We sought to analyze gender differences in General Practitioners’ (GP) preventive practices: variations according to the GP’s and the patient’s genders, separately and combined, and the homogeneity of GPs’ practices according to gender. Fifty-two general practitioners volunteered to participate in a cross-sectional study. A sample of 70 patients (stratified by gender) aged 40–70 years was randomly chosen from each GP’s patient panel. Information extracted from the medical files was used to describe the GPs’ preventive practices for each patient: measurements of weight, waist circumference, glucose, and cholesterol; inquiry and counseling about smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, and physical activity, and dates of cervical smears and mammographies. An aggregate preventive score was calculated to assess the percentage of these practices performed by each GP for patients overall and by gender. Mixed models were used to test for gender differences. Questionnaires were collected in 2008–2009 for 71% of the 3640 patients and analyzed in June 2017. Male patients and female GPs were associated with the most frequent performance of many types of preventive care. The aggregate preventive score was higher for male patients (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.47–1.75) and female GPs (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.05–1.73). There was no combined effect of the genders of the two protagonists. Female patients of male GPs appeared to receive preventive care least frequently and female GPs to deliver preventive care more consistently than their male colleagues. Physicians need to be aware of these differences, for both patient gender and their own.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12913-020-05136-2.pdf

Physicians' preventive practices: more frequently performed for male patients and by female physicians.

Objective 
To explore the barriers to successful home-based human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling in North Gondar, Ethiopia.


Methods 
The study participants were women who had previously participated in a community-wide home-based HPV self-sampling pilot study, community health workers, women’s development army leaders, and the sample collectors of the home-based HPV self-sampling pilot study. A community based qualitative descriptive study was conducted. We applied purposive and convenience sampling. In total, 47 women participated in the study (in-depth interviews n = 22, four focus group discussions n = 25, 6–7 participants each). The study employed thematic analysis for clustering the emerged themes.


Results 
Husband disapproval was identified as the main barrier to the acceptance of home-based HPV self-sampling. Social influence, lack of knowledge about cervical cancer and screening, lack of health education on cervical cancer and HPV-based screening, feeling healthy, and religious influence were identified as additional barriers. Fear of using Evalyn brush® for self-sampling was found to be the main barrier to the provision of a quality sample. The inability of the sample collectors to check the proper utilization of Evalyn brush® and the difficulty in understanding the instructions did also contribute to the low-quality. Providing health education concerning cervical cancer and HPV self-sapling to women, male involvement in the screening program, and linking the screening service to existing local health facilities were suggested to guarantee the success of home-based HPV self-sampling.


Conclusions 
Educating women regarding cervical cancer and HPV testing, providing clear instructions on how to collect self-sample, and male involvement in the screening program are prerequisites for a successful implementation of home-based HPV testing. Women empowerment should also be focused to overcome the identified sociocultural barriers. Furthermore, the screening program should guarantee the timely provision of the test results and offering women follow-up examinations and treatment for abnormal findings.

/pdf/community-cervical-cancer-screening-barriers-to-successful-26mgbb9qak.pdf

Community cervical cancer screening: Barriers to successful home-based HPV self-sampling in Dabat district, North Gondar, Ethiopia. A qualitative study.

Objectives:Among cancer prevention studies, little is known about knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs toward triage adherence in the context of the human papillomavirus self-collection test. This for...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1745506520976011

Knowledge and perceptions regarding triage among human papillomavirus-tested women: A qualitative study of perspectives of low-income women in Argentina.

This study aimed to understand the influence of health beliefs, demographic factors, and health characteristics on the intention to undergo Pap smear testing among women in rural areas of Indonesia. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and 687 married women participated in the study. A convenience sampling was applied to recruit the participants from community health centres in a rural region in Indonesia. Self-reported data using the Health Beliefs Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test was collected to assess the health beliefs. Independent t-tests, simple logistic regressions, and a hierarchical logistic regression with 3 steps were run. Statistical significance for analysis was set at p < 0.05. The mean age of the participants was 42 years (SD = 8.4). Among the participants, 81% of the women had never undergone a Pap smear test, and 61% (n = 422) of the women reported a high intention of receiving a Pap smear test. Income and education Health beliefs regarding Pap smear testing were different between women who had low and high intentions to undergo Pap smear testing. Health beliefs, such as perceived benefits, severity, barriers to Pap smear testing, and health motivation for a Pap smear test were associated with the intention to undergo Pap smear testing among rural Indonesian women. Overall, the hierarchical multiple regression with 3 steps containing demographic, health characteristics, and health belief variables accounted for 31% variance of the intention to undergo Pap smear test among the Indonesian rural women. Low screening rates of cervical cancer and high intentions to do the screening exist among rural Indonesian women. Health beliefs significantly affect the rural women’s intention of Pap smear testing in Indonesia. Cervical cancer is a leading cancer among women and a significant cause of mortality for females around the world, including Indonesia. Globally, the screening rate for cervical cancer among women in rural areas remains low. In Indonesia, the incidence and the mortality from cervical cancer remain high compared to other female cancers. The Indonesian government has offered a free Pap smear screening to women since 2014, but the screening rate is still low, around 28%. A total of 687 married women were included in the study. Approximately 80% of Indonesian women living in rural areas have never undergone a Pap smear test, and 60% of women reported a high intention of receiving a Pap smear test. Education, income, previous experience of Pap smear testing, a friend with a history of cervical cancer, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and health motivations were significantly associated with the intention of Pap smear testing. Low screening rates of cervical cancer and high intentions toward the cervical cancer screening exist among rural Indonesian women. Health beliefs significantly affect the women’s intention of Pap smear testing.

/pdf/factors-associated-with-the-intention-to-undergo-pap-smear-423bik1drc.pdf

Factors associated with the intention to undergo Pap smear testing in the rural areas of Indonesia: a health belief model.

The lives of women and babies matter: A call for action in Indigenous and First Nations women's health and wellbeing.

Introduction According to recent statistics, there is a high percentage of refusal of cervical cancer screening using the Pap smear test by women in rural communities in developing countries such as Peru. There are few studies on the reasons to explain said refusal in this country. The objective of this study was to determine the barriers related to the non-acceptance of cervical cancer screening using the Pap smear test in women of childbearing age from a rural Peruvian community. Methods Cross-sectional study, with a total of 892 women of childbearing age from the rural Peruvian community of Marian, Huaraz province, Ancash region, who did not accept screening for cervical cancer using the Pap smear test during their care at the Marian Health Centre. A questionnaire given from September 2017 to April 2018 was used. The information was processed with the statistics programme for social science 22.0 programme, using the Chi-square statistical test. Results For 4-6 years, 52.5% of women refused cervical cancer screening using the Pap smear test. The barriers that showed a statistically significant relationship to the non-acceptance of cervical cancer screening using the Pap test were socio-demographic (age, marital status, education level, occupation and home income) and institutional barriers (counselling for cervical cancer screening, importance of the gender of health personnel administering the screening, history of mistreatment by health personnel, fear or embarrassment of the screening procedure and a delay in sending the results) (p 0.05). Conclusions Socio-demographic and institutional barriers are related to the non-acceptance of cervical cancer screening using the Pap test in women of childbearing age in the rural Peruvian community of Marian, with a lesser emphasis on reproductive barriers. With this in mind, we recommend undertaking broader studies in populations of different age groups, which should be oriented towards the design and application of preventive/promotional programmes by health institutions to promote the participation of community workers with the goal of aiding the identification and control of said barriers, reducing the refusal of cervical cancer screenings by women from rural areas.

/pdf/barriers-to-the-non-acceptance-of-cervical-cancer-screenings-1e2ekigzsm.pdf

Barriers to the non-acceptance of cervical cancer screenings (pap smear test) in women of childbearing age in a rural area of Peru

Barriers to HPV vaccine uptake in adolescents of the indigenous Andean community of Peru

Satisfaction of Quechua-speaking indigenous pregnant women from a rural community in Peru with telemonitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The objective of the study was to determine the information security education topics developed in the training of obstetrics students and their relationship with the self-perception of privacy protection risk in mobile web during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Santiago Antunez of Mayolo National University (UNASAM) (Huaraz-Peru). A correlational cross-sectional investigation was developed, with 164 obstetric students. The information was collected through a questionnaire applied online between November and December 2020, having determined its validity and reliability. The Chi squared statistical test (p < 0.05) was used, while the information processing was carried out using the SPSS program. It was determined that 61.6% of obstetric students perceived a high risk in the protection of their privacy in mobile web during the development of their activities in the academic cycle 2020-I. Likewise, it was evidenced that the majority of students stated that they had not developed the topics consulted with regard to information security education during their virtual studies in obstetric, especially with regard to the recommendations for the use of passwords (83.5%), privacy protection strategies (81.1%) and data management through the creation of backups (79.9%), showing a statistically significant relationship with the self-perception of privacy protection risk in mobile web (p < 0.05). It was concluded that the low development of information security education topics in the training of obstetric students is related to the self-perception of high risk in the privacy protection in mobile web during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Information Security Education and Self-perception of Privacy Protection Risk in Mobile Web in Obstetrics Students from Peru

The objective of this research was to determine the satisfaction of pregnant women in a Facebook group created and directed by midwives to provide information on prenatal care during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru. A cross-sectional study was carried out, where 226 pregnant women answered an online questionnaire. It was concluded that the majority of pregnant women were fully satisfied with the information provided by midwives on prenatal care, highlighting the credibility of the information. Areas that could have been improved included the variety of topics covered and the way participants were treated. The variety of topics addressed and the cordial treatment among the participants are aspects susceptible to improvement.

Global Perspectives Satisfaction Of Pregnant Women in a Facebook Group Led by Midwives With Information on Prenatal Care During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Peru

Augusto Felix Olaza-Maguiña

Papers

Barriers to the non-acceptance of cervical cancer screenings (pap smear test) in women of childbearing age in a rural area of Peru

Barriers to HPV vaccine uptake in adolescents of the indigenous Andean community of Peru

Satisfaction of Quechua-speaking indigenous pregnant women from a rural community in Peru with telemonitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Information Security Education and Self-perception of Privacy Protection Risk in Mobile Web in Obstetrics Students from Peru

Global Perspectives Satisfaction Of Pregnant Women in a Facebook Group Led by Midwives With Information on Prenatal Care During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Peru