Arup Ratan Bandyopadhyay

Bio: Arup Ratan Bandyopadhyay is an academic researcher from University of Calcutta. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Waist. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 48 publications receiving 231 citations.

Comparative evaluation of obesity measures: relationship with blood pressures and hypertension.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION The purpose of the present study was to compare the relationship of all obesity measures with blood pressures and to fi nd out the best obesity measure, associated with greater risk of hypertension. METHODS A total of 180 adult Bengalee Hindu men from Hridoypur of 24 Pgs (N), West Bengal, India were evaluated in the present cross-sectional study. Biosocial data (such as age, education, occupation), anthropometry and blood pressure measurements were obtained. Body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR), conicity index (CI) and waist stature ratio (WSR) were subsequently derived. Statistical analysis includes linear and logistic regression. RESULTS The mean age of the studied individuals was 35.7 years (standard deviation, 9.35 years) and the frequency of hypertensive individuals was 11.7 percent. WSR explained 14.3 percent variance of systolic blood pressure (SBP), followed by waist circumference (WC) (13.0 percent) and BMI (13.1 percent). BMI (8.8 percent), WC (8.6 percent) and WSR (8.4 percent) explained closely the same amount of variance of diastolic blood pressure (DBP). All obesity measures were significantly and positively correlated with blood pressures. The odds-ratio (OR) associated with a 1 kilogramme per square metre increase in BMI was 1.17. Comparing values for a 0.1 increase in WSR was 1.22, followed by WHR (OR 1.09). A 1.0 cm increase in WC was associated with OR 1.07 followed by OR 1.06 for a 1.0 increase in CI. In multivariate analysis, significant predictors of hypertension were age and BMI. CONCLUSION Among all obesity measures, WSR and BMI explained comparatively larger amount of variance of SBP and DBP, respectively. However, the greater risk of developing hypertension was associated with increasing BMI.

Income, Birth Order, Siblings, and Anthropometry

Abstract: The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship and effect of monthly household income, birth order, and number of siblings on adult body dimensions, adiposity index, and body composition among adult Bengali females. One hundred seventy-one adult Bengali females, age 20.35 ±1.51 years (mean ±SD; range: 18–21 years) from Kolkata (formerly Calcutta) were studied. Anthropometric measures (weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, and triceps, biceps, subscapular, suprailiac, and medial calf skinfold thicknesses) were taken from all participants using standard protocols. BMI and log10 of the sum of the five skinfold thicknesses were computed subsequently. Percentage of body fat was estimated from the triceps skinfold thickness following the equation of Durnin and Womersley (1974), and fat mass was then calculated. Results of the correlation analysis revealed that monthly household income had significant (p < 0.05) positive association with all anthropome...

Radiation (60Co)-Induced Graft Copolymerization of Acrylamide on Jute Fiber

Abstract: The radiation induced graft copolymerization of acrylamide onto jute fibers was studied following preirradiation of jute in air using a60Co source of γ-radiation and subsequent polymerization of acrylamide in a limited aqueous system under nitrogen at 607°C. An increase of the time of preirradiation (at a fixed dose rate) increased the percent grafting measurably and the grafting efficiency marginall Grafting effects showed further improvement on addition of Fe2+ or Co2+ ions to the system prior to the polymerization step. Increasing the concentration of Fe2+ or Co2+ ion led to an increase in the grafting parameters with a leveling off effect in the higher concentration range, however. An increase in the polymer (jute) content for a fixed monomer content produced a significant increase in the efficiency of grafting, while % grafting followed a slowly decreasing trend.

Central adiposity and the risk of hypertension in Asian Indian girls.

Abstract: Elevated blood pressure during childhood is an established predictor of elevated blood pressure in adulthood. This study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship of general and central adiposity measures with hypertension and to find out the best adiposity measure in predicting hypertension. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 197 girls aged 5 to 16 years. Anthropometric measurements included stature, weight, waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference. Body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), waist hip ratio (WHR) and conicity index (CI) were calculated subsequently. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic bold pressure (DBP) were taken and hypertension was defined as age and stature adjusted SBP and/or DBP ≥95th percentile. Linear and logistic regression analysis was made to determine the relationship of adiposity measure with blood pressure and hypertension and to find out the best adiposity measure in predicting hypertension. Both WC [odds ratio (OR)=2.20, 95% confidence interval, 1.32–3.69] and CI (OR=1.85, 95% confidence interval, 1.14–3.0) were significantly associated with hypertension. However, there was no significant association in BMI and WHR with hypertension. WC is the best adiposity measure in predicting hypertension in girls.

Maternal fetal interaction in the ABO system: A comparative analysis of healthy mother and couples with spontaneous abortion in Bengalee population.

Abstract: Objectives: The selective effects on genotypes could generally be perceived by its manifestation in prezygotic and postzygotic stages, which is further extendable to neonatal and postnatal periods in human. Selective elimination of genotypes could generally be perceived by the study of reproductive performance of the couple on the basis of their mating types. Actual studies on the products of conception, living, or dead (aborted material) of these couples essential for understanding of process of selective elimination of the alleles. Methods: Of 124 spontaneous abortions occurring during the first 16 weeks of gestation, simultaneous karyotyping and ABO blood grouping of 148 of the parents was carried out. In 80 of the 124 chromosome-analyzed aborted foeti, the ABO blood groups of the foeti were determined by the mixed cell agglutinating reaction in fetal tissue. Results: The results of the ABO blood grouping were compared with that of 100 newborns along with their parents (181) from the same area. Among aborted foeti with normal karyotype, a significantly higher (P < 0.05) frequency of ABO incompatibility was found in couple combination in comparison with the couple combination of the parents of the newborns. Furthermore, the distribution ABO blood group alleles of the fetuses deviated significantly from those of newborns (P < 0.05) in terms of significantly higher A alleles among the fetus. Conclusions: The ABO incompatibility between the couples is likely to be a risk factor for early spontaneous abortions and also the heterozygote selection of ABO blood group genotypes. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2011. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

A systematic review of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for the prediction of cardiovascular disease and diabetes: 0·5 could be a suitable global boundary value

Abstract: This systematic review collated seventy-eight studies exploring waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist circumference (WC) or BMI as predictors of diabetes and CVD, published in English between 1950 and 2008. Twenty-two prospective analyses showed that WHtR and WC were significant predictors of these cardiometabolic outcomes more often than BMI, with similar OR, sometimes being significant predictors after adjustment for BMI. Observations from crosssectional analyses, forty-four in adults, thirteen in children, supported these predictions. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed mean area under ROC (AUROC) values of 0·704, 0·693 and 0·671 for WHtR, WC and BMI, respectively. Mean boundary values for WHtR, covering all cardiometabolic outcomes, from studies in fourteen different countries and including Caucasian, Asian and Central American subjects, were 0·50 for men and 0·50 for women. WHtR and WC are therefore similar predictors of diabetes and CVD, both being stronger than, and independent of, BMI. To make firmer statistical comparison, a meta-analysis is required. The AUROC analyses indicate that WHtR may be a more useful global clinical screening tool than WC, with a weighted mean boundary value of 0·5, supporting the simple public health message ‘keep your waist circumference to less than half your height’. Waist-to-height ratio: Waist circumference: BMI: Central obesity: Abdominal obesity: Obesity

Biological and clinical significance of haptoglobin polymorphism in humans.

Abstract: Haptoglobin is a hemoglobin-binding protein expressed by a genetic polymorphism as three major phenotypes: 1-1, 2-1, and 2-2. Most attention has been paid to determining haptoglobin phenotype as a genetic fingerprint used in forensic medicine. More recently, several functional differences between haptoglobin phenotypes have been demonstrated that appear to have important biological and clinical consequences. Haptoglobin polymorphism is associated with the prevalence and clinical evolution of many inflammatory diseases, including infections, atherosclerosis, and autoimmune disorders. These effects are explained by a phenotype-dependent modulation of oxidative stress and prostaglandin synthesis. Recent evidence is growing that haptoglobin is involved in the immune response as well. The strong genetic pressure favoring the 2-2 phenotype suggests an important role of haptoglobin in human pathology.

Human Blood Groups

Abstract: Blood Groups in Man By Dr. R. R. Race and Dr. Ruth Sanger. Pp. xv + 290. (Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, Ltd., 1950.) 30s. net.

Studies on Jute Composites—A Literature Review

Abstract: Jute fiber is an important agricultural product. It is one of the most common natural fibers in Third World countries such as India, China, Bangladesh, etc. The jute industry has special importance in the economy of India and continues to be a major traditional earner of foreign exchange. However, it is facing tough competition from the synthetic fibers. Jute fibers find use in sophisticated fields like decorative and furnishing materials such as lamp shades, wall covers, curtains, upholsteries, etc. Today it is the least expensive fiber of mass consumption, at only a fraction of the cost of glass fibers; in terms of volume, jute is now the second most important fiber in the world, next to cotton. In the traditional applications in carpets, ropes, sacks, etc., jute fibers have been partially replaced by synthetic fibers which have some advantages compared to jute. In order to ensure a reasonable return to farmers, nontraditional outlets have to be explored for the fiber. One such avenue is in the...