Showing papers by "Anthony Bottoms published in 2004"
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the initial theoretical underpinnings for a fresh prospective study of desistance, focused on 20-year-old recidivists, with special reference to their age-transitional status and the relevance of 'community' in their lives.
Abstract: This article presents the initial theoretical underpinnings for a fresh prospective study of desistance, focused on 20-year-old recidivists. It is argued that significant crime-free gaps appropriately form part of the subject matter of desistance. An interactive theoretical framework is presented, involving 'programmed potential', 'social context' (structures, culture, situations) and 'agency'. It is argued that agency, while rightly attracting increasing interest within criminology, needs to be used with greater precision. Aspects of the social context of the research subjects' lives are summarised, with special reference to their age-transitional status and the relevance of 'community' in their lives. Since most criminal careers, even of recidivists, are short, the implications of subjects' movement from conformity to criminality and back to conformity require greater thought among criminologists and criminal justice professionals. However, these broad movements contain significant oscillations, and 'crime' is not a unidimensional concept in the lives of the research subjects. Capturing and explaining the complexity of these matters longitudinally is a significant challenge for the research.
275 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the initial theoretical underpinnings for a fresh prospective study of desistance, focused on 20-year-old recidivists, with special reference to their age-transitional status and the relevance of community in their lives.
Abstract: This article presents the initial theoretical underpinnings for a fresh prospective study of desistance, focused on 20-year-old recidivists. It is argued that significant crime-free gaps appropriately form part of the subject matter of desistance. An interactive theoretical framework is presented, involving ‘programmed potential’, ‘social context’ (structures, culture, situations) and ‘agency’. It is argued that agency, while rightly attracting increasing interest within criminology, needs to be used with greater precision. Aspects of the social context of the research subjects' lives are summarised, with special reference to their age-transitional status and the relevance of ‘community’ in their lives. Since most criminal careers, even of recidivists, are short, the implications of subjects' movement from conformity to criminality and back to conformity require greater thought among criminologists and criminal justice professionals. However, these broad movements contain significant oscillations, and ‘crime’ is not a unidimensional concept in the lives of the research subjects. Capturing and explaining the complexity of these matters longitudinally is a significant challenge for the research.
245 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a series of guidelines for dealing with substance-misusing offenders in the community, including rehabilitation, reintegration, and rehabilitation-and re-integrative approaches.
Abstract: Preface 1. How Did We Get Here? The Editors 2. Trends in Crime, Victimisation and Punishment, Chris Lewis 3. Empirical Research Relevant to Sentencing Frameworks, Anthony Bottoms 4. Public Opinion and Community Penalties, Shadd Maruna and Anna King 5. Punishment as Communication, Sue Rex 6. Diversionary and Nonsupervisory Approaches to Dealing with Offenders, George Mair 7. Reparative and Restorative Approaches, Gill McIvor 8. Rehabilitative and Reintegrative Approaches, Peter Raynor 9. Electronic Monitoring and the Community Supervision of Offenders, Mike Nellis 10. Dealing with Substance-misusing Offenders in the Community, Judith Rumgay 11. Intensive Projects for Prolific/Persistent Offenders, Anne Worrall and Rob C. Mawby 12. What Guides Sentencing Decisions? Martin Wasik 13. Sentence Management, Gwen Robinson and James Dignan 14. Dimensions of Difference, Hazel Kemshall, Rob Canton and Roy Bailey 15. Attitudes to Punishment in Two High-crime Communities, Anthony Bottoms and Andrew Wilson 16. Pulling some threads together, The Editors
77 citations
TL;DR: The English and Scottish youth justice systems share a commitment to preventive as opposed to retributive goals, but pursue them in sharply contrasting ways as discussed by the authors, where the English youth justice system is committed to preventive and the Scottish system is a welfare-based system committed to harm to children.
Abstract: The English and Scottish youth justice systems share a commitment to preventive as opposed to retributive goals, but pursue them in sharply contrasting ways. In Scotland, a unified welfare-based system, committed to the prevention of harm to children, encompasses children who offend and children in social jeopardy. It uniquely and radically separates functions between the courts as factual and legal arbiters and children's hearings as treatment tribunals. A correctionalist system, committed to the prevention of offending, has emerged in England. It repudiates earlier views that young offenders should be left to "grow out of crime" with minimal state intervention. Subsidiary goals include responsibilization (of offenders and parents), reparation, and case-processing efficiency. It is characterized by much institutional innovation, including introduction of multiagency youth offending teams. This "joined up" approach stops short of encompassing "care" and "offense" cases within the same jurisdiction as Scot...
51 citations