Aron Vrtala

TL;DR: First results from the CLOUD experiment at CERN are presented, finding that atmospherically relevant ammonia mixing ratios of 100 parts per trillion by volume, or less, increase the nucleation rate of sulphuric acid particles more than 100–1,000-fold and ion-induced binary nucleation of H2SO4–H2O can occur in the mid-troposphere but is negligible in the boundary layer.

TL;DR: The results show that, in regions of the atmosphere near amine sources, both amines and sulphur dioxide should be considered when assessing the impact of anthropogenic activities on particle formation.

TL;DR: It is shown, in experiments performed with the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets) chamber at CERN, that sulfuric acid and oxidized organic vapors at atmospheric concentrations reproduce particle nucleation rates observed in the lower atmosphere.

TL;DR: A smooth transition in activation behavior as a function of size and activation to occur well before the onset of homogeneous nucleation is found.

TL;DR: In this paper, the applicability of different theories ranging from exact models to analytical solutions for binary droplet growth or evaporation is discussed. And it can be stated that for slow condensation, simple linearized approaches yield satisfactory approximations, however, for rapid condensation and strong coupling of fluxes, only exact nonlinear expressions accounting for coupled mass and heat fluxes are applicable.