Anil Kumar Birru

Bio: Anil Kumar Birru is an academic researcher from National Institute of Technology, Manipur. The author has contributed to research in topic(s): Alloy & Aluminium alloy. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 41 publication(s) receiving 346 citation(s). Previous affiliations of Anil Kumar Birru include Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium metal matrix composites with addition of bamboo leaf ash by stir casting method

Abstract: Al-4.5%Cu alloy was used as a matrix at 2%, 4% and 6% of bamboo leaf ash (BLA) which was extruded from agro waste and was used as reinforcement. The composite which was fabricated by stir casting method possessed superior properties due to an effective bonding between matrix and reinforcement particles. The fabricated composite specimens were subjected to various tests to determine the mechanical properties such as density, porosity, hardness and tensile strength. The results were compared with basic matrix alloy. Furthermore, the OM, SEM with EDAX and XRD analyses were carried out to analyze the dispersion of the reinforced particles in the selected matrix alloy. It was observed that the homogeneous distribution of BLA particles in composites was intragranular in nature. Moreover, it was also observed that BLA particles were well bonded with matrix alloy with clear interface. It was also found that the density decreased with increase in mass fraction of BLA particles and porosity increased with increase in mass fraction of BLA particles. The hardness and tensile strength were increased up to 4% of BLA in the composite, with a further increase in BLA content the hardness and tensile strength decreased.

Mechanical and metallurgical properties of friction stir welded dissimilar joints of AZ91 magnesium alloy and AA 6082-T6 aluminium alloy

Abstract: In the present research work, AZ91 magnesium alloy and AA6082-T6 aluminium alloy were joined by friction stir welding process. The comparison of microstructure and mechanical properties between different joints by varying the different materials on advance and retreating sides were mainly studied. Four different welds have been prepared to find the material mixing between the similar and dissimilar joints. The joint interfaces of the welds have been investigated by employing an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. When Mg was placed on advancing side (AS), more aluminium content was soluble in nugget zone than the case where Mg was placed on the retreating side (RS). Thin intermetallic layer in the joint interface of Mg/Al and thick intermetallic layer with poor adhesion of the aluminium and magnesium have been observed in the dissimilar joints varying the sides. The highest UTS of 172.3 MPa was found for Mg-Al when Mg was placed on AS and lower UTS of 156.25 MPa was obtained when Mg was placed on RS. Hardness of 86 Hv and 89 Hv were observed in the Stir zone for the dissimilar AZ91 Mg alloy and AA6082-T6 Al alloy when AZ91Mg alloy was placed on the AS and on the RS respectively. Fractography was also carried out to find the mode of failure.

Investigations of spirulina, waste cooking and animal fats blended biodiesel fuel on auto-ignition diesel engine performance, emission characteristics

Abstract: This paper presents the engine characteristics of investigations carried out on a single-cylinder, direct injection diesel engine operated with B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel) blend fuel from 1st generation (coconut, palm, rapeseed, soybean), 2nd generation (cottonseed, Jatropha curcas, jojoba, karanja) and 3rd generation (fish oil, spirulina, waste cooking oil, animal fats) feedstocks levels of biodiesel and their effects on compression ignition engine with a rated power of 3.5 kW at 1500 rpm. The diesel engine was operated at three different compression ratios of 16.5, 17.5 and 18.5 when different loads (25%, 50%, 75%, and 80%) were applied. Comparative measures for the characteristics of brake thermal efficiency (BTE), specific fuel consumption (SFC), ignition delay (ID), exhaust gas temperature (EGT), smoke, particulate matter (PM), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), sulfur dioxide (SO2), cylinder pressure and heat release curve were determined. A reduction in BTE, EGT, ID was observed with B20 blend fuel from the 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation levels of biodiesel with the advanced injection timing. The significant reduction of smoke emission by 55.3% and PM emission by 51.8% were seen for jojoba, NOX was reduced by 39.6% for Jatropha curcas and SO2 by 46.54% for fish oil at full load conditions with the compression ratio of 17.5 powered with B20 blend of biodiesel. The simulation and experiment results are verified at the same operating conditions.

Effect of microalgae, tyre pyrolysis oil and Jatropha biodiesel enriched with diesel fuel on performance and emission characteristics of CI engine

Abstract: The objective of present paper, the exhaust emission parameters blend of Jatropha, tyre pyrolysis oil and spirulina microalgae biodiesel diesel engine with a rated power of 3.5 kW at 1500 rpm. The engine was operated at constant compression ratio of 17.5 with different engine loads were applied. Comparative parameters measures of brake thermal efficiency (BTE), fuel consumption, exhaust temperature, sauter mean diameter, smoke emission, particulate matter (PM), oxides of nitrogen (NOX) and carbon dioxide (CO2) have been presented. The secondary blends (JMETPO20, SP20) meaningfully reduction in smoke, PM and NOX emissions from the diesel engine, while the improved CO2 emissions. The result shows reduction in smoke, PM and NOX emission was observed with 20% blends. Reduction in smoke emission by 11.58%, 18.33%, PM emission by 5.3%, 33.1% and NOX emission by 10.2%, 10.66% but CO2 emission slightly higher for JMETPO20 (80% JME + 20% TPO) and SP20 (80% diesel + 20% spirulina) respectively at full load condition. Numerical and experimental results are valid for diesel engines of conventional diesel fuel, using 220 bar fuel injection pressure. Validation work is performed through the proposed numerical solver using experimental results.

Strengthening of mechanical and tribological properties of Al-4.5%Cu matrix alloy with the addition of bamboo leaf ash

Abstract: The objective of this research paper is to introduce an economically identified bamboo leaf ash, extruded from agro waste as effective reinforcement in the development of Aluminium alloy based composite. In the current study, stir casting process was used to fabricate composites by introducing 0, 2, 4 and 6 wt% of bamboo leaf ash into Al-4.5%Cu matrix. The fabricated composites were characterized using optical microscopy, SEM with EDAX, XRD, density, hardness, tensile testing and dry sliding wear tests. It has been observed that the bamboo leaf ash particles were uniformly distributed throughout the matrix. The density of the fabricated composites decreased with the addition of bamboo leaf ash particles and, hardness and tensile strength improved significantly. The wear rate of the composites was decreased with the addition of BLA particles in comparison with Al-4.5%Cu matrix alloy and at 4 wt% of BLA consisting composite exhibited best anti-wear property. The increase in dislocation density with increase in weight percent of BLA may be the reason for the strengthening of the composites. Tensile Failure and wear mechanism were analyzed by SEM images of tensile fracture surface and worn out surface morphologies of composites.

Influence of AlN particles on microstructure, mechanical and tribological behaviour in AA6351 aluminum alloy

Abstract: In the current trend, the hard ceramic particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) is extensively being exploited as a composite which shall be utilized for various engineering applications. In the present research, the Al-Si-Mg (AA6351) composite incorporated with aluminium nitride (AlN) filler were prepared via novel and low cost melt stirring process. This study was conducted using AA6351 aluminum alloy in conjunction with AlN particles whose percentages of incorporation were 4%, 8%, 12%, 16% and 20 wt.% in the ascending. The stir casted composites and the base alloy were characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). EDAX and XRD plots prove the occurrence of AlN filler contents in the synthesized AMCs. SEM studies exhibit the even dispersion of the reinforcement particles in the Al matrix. The effects of AlN contents on the mechanical characteristics of AA6351 matrix composites were examined. The dry sliding wear characteristics of the prepared composites was tested employing pin on disc machine. The mechanical and wear behavior of the AMCs had shown a great enhancement by the incorporation of AlN particles into AA6351 matrix alloy. The test outcomes discovered that Al/20 wt.% AlN composites had revealed superior wear resistance, hardness, yield strength and tensile strength than the AA6351 base alloy

Friction stir welding/processing of metals and alloys: A comprehensive review on microstructural evolution

Abstract: The unique combination of very large strains, high temperatures and high strain rates inherent to friction stir welding (FSW) and friction stir processing (FSP) and their dependency on the processing parameters provides an opportunity to tailor the microstructure, and hence the performance of welds and surfaces to an extent not possible with fusion processes. While a great deal of attention has previously been focused on the FSW parameters and their effect on weld quality and joint performance, here the focus is on developing a comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals of the microstructural evolution during FSW/P. Through a consideration of the mechanisms underlying the development of grain structures and textures, phases, phase transformations and precipitation, microstructural control across a very wide range of similar and dissimilar material joints is examined. In particular, when considering the joining of dissimilar metals and alloys, special attention is focused on the control and dispersion of deleterious intermetallic compounds. Similarly, we consider how FSP can be used to locally refine the microstructure as well as provide an opportunity to form metal matrix composites (MMCs) for near surface reinforcement. Finally, the current gaps in our knowledge are considered in the context of the future outlook for FSW/P.

Carbon nanoparticles/whisker reinforced composites and their tensile response

Abstract: Abstract A promising technique to develop polymer matrix composites by reinforcing carbon nanoparticles/whiskers through an extrusion process is described. Linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) powder and carbon nanoparticles/whiskers are first dry mixed and made then into continuous filaments by hot extrusion through a small orifice under a high shear force. After extrusion, the filament is partially cooled by chilled air, dried, and continuously wound in a spool. The filaments are then laid in rovings, stacked in a unidirectional fashion, and consolidated in a compression molding machine to construct laminated composite structures. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) has been performed to compare the thermal stability of as-fabricated composites with the neat polymer. The TGA result shows that the extruded composites are thermally more stable than their neat counterpart. Tensile coupons were then extracted both in longitudinal [0°] and transverse directions [90°] and tested in a Minimat Tester. It was found that with the addition of 2% by weight of carbon nanoparticles/whiskers in LLDPE, the tensile strength and modulus of the composite have increased by 16.9 and 16.37%, respectively. The (0°) and (90°) coupons have also demonstrated to have directional effects in tensile response which is believed to have been caused by the alignment of whiskers during the extrusion process. The percentage of crystalline nature and crystal structure of carbon nanoparticles/whiskers and as-fabricated composites were also identified by the X-ray diffraction pattern. Transmission electron microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopic studies were conducted to investigate the morphology of the composite system. Details of the fabrication procedures, synthesis of composites, and mechanical testing are included in the paper.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium metal matrix composites with addition of bamboo leaf ash by stir casting method

Abstract: Al-4.5%Cu alloy was used as a matrix at 2%, 4% and 6% of bamboo leaf ash (BLA) which was extruded from agro waste and was used as reinforcement. The composite which was fabricated by stir casting method possessed superior properties due to an effective bonding between matrix and reinforcement particles. The fabricated composite specimens were subjected to various tests to determine the mechanical properties such as density, porosity, hardness and tensile strength. The results were compared with basic matrix alloy. Furthermore, the OM, SEM with EDAX and XRD analyses were carried out to analyze the dispersion of the reinforced particles in the selected matrix alloy. It was observed that the homogeneous distribution of BLA particles in composites was intragranular in nature. Moreover, it was also observed that BLA particles were well bonded with matrix alloy with clear interface. It was also found that the density decreased with increase in mass fraction of BLA particles and porosity increased with increase in mass fraction of BLA particles. The hardness and tensile strength were increased up to 4% of BLA in the composite, with a further increase in BLA content the hardness and tensile strength decreased.

Applications of Fuzzy Logic Bioinformatics

Abstract: Applications of Fuzzy Logic Bioinformatics , Applications of Fuzzy Logic Bioinformatics , کتابخانه الکترونیک و دیجیتال - آذرسا