs were also taken for comparison. Results A total of 17 patients were examined in this study with ages ranging from 35-69 years old with both weekly and biweekly chemotherapy regimens. Onycholysis and fingernail discoloration were observed in 8 of the 17 patients. White transverse lines and white lunula were observed on 4 of the 17 patients. Quantitative assessment revealed a TOF median decrease in fingernails during the first half of chemotherapy treatment; conversely, TOF median was found to have increased during the second half. Median TOF measurements at the end of treatment were found to return to approximately that of the baseline value. Conclusion This was a novel application of ultrasound in fingernails as chemotherapy biomarkers and further studies should be considered to verify and expand on the results obtained in this study.

3 citations

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TL;DR: In this article , a cross-sectional study aimed to utilize quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to investigate the influence of genetic variance over teeth inclination and angulation in orthodontic patients with Class I occlusion.

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TL;DR: This review describes and compares the most widely used multivariate statistical techniques including exploratory, interpretive and discriminatory procedures, and presents examples of how these approaches have been utilized in recent studies to provide insight into the ecology of the microbial world.
Abstract: Recent advances in high-throughput methods of molecular analyses have led to an explosion of studies generating large-scale ecological data sets. In particular, noticeable effect has been attained in the field of microbial ecology, where new experimental approaches provided in-depth assessments of the composition, functions and dynamic changes of complex microbial communities. Because even a single high-throughput experiment produces large amount of data, powerful statistical techniques of multivariate analysis are well suited to analyse and interpret these data sets. Many different multivariate techniques are available, and often it is not clear which method should be applied to a particular data set. In this review, we describe and compare the most widely used multivariate statistical techniques including exploratory, interpretive and discriminatory procedures. We consider several important limitations and assumptions of these methods, and we present examples of how these approaches have been utilized in recent studies to provide insight into the ecology of the microbial world. Finally, we offer suggestions for the selection of appropriate methods based on the research question and data set structure.

314 citations

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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the work of many LIBS researchers who have developed, adapted, and improved upon sample preparation techniques for various specimen types in order to improve the quality of the analytical data that LIBS can produce in a large number of research domains.

161 citations

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TL;DR: This work critically assess and elaborate on the approaches to utilize PCA in LIBS data processing, and derives some implications and suggests advice in data preprocessing, visualization, dimensionality reduction, model building, classification, quantification and non-conventional multivariate mapping.

143 citations

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TL;DR: This review attempts to give a critical overview of the diverse progress of the field, focusing on the results of the last five years, of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy.
Abstract: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has become an established analytical atomic spectrometry technique and is valued for its very compelling set of advantageous analytical and technical characteristics. It is a rapid, versatile, non-contact technique, which is capable of providing qualitative and quantitative analytical information for practically any sample, in a virtually non-destructive way, without any substantial sample preparation. The instrumentation is simple, robust, compact, and even enables remote analysis. This review attempts to give a critical overview of the diverse progress of the field, focusing on the results of the last five years. The advancement of LIBS instrumentation and data evaluation is discussed in detail and selected results of some prominent applications are also described.

140 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy is in a stage of great vitality as an analytical technique, with new research emerging trends likely to play an important role in the future development of the technique as well as in its penetration in the medical field.

98 citations