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Arthur L. Caplan

Bio: Arthur L. Caplan is an academic researcher from New York University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Transplantation & Bioethics. The author has an hindex of 57, co-authored 664 publications receiving 13978 citations. Previous affiliations of Arthur L. Caplan include University of Strasbourg & University of Pittsburgh.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Three-dimensional biological scaffolds made of allogeneic or xenogeneic extracellular matrix derived from non-autologous sources can act as an inductive template for functional tissue and organ reconstruction after recellularisation with autologous stem cells or differentiated cells.

392 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A debate has emerged regarding whether the conditions responsible for these tragic events can be detected effectively in populations of various sizes by the available testing and examination techniques, and specifically, there is debate concerning which strategies are potentially the most reliable to separate those individuals with disease from those who are probably unaffected.

332 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Policy and guidelines that rely on arbitrary value limits for gift-giving or receipt should be reevaluated.
Abstract: Much attention has been focused in recent years on the ethical acceptability of physicians receiving gifts from drug companies. Professional guidelines recognize industry gifts as a conflict of interest and establish thresholds prohibiting the exchange of large gifts while expressly allowing for the exchange of small gifts such as pens, note pads, and coffee. Considerable evidence from the social sciences suggests that gifts of negligible value can influence the behavior of the recipient in ways the recipient does not always realize. Policies and guidelines that rely on arbitrary value limits for gift-giving or receipt should be reevaluated.

315 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the ability of health care providers to identify donor-eligible patients, approach families about donation, and obtain families' consent to donation was investigated in a 20-month period.
Abstract: . Objective : To determine why Required Request policies, which mandate that hospitals request donation from donor-eligible families, have not resulted in increased organ procurement. . Setting : Stratified sample of 23 acute-care general hospitals in two metropolitan areas. . Design : Chart review identified all eligible donors in study hospitals during a 20-month period. Health care professionals who spoke with the families of eligible donors after death were interviewed to determine families' and health care providers' behaviors after patients' deaths with reference to the donation process. . Participants : All patient deaths (n = 10 681) were reviewed, and 841 donor-eligible cases were chosen for in-depth study ; 1809 health care professionals who provided care to these patients were interviewed. . Measurements : The ability of health care providers to identify donor-eligible patients, approach families about donation, and obtain families' consent to donation. . Results : 83% of health care professionals correctly identified donor-eligible patients. The families of donor-eligible patients were approached about donation in 73.0% of the cases. Families were more likely to be approached about organ (86.6%) donation than either tissue (69.5%) or cornea (67.3%) donation (P < 0.001). The families of organ-eligible patients were less likely to be approached if the patient was female, was on a general medical or surgical floor, or was being cared for by intemists. Only 46.5% of families of eligible donors agreed to donate organs, 34.5% agreed to donate tissues, and 23.5% agreed to donate corneas. . Conclusions : Although health care professionals do request that families donate, families consent to donation less frequently than was previously assumed. Empirically based education campaigns are needed so that health care professionals can improve their communication skills and so that discussion about this important issue can be stimulated among family members.

227 citations


Cited by
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01 Feb 2009
TL;DR: This Secret History documentary follows experts as they pick through the evidence and reveal why the plague killed on such a scale, and what might be coming next.
Abstract: Secret History: Return of the Black Death Channel 4, 7-8pm In 1348 the Black Death swept through London, killing people within days of the appearance of their first symptoms. Exactly how many died, and why, has long been a mystery. This Secret History documentary follows experts as they pick through the evidence and reveal why the plague killed on such a scale. And they ask, what might be coming next?

5,234 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This document summarizes current capabilities, research and operational priorities, and plans for further studies that were established at the 2015 USGS workshop on quantitative hazard assessments of earthquake-triggered landsliding and liquefaction.
Abstract: ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1] ![Figure][1

4,975 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Prospect Theory led cognitive psychology in a new direction that began to uncover other human biases in thinking that are probably not learned but are part of the authors' brain’s wiring.
Abstract: In 1974 an article appeared in Science magazine with the dry-sounding title “Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases” by a pair of psychologists who were not well known outside their discipline of decision theory. In it Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman introduced the world to Prospect Theory, which mapped out how humans actually behave when faced with decisions about gains and losses, in contrast to how economists assumed that people behave. Prospect Theory turned Economics on its head by demonstrating through a series of ingenious experiments that people are much more concerned with losses than they are with gains, and that framing a choice from one perspective or the other will result in decisions that are exactly the opposite of each other, even if the outcomes are monetarily the same. Prospect Theory led cognitive psychology in a new direction that began to uncover other human biases in thinking that are probably not learned but are part of our brain’s wiring.

4,351 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) Task Force on Practice Guidelines regularly reviews existing guidelines to determine when an update or full revision is needed.

4,144 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Theodore G. Feldman, MD, PhD, FACC, FAHA, Chair as mentioned in this paper, Chair, Chair of FAHA 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2019
Abstract: Mariell Jessup, MD, FACC, FAHA, Chair [*][1] William T. Abraham, MD, FACC, FAHA[†][2] Donald E. Casey, MD, MPH, MBA[‡][3] Arthur M. Feldman, MD, PhD, FACC, FAHA[§][4] Gary S. Francis, MD, FACC, FAHA[§][4] Theodore G. Ganiats, MD[∥][5] Marvin A. Konstam, MD, FACC[¶][6] Donna M.

3,542 citations