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Arlene P. Bartolome

Bio: Arlene P. Bartolome is an academic researcher from Academia Sinica. The author has contributed to research in topics: Bidens pilosa & Streptocaulon. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 3 publications receiving 337 citations. Previous affiliations of Arlene P. Bartolome include University of the Philippines & University of the Philippines Diliman.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Blood glucose-lowering medicinal herbs that have the ability to modulate one or more of the pathways that regulate insulin resistance, β-cell function, GLP-1 homeostasis, and glucose (re)absorption are selected and discussed.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus has been recognized since antiquity. It currently affects as many as 285 million people worldwide and results in heavy personal and national economic burdens. Considerable progress has been made in orthodox antidiabetic drugs. However, new remedies are still in great demand because of the limited efficacy and undesirable side effects of current orthodox drugs. Nature is an extraordinary source of antidiabetic medicines. To date, more than 1200 flowering plants have been claimed to have antidiabetic properties. Among them, one-third have been scientifically studied and documented in around 460 publications. In this review, we select and discuss blood glucose-lowering medicinal herbs that have the ability to modulate one or more of the pathways that regulate insulin resistance, β-cell function, GLP-1 homeostasis, and glucose (re)absorption. Emphasis is placed on phytochemistry, anti-diabetic bioactivities, and likely mechanism(s). Recent progress in the understanding of the biological actions, mechanisms, and therapeutic potential of compounds and extracts of plant origin in type 2 diabetes is summarized. This review provides a source of up-to-date information for further basic and clinical research into herbal therapy for type 2 diabetes. Emerging views on therapeutic strategies for type 2 diabetes are also discussed.

228 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present review aims to summarize up-to-date information on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of B. pilosa from the literature and gives guidance for further basic and clinical research into this plant.
Abstract: There are 230 to 240 known Bidens species. Among them, Bidens pilosa is a representative perennial herb, globally distributed across temperate and tropical regions. B. pilosa has been traditionally used in foods and medicines without obvious adverse effects. Despite significant progress in phytochemical and biological analyses of B. pilosa over the past few years, comprehensive and critical reviews of this plant are anachronistic or relatively limited in scope. The present review aims to summarize up-to-date information on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of B. pilosa from the literature. In addition to botanical studies and records of the traditional use of B. pilosa in over 40 diseases, scientific studies investigating the potential medicinal uses of this species and its constituent phytochemicals for a variety of disorders are presented and discussed. The structure, bioactivity, and likely mechanisms of action of B. pilosa and its phytochemicals are emphasized. Although some progress has been made, further rigorous efforts are required to investigate the individual compounds isolated from B. pilosa to understand and validate its traditional uses and develop clinical applications. The present review provides preliminary information and gives guidance for further basic and clinical research into this plant.

182 citations

01 Jan 2017
TL;DR: This paper aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, as to provide real-time information about the concrete mechanical properties of E-modulus chemoreception and its applications in agriculture and medicine.
Abstract: Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines Institute of Human Genetics (CNRS UPR-1142), Montpellier, France Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Unit 3060, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan Institute of Pharmacology, Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan

Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review compiles the principal articles on medicinal plants used for treating diabetes and its comorbidities, as well as mechanisms of natural products as antidiabetic agents, and considers compounds of high interest as potential antidiabetics.
Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. High blood sugar can produce long-term complications such as cardiovascular and renal disorders, retinopathy, and poor blood flow. Its development can be prevented or delayed in people with impaired glucose tolerance by implementing lifestyle changes or the use of therapeutic agents. Some of these drugs have been obtained from plants or have a microbial origin, such as galegine isolated from Galega officinalis, which has a great similarity to the antidiabetic drug metformin. Picnogenol, acarbose, miglitol, and voglibose are other antidiabetic products of natural origin. This review compiles the principal articles on medicinal plants used for treating diabetes and its comorbidities, as well as mechanisms of natural products as antidiabetic agents. Inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, effects on glucose uptake and glucose transporters, modification of mechanisms mediated by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B activity, modification of gene expression, and activities of hormones involved in glucose homeostasis such as adiponectin, resistin, and incretin, and reduction of oxidative stress are some of the mechanisms in which natural products are involved. We also review the most relevant clinical trials performed with medicinal plants and natural products such as aloe, banaba, bitter melon, caper, cinnamon, cocoa, coffee, fenugreek, garlic, guava, gymnema, nettle, sage, soybean, green and black tea, turmeric, walnut, and yerba mate. Compounds of high interest as potential antidiabetics are: fukugetin, palmatine, berberine, honokiol, amorfrutins, trigonelline, gymnemic acids, gurmarin, and phlorizin.

323 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
14 Sep 2017
TL;DR: The role of endophytic bacteria in synthesis and modulation of bioactive compounds is summarized, which helps the plants to establish systemic resistance against pathogens invasion.
Abstract: In recent years, bioactive compounds are in high demand in the pharmaceuticals and naturopathy, due to their health benefits to human and plants. Microorganisms synthesize these compounds and some enzymes either alone or in association with plants. Microbes residing inside the plant tissues, known as endophytes, also produce an array of these compounds. Endophytic actinomycetes act as a promising resource of biotechnologically valuable bioactive compounds and secondary metabolites. Endophytic Streptomyces sp. produced some novel antibiotics which are effective against multi-drug-resistant bacteria Antimicrobial agents produced by endophytes are eco-friendly, toxic to pathogens and do not harm the human. Endophytic inoculation of the plants modulates the synthesis of bioactive compounds with high pharmaceutical properties besides promoting growth of the plants. Hydrolases, the extracellular enzymes, produced by endophytic bacteria, help the plants to establish systemic resistance against pathogens invasion. Phytohormones produced by endophytes play an essential role in plant development and drought resistance management. The high diversity of endophytes and their adaptation to various environmental stresses seem to be an untapped source of new secondary metabolites. The present review summarizes the role of endophytic bacteria in synthesis and modulation of bioactive compounds.

190 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The extraction, isolation and identification of bioactive compounds and its molecular mechanisms in the prevention of diabetes associated complications are described.
Abstract: Diabetes is a metabolic, endocrine disorder which is characterized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance due to insulin resistance. Extensive research has confirmed that inflammation is closely involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Patients with diabetes display typical features of an inflammatory process characterized by the presence of cytokines, immune cell infiltration, impaired function and tissue destruction. Numerous anti-diabetic drugs are often prescribed to diabetic patients, to reduce the risk of diabetes through modulation of inflammation. However, those anti-diabetic drugs are often not successful as a result of side effects; therefore, researchers are searching for efficient natural therapeutic targets with less or no side effects. Natural products’ derived bioactive molecules have been proven to improve insulin resistance and associated complications through suppression of inflammatory signaling pathways. In this review article, we described the extraction, isolation and identification of bioactive compounds and its molecular mechanisms in the prevention of diabetes associated complications.

144 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An update of the findings from clinical research into medicinal plant therapy for T2DM is presented, finding bioactive molecules isolated from natural sources have been proven to lower blood glucose levels via regulating one or more of the following mechanisms.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that majorly affects the endocrine gland, and it is symbolized by hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance owing to deficient insulin secretory responses and beta cell dysfunction. This ailment affects as many as 451 million people worldwide, and it is also one of the leading causes of death. In spite of the immense advances made in the development of orthodox antidiabetic drugs, these drugs are often considered not successful for the management and treatment of T2DM due to the myriad side effects associated with them. Thus, the exploration of medicinal herbs and natural products as therapeutic sources for the treatment of T2DM is promoted because they have little or no side effects. Bioactive molecules isolated from natural sources have been proven to lower blood glucose levels via regulating one or more of the following mechanisms: improvement of beta cell function, insulin resistance, glucose (re)absorption, and glucagon-like peptide-1 homeostasis. In recent times, the mechanisms of action of different bioactive molecules with antidiabetic properties and phytochemistry are gaining a lot of attention in the area of drug discovery. This review article presents an update of the findings from clinical research into medicinal plant therapy for T2DM.

127 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of the search indicate that wild fruits and vegetables are nutritionally rich and high in phytochemicals, especially antioxidants and therefore can possibly play a significant and positive role in delivering a healthy and balanced diet.

121 citations