Annamaria Viterbo

Bio: Annamaria Viterbo is an academic researcher from University of Turin. The author has contributed to research in topics: International economic law & International finance. The author has an hindex of 6, co-authored 26 publications receiving 94 citations. Previous affiliations of Annamaria Viterbo include Collegio Carlo Alberto.

International Economic Law and Monetary Measures: Limitations to States' Sovereignty and Dispute Settlement

Abstract: Contents: Introduction 1. International Monetary Stability and Global Financial Stability as Global Public Goods and the Role of International Economic Law 2. The Bretton Woods Institutions and their Role in the Provision of Global Public Goods: Focusing on International Monetary Stability 3. The Global Financial Architecture: Towards a Strengthened Institutional Framework for Global Financial Stability? 4. Exchange Restrictions and Capital Controls under the IMF Legal Framework 5. Exchange Restrictions and Capital Controls under the WTO Legal Framework 6. Exchange Restrictions and Capital Controls in International Investment Law 7. Exchange Rate Manipulation in International Economic Law Index

Capital account regulations and the trading system:a compatibility review

Abstract: This repository item contains a single issue of the Pardee Center Task Force Reports, a publication series that began publishing in 2009 by the Boston University Frederick S. Pardee Center for the Study of the Longer-Range Future. Spanish version produced by the Center for the Study of State and Society, Buenos Aires. Portuguese version coordinated by Daniela Magalhaes Prates, a contributing author of the report, in collaboration with Ana Trivellato (translator), and Maria Ines Amorozo (graphic designer).

International Economic Law and Monetary Measures

Abstract: The 2007–2010 global financial crisis re-opened the debate on the reform of the international monetary and financial system. This well-argued book demonstrates the strategic role of international economic law in ensuring international monetary stability and global financial stability.

Dispute Settlement Over Exchange Measures Affecting Trade and Investments: The Overlapping Jurisdiction of the IMF, WTO and ICSID

Abstract: One of the risks that international economic law is facing is the inability to give consistent answers to actual needs. Coherence, consistency and predictability of international law rules are particularly relevant in a global world and market, where private actors are increasingly gaining importance. All the fields of international economic law are so intertwined that reaching consistent interpretations is particularly difficult. The overlapping of areas of competence among the main organizations can lead to disruptive conflicts of norms, as well as to excessive fragmentation or sectoralisation. This is clearly observable in international monetary law, where litigations over monetary measures have been brought before other fora because the IMF does not provide for a mechanism to settle international disputes.To ensure coherence and to avoid the coming into existence of conflicting rights and obligations for States which have ratified the same treaties, substantial and procedural linkages have been inserted in a number of provisions. The need for coordination among different treaties is particularly felt for exchange controls and restrictions which affect the functioning of the international monetary system and the world of trade and investment. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate how exchange restrictions and controls are treated within the IMF, WTO and ICSID legal systems, and the degree of consistency of interpretation. After a brief overview of the international system as envisioned after World War II and of the various types of exchange measures, this paper will first analyze how the International Monetary Fund deals with exchange controls and restrictions. It will then examine the current legal aspects of the relationship between the monetary and trade systems, the GATT and GATS safeguard clauses on exchange restrictions consistent with IMF obligations, as well as the panels and Appellate Body decisions on monetary measures affecting trade. Lastly, it will consider how investment treaties take into account exchange restrictions on repatriation of profits and transfer of funds, and how the relative safeguard clauses are structured. An evaluation of the actual role of balance-of-payments clauses is eventually proposed.

What Do Trade Agreements Really Do

Abstract: As trade agreements have evolved and gone beyond import tariffs and quotas into regulatory rules and harmonization, they have become more difficult to fit into received economic theory. Nevertheless, most economists continue to regard trade agreements such as the Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) favorably. The default view seems to be that these arrangements get us closer to free trade by reducing transaction costs associated with regulatory differences or explicit protectionism. An alternative perspective is that trade agreements are the result of rent-seeking, self-interested behavior on the part of politically well-connected firms – international banks, pharmaceutical companies, multinational firms. They may result in freer, mutually beneficial trade, through exchange of market access. But they are as likely to produce purely redistributive outcomes under the guise of “freer trade.”

The international role of the Euro

Abstract: Probably about a quarter of the world’s foreign exchange reserves are denominated in euros and the euro appears to have gained importance as a reserve currency in recent years. The dollar is the world’s pre-eminent anchor currency; the euro is a regionally important anchor currency. The euro has made limited progress as a vehicle currency; the dollar remains dominant. The dollar is the most important currency for invoicing, but the euro is now used in some transactions in some new EU member countries. The euro is likely to remain important as a reserve currency, but is unlikely to usurp the dollar’s role as an anchor currency, a vehicle currency or as a unit of account in the foreseeable future.

The Political Economy of the Investment Treaty Regime

Abstract: Investment treaties are some of the most controversial but least understood instruments of global economic governance. Public interest in international investment arbitration is growing and some developed and developing countries are beginning to revisit their investment treaty policies. The Political Economy of the Investment Treaty Regime synthesises and advances the growing literature on this subject by integrating legal, economic, and political perspectives. Based on an analysis of the substantive and procedural rights conferred by investment treaties, it asks four basic questions. What are the costs and benefits of investment treaties for investors, states, and other stakeholders? Why did developed and developing countries sign the treaties? Why should private arbitrators be allowed to review public regulations passed by states? And what is the relationship between the investment treaty regime and the broader regime complex that governs international investment? Through a concise, but comprehensive, analysis, this book fills in some of the many "blind spots" of academics from different disciplines, and is the first port of call for lawyers, investors, policy-makers, and stakeholders trying to make sense of these critical instruments governing investor-state relations.

Bounded Rationality and Economic Diplomacy: The Politics of Investment Treaties in Developing Countries

Abstract: Preface: the curious case of Pakistan 1. Unanticipated consequences 2. Bounded rationality and the spread of investment treaties 3. A difficult beginning 4. Promoting investment treaties 5. A less then rational competition 6. Narcissistic learning 7. Letting down the guard: a case study 8. Expanding the bounds of rationality in the investment regime.