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Angélique Melet

Bio: Angélique Melet is an academic researcher from Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory. The author has contributed to research in topics: Sea level & Climate change. The author has an hindex of 28, co-authored 52 publications receiving 2063 citations. Previous affiliations of Angélique Melet include Centre national de la recherche scientifique & University of Toulouse.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recent progress in developing, implementing and testing dynamics-based parameterizations for internal-wave driven turbulent mixing in global ocean models are reviewed, the tools developed are described, and future directions are discussed.
Abstract: CapsuleRecent advances in our understanding of internal-wave driven turbulent mixing in the ocean interior are summarized. New parameterizations for global climate ocean models, and their climate impacts, are introduced.

214 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the contribution of thermal expansion and land ice loss to long-term sea-level changes at interannual-to-multidecadal timescales.
Abstract: Coastal communities are threatened by sea-level changes operating at various spatial scales; global to regional variations are associated with glacier and ice sheet loss and ocean thermal expansion, while smaller coastal-scale variations are also related to atmospheric surges, tides and waves. Here, using 23 years (1993–2015) of global coastal sea-level observations, we examine the contribution of these latter processes to long-term sea-level rise, which, to date, have been relatively less explored. It is found that wave contributions can strongly dampen or enhance the effects of thermal expansion and land ice loss on coastal water-level changes at interannual-to-multidecadal timescales. Along the US West Coast, for example, negative wave-induced trends dominate, leading to negative net water-level trends. Accurate estimates of past, present and future coastal sea-level rise therefore need to consider low-frequency contributions of wave set-up and swash. Large-scale sea-level rise is primarily dominated by thermal expansion and ice melt. However, wave processes are found to significantly influence local sea-level trends at the coast, amplifying or reducing steric and eustatic contributions.

187 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the characteristics of sea level variability at the coast focussing on how it differs from the variability in the nearby deep ocean and how it contributes to the historical mean sea level records obtained from tide gauges which are now used routinely in large-scale climate research.
Abstract: We review the characteristics of sea level variability at the coast focussing on how it differs from the variability in the nearby deep ocean. Sea level variability occurs on all timescales, with processes at higher frequencies tending to have a larger magnitude at the coast due to resonance and other dynamics. In the case of some processes, such as the tides, the presence of the coast and the shallow waters of the shelves results in the processes being considerably more complex than offshore. However, ‘coastal variability’ should not always be considered as ‘short spatial scale variability’ but can be the result of signals transmitted along the coast from 1000s km away. Fortunately, thanks to tide gauges being necessarily located at the coast, many aspects of coastal sea level variability can be claimed to be better understood than those in the deep ocean. Nevertheless, certain aspects of coastal variability remain under-researched, including how changes in some processes (e.g., wave setup, river runoff) may have contributed to the historical mean sea level records obtained from tide gauges which are now used routinely in large-scale climate research.

164 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare two simulations using the St. Laurent and Polzin formulations in the Climate Model, version 2G (CM2G), ocean-ice-atmosphere coupled model, with the same formulation for internal-tide energy input.
Abstract: The ocean interior stratification and meridional overturning circulation are largely sustained by diapycnal mixing. The breaking of internal tides is a major source of diapycnal mixing. Many recent climate models parameterize internal-tide breaking using the scheme of St. Laurent et al. While this parameterization dynamically accounts for internal-tide generation, the vertical distribution of the resultant mixing is ad hoc, prescribing energy dissipation to decay exponentially above the ocean bottom with a fixed-length scale. Recently, Polzin formulated a dynamically based parameterization, in which the vertical profile of dissipation decays algebraically with a varying decay scale, accounting for variable stratification using Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) stretching. This study compares two simulations using the St. Laurent and Polzin formulations in the Climate Model, version 2G (CM2G), ocean–ice–atmosphere coupled model, with the same formulation for internal-tide energy input. Focusing mainl...

137 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The issue of sustained measurements of sea level in the coastal zone is examined, first by summarizing the long-term observations from tide gauges, then by showing how those are now complemented by improved satellite altimetry products in the Coastal ocean.
Abstract: We examine the issue of sustained measurements of sea level in the coastal zone, first by summarizing the long-term observations from tide gauges, then showing how those are now complemented by improved satellite altimetry products in the coastal ocean. We present some of the progresses in coastal altimetry, both from dedicated reprocessing of the radar waveforms and from the development of improved corrections for the atmospheric effects. This trend towards better altimetric data at the coast comes also from technological innovations such as Ka-band altimetry and SAR altimetry, and we discuss the advantages deriving from the AltiKa Ka-band altimeter and the SIRAL altimeter on CryoSat-2 that can be operated in SAR mode. A case study along the UK coast demonstrates the good agreement between coastal altimetry and tide gauge observations, with root mean square differences as low as 4 cm at many stations, allowing the characterization of the annual cycle of sea level along the UK coasts. Finally, we examine the evolution of the sea level trend from the open to the coastal ocean along the western coast of Africa, comparing standard and coastally improved products. Different products give different sea level trend profiles, so the recommendation is that additional efforts are needed to study sea level trends in the coastal zone from past and present satellite altimeters. Further improvements are expected from more refined processing and screening of data, but in particular from the constant improvements in the geophysical corrections.

126 citations


Cited by
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Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a documento: "Cambiamenti climatici 2007: impatti, adattamento e vulnerabilita" voteato ad aprile 2007 dal secondo gruppo di lavoro del Comitato Intergovernativo sui Cambiamentsi Climatici (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change).
Abstract: Impatti, adattamento e vulnerabilita Le cause e le responsabilita dei cambiamenti climatici sono state trattate sul numero di ottobre della rivista Cda. Approfondiamo l’argomento presentando il documento: “Cambiamenti climatici 2007: impatti, adattamento e vulnerabilita” votato ad aprile 2007 dal secondo gruppo di lavoro del Comitato Intergovernativo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Si tratta del secondo di tre documenti che compongono il quarto rapporto sui cambiamenti climatici.

3,979 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1980-Nature

1,327 citations

01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: A 23-year database of calibrated and validated satellite altimeter measurements is used to investigate global changes in oceanic wind speed and wave height over this period and finds a general global trend of increasing values of windspeed and, to a lesser degree, wave height.
Abstract: Wind speeds over the world’s oceans have increased over the past two decades, as have wave heights. Studies of climate change typically consider measurements or predictions of temperature over extended periods of time. Climate, however, is much more than temperature. Over the oceans, changes in wind speed and the surface gravity waves generated by such winds play an important role. We used a 23-year database of calibrated and validated satellite altimeter measurements to investigate global changes in oceanic wind speed and wave height over this period. We find a general global trend of increasing values of wind speed and, to a lesser degree, wave height, over this period. The rate of increase is greater for extreme events as compared to the mean condition.

737 citations

14 Jun 2019
TL;DR: In this paper, Abd Elgawad et al. discuss the sea level rise and its implications for low lying islands, coastlines and communities in the Middle East and Asia.
Abstract: Do Not Cite, Quote or Distribute 4-1 Total pages: 139 1 Chapter 4: Sea Level Rise and Implications for Low Lying Islands, Coasts and Communities 2 3 Coordinating Lead Authors: Michael Oppenheimer (USA), Bruce Glavovic (New Zealand), Tuhin Ghosh 4 (India) 5 6 Lead Authors: Amro Abd-Elgawad (Egypt), Rongshuo Cai (China), Miguel Cifuentes-Jara (Costa Rica), 7 Rob Deconto (USA), John Hay (Cook Islands), Jochen Hinkel (Germany), Federico Isla (Argentina), 8 Alexandre K. Magnan (France), Ben Marzeion (Germany), Benoit Meyssignac (France), Zita Sebesvari 9 (Hungary), AJ Smit (South Africa), Roderik van de Wal (Netherlands) 10 11 Contributing Authors: Maya Buchanan (USA), Gonéri Le Cozannet (France), Catia Domingues 12 (Australia), Virginie Duvat (France), Tamsin Edwards (UK), Miguel D. Fortes (Philippines), Thomas 13 Frederikse (Netherlands), Jean-Pierre Gattuso (France), Robert Kopp (USA), Erwin Lambert (Netherlands), 14 Elizabeth McLeod (USA), Mark Merrifield (USA), Siddharth Narayan (US), Robert J. Nicholls (UK), 15 Fabrice Renaud (UK), Jonathan Simm (UK), Jon Woodruff (USA), Poh Poh Wong (Singapore), Siyuan Xian 16 (USA) 17 18 Review Editors: Ayako Abe-Ouchi (Japan), Kapil Gupta (India), Joy Pereira (Malaysia) 19 20 Chapter Scientist Maya Buchanan (USA) 21 22 Date of Draft: 20 April 2018 23 24 Notes: TSU Compiled Version 25 26

529 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Marina Romanello1, Alice McGushin1, Claudia Di Napoli2, Paul Drummond1, Nick Hughes1, Louis Jamart1, Harry Kennard1, Pete Lampard3, Baltazar Solano Rodriguez1, Nigel W. Arnell2, Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson4, Kristine Belesova5, Wenjia Cai6, Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum7, Stuart Capstick8, Jonathan Chambers7, Lingzhi Chu9, Luisa Ciampi2, Carole Dalin1, Niheer Dasandi10, Shouro Dasgupta, Michael Davies1, Paula Dominguez-Salas11, Robert Dubrow9, Kristie L. Ebi12, Matthew J. Eckelman13, Paul Ekins1, Luis E. Escobar14, Lucien Georgeson1, Delia Grace15, Hilary Graham3, Samuel H Gunther16, Stella M. Hartinger17, Kehan He1, Clare Heaviside1, Jeremy J. Hess12, Shih Che Hsu1, Slava Jankin, Marcia P. Jimenez18, Ilan Kelman1, Gregor Kiesewetter19, Patrick L. Kinney20, Tord Kjellstrom, Dominic Kniveton21, Jason Kai Wei Lee16, Bruno Lemke22, Yang Liu23, Zhao Liu6, Melissa C. Lott24, Rachel Lowe5, Jaime Martinez-Urtaza25, Mark A. Maslin1, Lucy McAllister26, Celia McMichael27, Zhifu Mi1, James Milner5, Kelton Minor28, Nahid Mohajeri1, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh29, Karyn Morrissey30, Simon Munzert, Kris A. Murray5, Tara Neville7, Maria Nilsson31, Nick Obradovich32, Maquins Odhiambo Sewe31, Tadj Oreszczyn1, Matthias Otto22, Fereidoon Owfi, Olivia Pearman33, David Pencheon34, Mahnaz Rabbaniha, Elizabeth J. Z. Robinson2, Joacim Rocklöv31, Renee N Salas18, Jan C. Semenza, Jodi D. Sherman9, Liuhua Shi23, Marco Springmann35, Meisam Tabatabaei36, Jonathon Taylor, Joaquin Trinanes37, Joy Shumake-Guillemot, Bryan N. Vu23, Fabian Wagner19, Paul Wilkinson5, Matthew Winning1, Marisol Yglesias17, Shihui Zhang6, Peng Gong38, Hugh Montgomery1, Anthony Costello1, Ian Hamilton1 
TL;DR: The 2021 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change : code red for a healthy future as mentioned in this paper, is the most recent publication of the Countdown on Health and Climate Change, 2019.

491 citations