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Ankur Gupta

Other affiliations: National Institutes of Health, Samsung, SAS Institute  ...read more
Bio: Ankur Gupta is an academic researcher from Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur. The author has contributed to research in topics: Materials science & Medicine. The author has an hindex of 31, co-authored 230 publications receiving 4000 citations. Previous affiliations of Ankur Gupta include National Institutes of Health & Samsung.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The major methods to prepare nanoemulsions, theories to predict droplet size, physical conditions and chemical additives which affect droplet stability, and recent applications are summarized.
Abstract: Nanoemulsions are kinetically stable liquid-in-liquid dispersions with droplet sizes on the order of 100 nm. Their small size leads to useful properties such as high surface area per unit volume, robust stability, optically transparent appearance, and tunable rheology. Nanoemulsions are finding application in diverse areas such as drug delivery, food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and material synthesis. Additionally, they serve as model systems to understand nanoscale colloidal dispersions. High and low energy methods are used to prepare nanoemulsions, including high pressure homogenization, ultrasonication, phase inversion temperature and emulsion inversion point, as well as recently developed approaches such as bubble bursting method. In this review article, we summarize the major methods to prepare nanoemulsions, theories to predict droplet size, physical conditions and chemical additives which affect droplet stability, and recent applications.

869 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is argued that various motor symptoms in PD reflect dysfunction of neural structures responsible for action selection, motor sequencing, and coordination and execution of movement.

219 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
30 Mar 2012-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: TB rates during long-term ART remained substantially greater than rates in the local HIV uninfected populations regardless of duration of ART or attainment of CD4 cell counts exceeding 700 cells/µL.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is known to be associated with time-dependent reductions in tuberculosis (TB) incidence the long-term impact of ART on incidence remains imprecisely defined due to limited duration of follow-up and incomplete CD4 cell count recovery in existing studies. We determined TB incidence in a South African ART cohort with up to 8 years of follow-up and stratified rates according to CD4 cell count recovery. We compared these rates with those of HIV-uninfected individuals living in the same community. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Prospectively collected clinical data on patients receiving ART in a community-based cohort in Cape Town were analysed. 1544 patients with a median follow-up of 5.0 years (IQR 2.4-5.8) were included in the analysis. 484 episodes of incident TB (73.6% culture-confirmed) were diagnosed in 424 patients during 6506 person-years (PYs) of follow-up. The TB incidence rate during the first year of ART was 12.4 (95% CI 10.8-14.4) cases/100PYs and decreased to 4.92 (95% CI 3.64-8.62) cases/100PYs between 5 and 8 years of ART. During person-time accrued within CD4 cell strata 0-100 101-200 201-300 301-400 401-500 501-700 and >/=700 cells/microL TB incidence rates (95% CI) were 25.5 (21.6-30.3) 11.2 (9.4-13.5) 7.9 (6.4-9.7) 5.0 (3.9-6.6) 5.1 (3.8-6.8) 4.1 (3.1-5.4) and 2.7 (1.7-4.5) cases/100PYs respectively. Overall 75% (95% CI 70.9-78.8) of TB episodes were recurrent cases. Updated CD4 cell count and viral load measurements were independently associated with long-term TB risk. TB rates during person-time accrued in the highest CD4 cell count stratum (>700 cells/microL) were 4.4-fold higher that the rate in HIV uninfected individuals living in the same community (2.7 versus 0.62 cases/100PYs; 95%CI 0.58-0.65). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: TB rates during long-term ART remained substantially greater than rates in the local HIV uninfected populations regardless of duration of ART or attainment of CD4 cell counts exceeding 700 cells/microL.

200 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Oct 2005
TL;DR: Investigations revealed IOCC to be a very efficient media for the removal of As(V) from water, under varying operating conditions, and the Bohart and Adams sorption model was employed to determine characteristic parameters such as depth of exchange zone, time required for exchange zone to move its own height, adsorption rate, and advertisersorption capacity.
Abstract: Fixed-bed column studies were undertaken to evaluate the performance of iron oxide-coated cement (IOCC) in removing As(V), from aqueous environment, under varying operating conditions. Investigations revealed IOCC to be a very efficient media for the removal of As(V) from water. The Bohart and Adams sorption model was employed to determine characteristic parameters such as depth of exchange zone, time required for exchange zone to move its own height, adsorption rate, and adsorption capacity, useful for process design. The IOCC media effectively removed As(V) from a 2 mg/L solution with a maximum adsorption capacity of 505.3 mg/L. Predicted data points obtained using a Freundlich isotherm model were compared against experimental data points determined in the dynamic process. The effects of important design parameters such as flow rate and influent concentration on the As(V) breakthrough curves were also investigated. The bed depth service time (BDST) model was extended to the prediction of service times of columns operated at different flow rates and influent concentrations and these predicted values were compared with the experimental values. The columns were regenerated by eluting the bound As(V) with 10% NaOH after the adsorption studies.

184 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Photocatalytic degradation of methyl blue (MYB) was studied using Ag(+) doped TiO(2) under UV irradiation in a batch reactor and the predicted decolorization and mineralization rate of MYB were 95.97% and 80.33%, respectively.

128 citations


Cited by
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28 Jul 2005
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1(PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员,通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

18,940 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
06 Jun 1986-JAMA
TL;DR: The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or her own research.
Abstract: I have developed "tennis elbow" from lugging this book around the past four weeks, but it is worth the pain, the effort, and the aspirin. It is also worth the (relatively speaking) bargain price. Including appendixes, this book contains 894 pages of text. The entire panorama of the neural sciences is surveyed and examined, and it is comprehensive in its scope, from genomes to social behaviors. The editors explicitly state that the book is designed as "an introductory text for students of biology, behavior, and medicine," but it is hard to imagine any audience, interested in any fragment of neuroscience at any level of sophistication, that would not enjoy this book. The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or

7,563 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Strong acids and bases seem to be the best desorbing agents to produce arsenic concentrates, and some commercial adsorbents which include resins, gels, silica, treated silica tested for arsenic removal come out to be superior.

3,168 citations

01 Jan 2006

3,012 citations