Antonio Vitiello

Bio: Antonio Vitiello is an academic researcher from University of Naples Federico II. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & Sleeve gastrectomy. The author has an hindex of 11, co-authored 56 publications receiving 1690 citations.

IFSO Worldwide Survey 2016: Primary, Endoluminal, and Revisional Procedures.

Abstract: Background and aim The International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO), being a Federation of 62 national societies, is the ideal network to monitor the number and type of procedures at a global level. The IFSO survey, enriched with a special section on revisional procedures, aims to report the number and types of bariatric procedures performed worldwide in 2016 and analyzes the surgical trends from 2008 to 2016. Methods The 2016 IFSO Survey form was emailed to all IFSO societies. Each Society was requested to indicate the number and type of bariatric procedures performed in the country. Trend analyses from 2008 to 2016 were also performed. Results The total number of bariatric/metabolic procedures performed in 2016 was 685,874; 634,897 (92.6%) of which were primary and 50,977 were revisional (7.4%). Among the primary interventions, 609,897 (96%) were surgical and 25,359 (4%) were endoluminal. The most performed primary surgical bariatric/metabolic procedure was sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (N = 340,550; 53.6%), followed by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (N = 191,326; 30.1%), and one-anastomosis gastric bypass (N = 30,563; 4.8%). Conclusions In 2016, there was an increase in the total number both of surgical and endoluminal bariatric/metabolic procedures. Revisional procedures represent about 7% of the total bariatric interventions. SG remains the most performed surgical procedure in the world.

Analysis of thermomechanical behaviour of Nitinol wires with high strain rates

Abstract: From experimental evidence it has been possible to conclude that the strain rate has a great effect on the shape memory alloy load–displacement response. Because in some applications, for example the case for dissipative devices, the strain rate varies over a wide range, it is very important to be able to predict the mechanical behaviour of these materials. As regards this aspect of shape memory alloys, there are many analytical models able to predict the stress field related to deformations that the material is subjected to, but they are valid only in static loading cases. In the case of high strain rates, it is necessary to couple to a mechanical model an equation able to account for internal heat produced both as phase transition latent heat and by mechanical dissipation. In this paper, on the basis of Tanaka's model, we try to predict the mechanical behaviour of NiTi wires subjected to tensile tests with various strain rates (, 0.001, 0.1, 0.5 s−1); numerical results are compared with experimental results.

Advances in the Omicron variant development

Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV)‐2 has spread worldwide, leading the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare a pandemic, on 11 March 2020. Variants of concern have appeared at regular intervals—Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and now Omicron. Omicron variant, first identified in Botswana in November 2021, is rapidly becoming the dominant circulating variant. In this review, we provide an overview regarding the molecular profile of the Omicron variant, epidemiology, transmissibility, the impact on vaccines, as well as vaccine escape, and finally, we report the pharmacological agents able to block the endocellular entry of SARS‐CoV‐2 or to inhibit its viral replication. The Omicron has more than 50 mutations, of which the spike protein has 26–35 amino acids different from the original SARS‐CoV‐2 virus or the Delta, some of which are associated with humoral immune escape potential and greater transmissibility. Omicron has a significant growth advantage over Delta, leading to rapid spread with higher incidence levels. The disease so far has been mild compared to the Delta. The two vaccination doses offer little or no protection against Omicron infection while the booster doses provide significant protection against mild illness and likely offer even greater levels of protection against serious illness. Recently, new oral antiviral agents such as molnupiravir and paxlovid have been approved and represent important therapeutic alternatives to antiviral remdesivir. In addition, monoclonal antibodies such as casirivimab/imdevimab bind different epitopes of the spike protein receptor; is this class of drugs effective against the Omicron variant? However, more research is needed to define whether Omicron is indeed more infectious and whether the vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and antivirals currently available are effective.

Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract: Summary Background Since December, 2019, Wuhan, China, has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 have been reported but risk factors for mortality and a detailed clinical course of illness, including viral shedding, have not been well described. Methods In this retrospective, multicentre cohort study, we included all adult inpatients (≥18 years old) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Jinyintan Hospital and Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital (Wuhan, China) who had been discharged or had died by Jan 31, 2020. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory data, including serial samples for viral RNA detection, were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between survivors and non-survivors. We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods to explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital death. Findings 191 patients (135 from Jinyintan Hospital and 56 from Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital) were included in this study, of whom 137 were discharged and 54 died in hospital. 91 (48%) patients had a comorbidity, with hypertension being the most common (58 [30%] patients), followed by diabetes (36 [19%] patients) and coronary heart disease (15 [8%] patients). Multivariable regression showed increasing odds of in-hospital death associated with older age (odds ratio 1·10, 95% CI 1·03–1·17, per year increase; p=0·0043), higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (5·65, 2·61–12·23; p Interpretation The potential risk factors of older age, high SOFA score, and d-dimer greater than 1 μg/mL could help clinicians to identify patients with poor prognosis at an early stage. Prolonged viral shedding provides the rationale for a strategy of isolation of infected patients and optimal antiviral interventions in the future. Funding Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences; National Science Grant for Distinguished Young Scholars; National Key Research and Development Program of China; The Beijing Science and Technology Project; and Major Projects of National Science and Technology on New Drug Creation and Development.

Bariatric Surgery Worldwide 2013.

Abstract: The first global survey of bariatric/metabolic surgery based on data from the nations or national groupings of the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases (IFSO) was published in 1998, followed by reports in 2003, 2009, 2011, and 2012. In this survey, we report a global overview of worldwide bariatric surgery in 2013. A questionnaire evaluating the number and the type of bariatric procedure performed in 2013 was emailed to all members of bariatric societies belonging to IFSO. Trend analyses from 2003 to 2013 were also performed. There were 49/54 (90.7 %) responders; 37 of the 49 with national registries. The total number of bariatric procedures performed worldwide in 2013 was 468,609, 95.7 % carried out laparoscopically. The highest number (n = 154,276) was from the USA/Canada region. The most commonly performed procedure in the world was Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), 45 %; followed by sleeve gastrectomy (SG), 37 %; and adjustable gastric banding (AGB), 10 %. Most significant were the rise in prevalence of SG from 0 to 37 % of the world total from 2003 to 2013, and the fall in AGB of 68 % from its peak in 2008 to 2013. SG is currently the most frequently performed procedure in the USA/Canada and in the Asia/Pacific regions, and second to RYGB in the Europe and Latin/South America regions. The accuracy of the IFSO-based world survey of procedures would be enhanced if each nation or national group would create a national registry.

IFSO Worldwide Survey 2016: Primary, Endoluminal, and Revisional Procedures.

Abstract: Background and aim The International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders (IFSO), being a Federation of 62 national societies, is the ideal network to monitor the number and type of procedures at a global level. The IFSO survey, enriched with a special section on revisional procedures, aims to report the number and types of bariatric procedures performed worldwide in 2016 and analyzes the surgical trends from 2008 to 2016. Methods The 2016 IFSO Survey form was emailed to all IFSO societies. Each Society was requested to indicate the number and type of bariatric procedures performed in the country. Trend analyses from 2008 to 2016 were also performed. Results The total number of bariatric/metabolic procedures performed in 2016 was 685,874; 634,897 (92.6%) of which were primary and 50,977 were revisional (7.4%). Among the primary interventions, 609,897 (96%) were surgical and 25,359 (4%) were endoluminal. The most performed primary surgical bariatric/metabolic procedure was sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (N = 340,550; 53.6%), followed by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (N = 191,326; 30.1%), and one-anastomosis gastric bypass (N = 30,563; 4.8%). Conclusions In 2016, there was an increase in the total number both of surgical and endoluminal bariatric/metabolic procedures. Revisional procedures represent about 7% of the total bariatric interventions. SG remains the most performed surgical procedure in the world.