Purpose




The purpose of this paper is to highlight the advantages of a simplified algorithm to solve the problem of heat and mass transfer in porous medium by reducing the number of partial differential equations from four to three.




Design/methodology/approach




The approach of the present paper is to develop a simplified algorithm to reduce the number of equations involved in conjugate heat transfer in porous medium.




Findings




Developed algorithm/method has many advantages over conventional method of solution for conjugate heat transfer in porous medium.




Research limitations/implications




The current work is applicable to conjugate heat transfer problem.




Practical implications




The developed algorithm is useful in reducing the number of equations to be solved, thus reducing the computational resources required.




Originality/value




Development of simplified algorithm and comparison with conventional method.

Simplified finite element algorithm to solve conjugate heat and mass transfer in porous medium

Nusselt number analysis from a battery pack cooled by different fluids and multiple back-propagation modelling using feed-forward networks

In this article, we report the results of a robust model developed for estimating the thermal conductivity of a copper oxide-water nano-suspensions using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) at different temperatures and various mass fractions of nanoparticles. To increase the reliability, an ANOVA statistical approach was utilised to further identify the F-value and P-value of the model. To rank the operating parameters, a normal probability assessment was applied to the data to calculate the value of the noise and potential error distribution of the model. Results revealed that the developed model is robust, reliable and the achieved outcome is in a reasonable agreement with those data obtained by the experiments for the thermal conductivity of CuO (II)/water NF within 25 °C to 40 °C and mass concentrations of 1000 ppm to 4000 ppm. The values of R-squared (R2) and average absolute deviation (AAD%) were 0.9939 and 0.615%, respectively showing the accuracy and robustness of the established model. We also validated the RSM model by conducting further experiments. It was shown that the model can predict the thermal conductivity of the NF with less than 2% error.

Potential application of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for the prediction and optimization of thermal conductivity of aqueous CuO (II) nanofluid: A statistical approach and experimental validation

A novel technique for multi-objective optimization of thermal management in battery system using hybrid Genetic algorithm and Fuzzy logic is developed. Secondly, Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm combined with Fuzzy logic is also proposed for the same. The combined algorithms and fitness function for fitness evaluation is written in-house C code. For the thermal performance fitness evaluation, realistic conjugate heat transfer condition at the battery and coolant interface is adopted. The objective functions are average Nusselt number, friction coefficient, and maximum temperature. Maximizing one causes proportional increase in another, hence to achieve a moderate condition of better Nusselt number with low pumping power cost and temperature within allowable limits, these algorithms assist in optimization. Five different independent operating parameters are selected for the Multi-objective optimization and brief results are presented. The Fuzzy logic membership functions adopted can be easily modified/selected by the user to suite the battery thermal problem at hand and to assign weight to each fitness function. The fitness function obtained using the proposed multi-objective optimization technique are closer and indicate safe temperature of battery with enhanced Nusselt number and minimum friction coefficient. The maximum multi-objective fitness obtained after normalization is 0.9.

Multi-objective optimization of thermal performance in battery system using genetic and particle swarm algorithm combined with fuzzy logics

The current work simulates the heat transfer across a porous medium fixed in an annular conical cylinder. The geometry is such that the lower part is conical annulus supporting a regular annular cylinder. The porous medium is fixed between inner and outer radius of conical annular cylinder. The inner radius until conical section is heated with constant temperature Th whereas the outer radius is cooled to isothermal temperature Tc such that Th>Tc . The heat transfer phenomenon in this case can be described by two coupled partial differential equations which are solved using finite element method by using 3-node triangular elements. The heat transfer characteristics in this case are quite different from other geometries being discussed in the literature. It is observed that the fluid flow is stronger in the conical section as compared to the cylindrical part of porous geometry. A very few isothermal lines penetrate into the cylindrical porous region as compared to that of conical section.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/149/1/012211/pdf

Heat transfer in a conical porous cylinder with partial heating

The present article deals with the issue of heat and mass transfer in a square porous cavity having a small solid wall or block inserted at various places at bottom surface. The main objective is to investigate the effect of size of solid wall and its location inside the porous cavity on double diffusive convention. The heat and mass transfer behavior are governed by momentum, energy and concentration equations which are converted into a set of finite element equation with the help of Galerkin method. The left surface of cavity is maintained at higher temperature and concentration, T h and C h as compared to that of right surface at T c and C c . The results are presented in terms of thermal, concentration and fluid flow profiles across the porous cavity.

Conjugate heat and mass transfer in square porous cavity

The current work highlights the effect of radiation on the conjugate heat and mass transfer in a square porous cavity having a solid wall. The solid wall is placed at the center of cavity. The left surface of cavity is maintained at higher temperature Tw and concentration Cw whereas the right surface is maintained at Tc and Cc such that Tw>Tc and Cw>Cc. The top and bottom surfaces are adiabatic. The governing equations are solved with the help of finite element method by making use of triangular elements. The results are discussed with respect to two different heights of solid wall inside the porous medium along with the radiation parameter.

Influence of radiation on double conjugate diffusion in a porous cavity

An investigation is carried out to predict the heat transfer characteristics in an irregular square porous cavity having a small isothermal heater placed at bottom left corner of cavity. The heater is of step shape with vertical right and horizontal top edges which are maintained at an isothermal temperature and right vertical surface of domain is maintained at cold temperature. The top and bottom edges of porous domain are maintained adiabatically. The governing equations are solved iteratively with the help of finite element method. Results are discussed with respect to isothermal and streamline distribution inside the porous domain.

Azeem

Papers

Conjugate heat and mass transfer in square porous cavity

Influence of radiation on double conjugate diffusion in a porous cavity

Investigation of heat transfer due to isothermal heater in irregular porous cavity: Part I

Fem Formulation for Heat and Mass Transfer in Porous Medium

Heat Transfer in Porous Media: A Mini Review