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Antoine Veillard

Bio: Antoine Veillard is an academic researcher from Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Convolutional neural network & Deep learning. The author has an hindex of 13, co-authored 31 publications receiving 922 citations. Previous affiliations of Antoine Veillard include National University of Singapore & University of Paris.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study presents, discusses, and extracts the major trends from an exhaustive overview of various nuclei detection, segmentation, feature computation, and classification techniques used in histopathology imagery, specifically in hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining protocols.
Abstract: Digital pathology represents one of the major evolutions in modern medicine. Pathological examinations constitute the gold standard in many medical protocols, and also play a critical and legal role in the diagnosis process. In the conventional cancer diagnosis, pathologists analyze biopsies to make diagnostic and prognostic assessments, mainly based on the cell morphology and architecture distribution. Recently, computerized methods have been rapidly evolving in the area of digital pathology, with growing applications related to nuclei detection, segmentation, and classification. In cancer research, these approaches have played, and will continue to play a key (often bottleneck) role in minimizing human intervention, consolidating pertinent second opinions, and providing traceable clinical information. Pathological studies have been conducted for numerous cancer detection and grading applications, including brain, breast, cervix, lung, and prostate cancer grading. Our study presents, discusses, and extracts the major trends from an exhaustive overview of various nuclei detection, segmentation, feature computation, and classification techniques used in histopathology imagery, specifically in hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining protocols. This study also enables us to measure the challenges that remain, in order to reach robust analysis of whole slide images, essential high content imaging with diagnostic biomarkers and prognosis support in digital pathology.

567 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive study that systematically evaluates FVs and CNNs for image instance retrieval is presented, which shows that no descriptor is systematically better than the other and that performance gains can usually be obtained by using both types together.

90 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An innovative platform in which multi-scale computer vision algorithms perform fast analysis of a histopathological WSI, which relies on application-driven for high-resolution and generic for low-resolution image analysis algorithms embedded in a multi- scale framework to rapidly identify the high power fields of interest used by the pathologist to assess a global grading.

80 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: In-depth evaluation shows that the proposed DeepHash scheme consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods across all data sets for both Fisher Vectors and Deep Convolutional Neural Network features, by up to 20 percent over other schemes.
Abstract: This work focuses on representing very high-dimensional global image descriptors using very compact 64-1024 bit binary hashes for instance retrieval. We propose DeepHash: a hashing scheme based on deep networks. Key to making DeepHash work at extremely low bitrates are three important considerations -- regularization, depth and fine-tuning -- each requiring solutions specific to the hashing problem. In-depth evaluation shows that our scheme consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods across all data sets for both Fisher Vectors and Deep Convolutional Neural Network features, by up to 20 percent over other schemes. The retrieval performance with 256-bit hashes is close to that of the uncompressed floating point features -- a remarkable 512 times compression.

40 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Mar 2016
TL;DR: Unsupervised Triplet Hashing (UTH) as mentioned in this paper is a fully unsupervised method to compute extremely compact binary hashes from high-dimensional global descriptors, which consists of two successive deep learning steps.
Abstract: A typical image retrieval pipeline starts with the comparison of global descriptors from a large database to find a short list of candidate matches. A good image descriptor is key to the retrieval pipeline and should reconcile two contradictory requirements: providing recall rates as high as possible and being as compact as possible for fast matching. Following the recent successes of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) for large scale image classification, descriptors extracted from DCNNs are increasingly used in place of the traditional hand crafted descriptors such as Fisher Vectors (FV) with better retrieval performances. Nevertheless, the dimensionality of a typical DCNN descriptor–extracted either from the visual feature pyramid or the fully-connected layers–remains quite high at several thousands of scalar values. In this paper, we propose Unsupervised Triplet Hashing (UTH), a fully unsupervised method to compute extremely compact binary hashes–in the 32-256 bits range–from high-dimensional global descriptors. UTH consists of two successive deep learning steps. First, Stacked Restricted Boltzmann Machines (SRBM), a type of unsupervised deep neural nets, are used to learn binary embedding functions able to bring the descriptor size down to the desired bitrate. SRBMs are typically able to ensure a very high compression rate at the expense of loosing some desirable metric properties of the original DCNN descriptor space. Then, triplet networks, a rank learning scheme based on weight sharing nets is used to fine-tune the binary embedding functions to retain as much as possible of the useful metric properties of the original space. A thorough empirical evaluation conducted on multiple publicly available dataset using DCNN descriptors shows that our method is able to significantly outperform state-of-the-art unsupervised schemes in the target bit range.

25 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A broad survey of the recent advances in convolutional neural networks can be found in this article, where the authors discuss the improvements of CNN on different aspects, namely, layer design, activation function, loss function, regularization, optimization and fast computation.

3,125 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review, which focuses on the application of CNNs to image classification tasks, covers their development, from their predecessors up to recent state-of-the-art deep learning systems.
Abstract: Convolutional neural networks CNNs have been applied to visual tasks since the late 1980s. However, despite a few scattered applications, they were dormant until the mid-2000s when developments in computing power and the advent of large amounts of labeled data, supplemented by improved algorithms, contributed to their advancement and brought them to the forefront of a neural network renaissance that has seen rapid progression since 2012. In this review, which focuses on the application of CNNs to image classification tasks, we cover their development, from their predecessors up to recent state-of-the-art deep learning systems. Along the way, we analyze 1 their early successes, 2 their role in the deep learning renaissance, 3 selected symbolic works that have contributed to their recent popularity, and 4 several improvement attempts by reviewing contributions and challenges of over 300 publications. We also introduce some of their current trends and remaining challenges.

2,366 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: This paper details the improvements of CNN on different aspects, including layer design, activation function, loss function, regularization, optimization and fast computation, and introduces various applications of convolutional neural networks in computer vision, speech and natural language processing.
Abstract: In the last few years, deep learning has led to very good performance on a variety of problems, such as visual recognition, speech recognition and natural language processing. Among different types of deep neural networks, convolutional neural networks have been most extensively studied. Leveraging on the rapid growth in the amount of the annotated data and the great improvements in the strengths of graphics processor units, the research on convolutional neural networks has been emerged swiftly and achieved state-of-the-art results on various tasks. In this paper, we provide a broad survey of the recent advances in convolutional neural networks. We detailize the improvements of CNN on different aspects, including layer design, activation function, loss function, regularization, optimization and fast computation. Besides, we also introduce various applications of convolutional neural networks in computer vision, speech and natural language processing.

1,302 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A Spatially Constrained Convolutional Neural Network (SC-CNN) to perform nucleus detection and a novel Neighboring Ensemble Predictor (NEP) coupled with CNN to more accurately predict the class label of detected cell nuclei are proposed.
Abstract: Detection and classification of cell nuclei in histopathology images of cancerous tissue stained with the standard hematoxylin and eosin stain is a challenging task due to cellular heterogeneity. Deep learning approaches have been shown to produce encouraging results on histopathology images in various studies. In this paper, we propose a Spatially Constrained Convolutional Neural Network (SC-CNN) to perform nucleus detection. SC-CNN regresses the likelihood of a pixel being the center of a nucleus, where high probability values are spatially constrained to locate in the vicinity of the centers of nuclei. For classification of nuclei, we propose a novel Neighboring Ensemble Predictor (NEP) coupled with CNN to more accurately predict the class label of detected cell nuclei. The proposed approaches for detection and classification do not require segmentation of nuclei. We have evaluated them on a large dataset of colorectal adenocarcinoma images, consisting of more than 20,000 annotated nuclei belonging to four different classes. Our results show that the joint detection and classification of the proposed SC-CNN and NEP produces the highest average F1 score as compared to other recently published approaches. Prospectively, the proposed methods could offer benefit to pathology practice in terms of quantitative analysis of tissue constituents in whole-slide images, and potentially lead to a better understanding of cancer.

1,043 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper investigates concepts through seven unique DP tasks as use cases to elucidate techniques needed to produce comparable, and in many cases, superior to results from the state-of-the-art hand-crafted feature-based classification approaches.

928 citations