Author
Arthur Kleinman
Other affiliations: National Taiwan University, Cambridge Hospital, Cornell University ...read more
Bio: Arthur Kleinman is an academic researcher from Harvard University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Mental health & Health care. The author has an hindex of 86, co-authored 325 publications receiving 42009 citations. Previous affiliations of Arthur Kleinman include National Taiwan University & Cambridge Hospital.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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02 Oct 1989TL;DR: Based on twenty years of clinical experience studying and treating chronic illness, a Harvard psychiatrist and anthropologist argues that diagnosing illness is an art tragically neglected by modern medical training, and presents a compelling case for bridging the gap between patient and doctor.
Abstract: Based on twenty years of clinical experience studying and treating chronic illness, a Harvard psychiatrist and anthropologist argues that diagnosing illness is an art tragically neglected by modern medical training, and presents a compelling case for bridging the gap between patient and doctor.
3,182 citations
TL;DR: This book discusses the construction of Illness Experience and Behavior in Chinese Culture in the context of Health Care Systems, Culture, Health Care systems, and Clinical Reality and its consequences.
Abstract: List of Figures Preface 1. Orientations 1: The Problem, the Setting, and the Approach 2. Orientations 2: Culture, Health Care Systems, and Clinical Reality 3. Orientations 3: Core Clinical Functions and Explanatory Models 4. The Cultural Construction of Illness Experience and Behavior, 1: Affects and Symptoms in Chinese Culture 5. The Cultural Construction of Illness Experience and Behavior, 2: A Model of Somatization of Dysphoric Affects and Affective Disorders 6. Family-Based Popular Health Care 7. Patients and Healers: Transactions Between Explanatory Models and Clinical Realities. Part 1. Sacred Folk Healer-Client Relationships 8. Patients and Healers: Transactions Between Explanatory Models and Clinical Realities. Part 2: Professional Practitioner-Patient and Family-Patient Relationships 9. The Healing Process 10. Epilogue: Implications Glossary Bibliography Index
3,130 citations
TL;DR: A limited set of concepts derived from anthropologic and cross-cultural research may provide an alternative framework for identifying issues that require resolution, including a fundamental distinction between disease and illness and the notion of the cultural construction of clinical reality.
Abstract: Major health care problems such as patient dissatisfaction, inequity of access to care, and spiraling costs no longer seem amenable to traditional biomedical solutions. Concepts derived from anthropologic and cross-cultural research may provide an alternative framework for identifying issues that require resolution. A limited set of such con- cepts is described and illustrated, including a fundamental distinction between disease and illness, and the notion of the cultural construction of clinical reality. These social science concepts can be developed into clinical strategies with direct application in practice and teaching. One such strategy is outlined as an example of a clinical social science capa- ble of translating concepts from cultural anthropology into clinical language for practical application. The implemen- tation of this approach in medical teaching and practice requires more support, both curricular and financial.
2,714 citations
Wellcome Trust1, University of London2, Dana Corporation3, University of Toronto4, Federal University of São Paulo5, Duke University6, University of Wisconsin-Madison7, University of Oxford8, John E. Fogarty International Center9, University of Queensland10, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention11, Harvard University12, Johns Hopkins University13, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences14, King's College London15, University of Ibadan16, Cayetano Heredia University17, University of California, Berkeley18, Indian Institute of Science19, University of Cambridge20, World Health Organization21, Health Canada22, University of Cape Town23, National Health and Medical Research Council24, Medical Research Council25, Canadian Institutes of Health Research26, National Institutes of Health27
TL;DR: A consortium of researchers, advocates and clinicians announces here research priorities for improving the lives of people with mental illness around the world, and calls for urgent action and investment.
Abstract: A consortium of researchers, advocates and clinicians announces here research priorities for improving the lives of people with mental illness around the world, and calls for urgent action and investment.
1,726 citations
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TL;DR: A review of the psychological impact of quarantine using three electronic databases is presented in this article, where the authors report negative psychological effects including post-traumatic stress symptoms, confusion, and anger.
10,370 citations
TL;DR: Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated and age-specific prevalence of YLDs increased with age in all regions and has decreased slightly from 1990 to 2010, but population growth and ageing have increased YLD numbers and crude rates over the past two decades.
7,021 citations
Book•
08 Sep 2020TL;DR: A review of the comparative database from across the behavioral sciences suggests both that there is substantial variability in experimental results across populations and that WEIRD subjects are particularly unusual compared with the rest of the species – frequent outliers.
Abstract: Behavioral scientists routinely publish broad claims about human psychology and behavior in the world's top journals based on samples drawn entirely from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies. Researchers - often implicitly - assume that either there is little variation across human populations, or that these "standard subjects" are as representative of the species as any other population. Are these assumptions justified? Here, our review of the comparative database from across the behavioral sciences suggests both that there is substantial variability in experimental results across populations and that WEIRD subjects are particularly unusual compared with the rest of the species - frequent outliers. The domains reviewed include visual perception, fairness, cooperation, spatial reasoning, categorization and inferential induction, moral reasoning, reasoning styles, self-concepts and related motivations, and the heritability of IQ. The findings suggest that members of WEIRD societies, including young children, are among the least representative populations one could find for generalizing about humans. Many of these findings involve domains that are associated with fundamental aspects of psychology, motivation, and behavior - hence, there are no obvious a priori grounds for claiming that a particular behavioral phenomenon is universal based on sampling from a single subpopulation. Overall, these empirical patterns suggests that we need to be less cavalier in addressing questions of human nature on the basis of data drawn from this particularly thin, and rather unusual, slice of humanity. We close by proposing ways to structurally re-organize the behavioral sciences to best tackle these challenges.
6,370 citations
TL;DR: These guidelines include recommendations for obtaining semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalence in translation by using back-translation techniques and committee review, pre-testing techniques and re-examining the weight of scores.
5,114 citations
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015) as discussed by the authors was used to estimate the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for diseases and injuries at the global, regional, and national scale over the period of 1990 to 2015.
5,050 citations