Explorations in Personality. A Clinical and Experimental Study of Fifty Men of College Age, New York (Oxford University Press) 1938.

The attention networks of the human brain are important control systems that develop from infancy into adulthood. While they are common to everyone, they differ in efficiency, forming the basis of individual differences in attention. We have developed methods for measuring the efficiency of these networks in older children and adults and have also examined their development from infancy. During infancy the alerting and orienting networks are dominant in control of the infant's actions, but later an executive network dominates. Each network has been associated with its main neuromodulator and these have led to associations with genes related to that network neuromodulator. The links between parent reports of their child's effortful control and the executive attention network allow us to associate molecular mechanisms to fundamental behavioural outcomes.This article is part of the theme issue 'Diverse perspectives on diversity: multi-disciplinary approaches to taxonomies of individual differences'.

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rstb.2017.0254

Temperament and brain networks of attention.

The impostor phenomenon is a pervasive psychological experience of perceived intellectual and professional fraudulence. It is not a diagnosable condition yet observed in clinical and normal populations. Increasingly, impostorism research has expanded beyond clinical and into applied settings. However, to date, a systematic review examining the methodological quality of impostorism measures used to conduct such research has yet to be carried out. This systematic review examines trait impostor phenomenon measures and evaluates their psychometric properties against a quality assessment framework. Systematic searches were carried out on six electronic databases, seeking original empirical studies examining the conceptualization, development, or validation of self-report impostor phenomenon scales. A subsequent review of reference lists also included two full-text dissertations. Predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria were specified to select the final 18 studies in the review sample. Of the studies included, four measures of the impostor phenomenon were identified and their psychometric properties assessed against the quality appraisal tool-Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale, Harvey Impostor Scale, Perceived Fraudulence Scale, and Leary Impostor Scale. The findings often highlighted that studies did not necessarily report poor psychometric properties; rather an absence of data and stringent assessment criteria resulted in lower methodological ratings. Recommendations for future research are made to address the conceptual clarification of the construct's dimensionality, to improve future study quality and to enable better discrimination between measures.

/pdf/impostor-phenomenon-measurement-scales-a-systematic-review-k0ipg4tlrc.pdf

Impostor Phenomenon Measurement Scales: A Systematic Review

Two sides of the career resources coin: Career adaptability resources and the impostor phenomenon

The effect of exposure to parodies of thin-ideal images on young women's body image and mood

We studied the accuracy of personality impressions relying on textual information on important life domains. Specifically, how is accuracy moderated by the trait being judged, information being provided, judgeability of target persons, and perceptiveness of judges? A sample of 208 students was recruited in groups of four mutual acquaintances who described themselves and each other on a measure of the Five-Factor Model of personality. Moreover, they wrote essays on their hobbies, friends, family, academic studies, and plans for the future and provided self-reports on possible predictors of expressive accuracy. The essays were delivered to 130 strangers who reported their impressions of the personality of the targets and provided self-reports on possible predictors of perceptive accuracy. Accuracy was measured by correlating these impressions with the descriptions of the targets by their acquaintances. The judges used the available information efficiently. Overall, impressions of Openness to Experience were most accurate, but accuracy depended on the information being provided. Several predictors of expressive and perceptive accuracy were identified using Biesanz's (2010) social accuracy model. The results advance our understanding of factors contributing to and moderating the accuracy of personality impressions based on textual information.

Accuracy of Judgments of Personality Based on Textual Information on Major Life Domains.

Validation of the German-language Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (GCIPS)

Adult playfulness and relationship satisfaction: An APIM analysis of romantic couples

Adult playfulness contributes to well-functioning romantic relationships, claim the authors, who study the association between playfulness of several kinds (other directed, lighthearted, intellectual, whimsical) and six specific attitudes towards love they call love styles—eros, ludus, storge, pragma, mania and agape. To do so, they engaged seventy-seven heterosexual couples to rate the love styles against a checklist for playful behaviors in romantic relationships the authors call the Playful Love Checklist (PLC). The authors then analyzed the responses for similarities and robust associations, either negative or positive, between partners for their views on playfulness in love relationships. Their findings suggest, among other things, that current conceptualizations of playfulness do not much overlap with what other researchers have called the ludic lover, and the authors’ analysis of self-ratings and partner ratings contributes to our understanding of the association between playfulness and love styles.

/pdf/beyond-the-ludic-lover-individual-differences-in-playfulness-eqdosi4w81.pdf

Beyond the Ludic Lover: Individual Differences in Playfulness and Love Styles in Heterosexual Relationships.

. Adult playfulness is an individual differences variable that allows people to (re-)frame everyday situations in a way to make them entertaining, stimulating, and/or interesting. Recently,...

Assessing other-directed, lighthearted, intellectual, and whimsical playfulness in adults: Development and initial validation of the OLIW-S using self- and peer-ratings.

Annegret Wolf

Papers

Accuracy of Judgments of Personality Based on Textual Information on Major Life Domains.

Validation of the German-language Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (GCIPS)

Adult playfulness and relationship satisfaction: An APIM analysis of romantic couples

Beyond the Ludic Lover: Individual Differences in Playfulness and Love Styles in Heterosexual Relationships.

Assessing other-directed, lighthearted, intellectual, and whimsical playfulness in adults: Development and initial validation of the OLIW-S using self- and peer-ratings.