物件導向軟體之架構(Object-Oriented Software Construction)探討

The pinch design method for heat exchanger networks

An outer-approximation algorithm is presented for solving mixed-integer nonlinear programming problems of a particular class. Linearity of the integer (or discrete) variables, and convexity of the nonlinear functions involving continuous variables are the main features in the underlying mathematical structure. Based on principles of decomposition, outer-approximation and relaxation, the proposed algorithm effectively exploits the structure of the problems, and consists of solving an alternating finite sequence of nonlinear programming subproblems and relaxed versions of a mixed-integer linear master program. Convergence and optimality properties of the algorithm are presented, as well as a general discussion on its implementation. Numerical results are reported for several example problems to illustrate the potential of the proposed algorithm for programs in the class addressed in this paper. Finally, a theoretical comparison with generalized Benders decomposition is presented on the lower bounds predicted by the relaxed master programs.

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An outer-approximation algorithm for a class of mixed-integer nonlinear programs

Knowledge and the Flow of Information.

http://cepac.cheme.cmu.edu/pasilectures/sahinidis/NVSpaperthree.pdf

Optimization under uncertainty: state-of-the-art and opportunities

1. Introduction to Process Design. I. PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF PROCESSES. 2. Overview of Flowsheet Synthesis. 3. Mass and Energy Balances. 4. Equipment Sizing and Costing. 5. Economic Evaluation. 6. Design and Scheduling of Batch Processes. II. ANALYSIS WITH RIGOROUS PROCESS MODELS. 7. Unit Equation Models. 8. General Concepts of Simulation for Process Design. 9. Process Flowsheet Optimization. III. BASIC CONCEPTS IN PROCESS SYNTHESIS. 10. Heat and Power Integration. 11. Ideal Distillation Systems. 12. Heat Integrated Distillation Processes. 13. Geometric Techniques for the Synthesis of Reactor Networks. 14. Separating Azeotropic Mixtures. IV. OPTIMIZATION APPROACHES TO PROCESS SYNTHESIS AND DESIGN. 15. Basic Concepts for Algorithmic Methods. 16. Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks. 17. Synthesis of Distillation Sequences. 18. Simultaneous Optimization and Heat Integration. 19. Optimization Techniques for Reactor Network Synthesis. 20. Structural Optimization of Process Flowsheets. 21. Process Flexibility. 22. Optimal Design and Scheduling for Multiproduct Batch Plants. References. Exercises. Appendix A.: Summary of Optimization Theory and Methods. Appendix B.: Smooth Approximations for max { 0, f(x)}. Appendix C.: Computer Tools for Preliminary Process Design. Author Index. Subject Index.

Systematic Methods of Chemical Process Design

Process synthesis is the step in design where the chemical engineer selects the component parts and how to interconnect them to create his flowsheet. This paper reviews the rapidly growing process synthesis literature of over 190 articles, almost all of which have been produced in the last decade.

The paper first introduces the nature of the synthesis problem and outlines the variety of approaches which have appeared to solve aspects of it. The problems include developing a representation, a means to evaluate alternatives, and a strategy to search the almost infinitely large space of possible alternatives. As the article demonstrates, effective solutions are very dependent on the nature of the synthesis problem being addressed.

The article covers in detail the following five synthesis topics: chemical reaction paths, separation systems, heat exchanger networks, complete flowsheets, and control systems. Readily apparent are the development of industrially significant insights to aid in the design of heat exchanger networks. Reasonable progress exists in the synthesis of separation systems based on nearly ideal distillation technology and in the development of computer aids by chemists for reaction path synthesis leading to desired complex organic molecules. More work is needed for the remaining areas to become industrially significant.

A review of process synthesis

Introduction Companies must design and operate chemical processes effectively and efficiently so they may survive in today’s highly competitive world. Providing the methods, tools and people that allow industry to meet its needs by tying science to engineering is a compelling aspect of Process Systems Engineering (PSE). Despite the importance of the PSE, the scope and research of this area are often not well understood. One of the major reasons is that chemical engineering has evolved over the past five decades from being an engineering discipline rooted in the concept of unit operations to one based on engineering science and mathematics, and most recently to one with increasing ties to the natural sciences. This very significant change in emphasis has created a gap between the science-based and the systems-based research in chemical engineering. We argue here that this gap might be closed in two ways: first, by broadening the definition of Process Systems Engineering through the introduction of the concept of the “chemical supply chain,” and second, by gaining a better appreciation of the intellectual research challenges in this area. We address this last issue by discussing the nature and major accomplishments of the PSE area and outlining emerging research directions.

Research challenges in process systems engineering

This book brings together all the information engineers and researchers need to develop efficient, cost-effective chemical production processes. The book presents a systematic approach to chemical process design, covering both continuous and batch processes. Starting with the basics, the book then moves on to advanced topics. Among the topics covered are: flowsheet synthesis, mass and energy balances, equipment sizing and costing, economic evaluation, process simulation and optimization. The book also covers specific chemical processes such as distillation systems, reactor networks, separation, and heat exchange networks. It shows how to build more flexible processes, including multiproduct batch processes.

Arthur W. Westerberg

Papers

Systematic Methods of Chemical Process Design

A review of process synthesis

Research challenges in process systems engineering

Systematic methods for chemical process design

Minimum utility usage in heat exchanger network synthesis : a transportation problem