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B. Karmakar

Bio: B. Karmakar is an academic researcher from Indian Statistical Institute. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Dermatoglyphics. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 34 publications receiving 274 citations.

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TL;DR: The present report supports the evidence of the existence of a major gene on these dermatoglyphic traits and the transmission of this effect is consistent with Mendelian expectation.
Abstract: Background: It is well established that dermatoglyphics are genetically determined. But, to date, few studies have given attention to the inheritance pattern of dermatoglyphics. Furthermore, despit...

28 citations

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TL;DR: The evidence indicates the possible role of environmental (prenatal) factors in the realization of dermatoglyphic sex differences among the Chuvashian population of Russia and corresponds better than fingers to the ethno historical background of the populations, ascertained by numerous studies.
Abstract: With the aim of determining sex dimorphism among the Chuvashian population of Russia, digital and palmar dermatoglyphics of 547 individuals (293 males, 254 females) were analyzed. The sex differences for PII, TRC, and AFRC are similar to Indian and Jewish populations. Correlation coefficients between individual finger ridge counts are a little lower than in Jews but are almost equal to Indian populations. The Mantel test of matrix correlation between sexes for 22 traits shows a very good similarity. However, sex differences of palmar traits display different levels when compared with other human populations. In light of this, our evidence indicates the possible role of environmental (prenatal) factors in the realization of dermatoglyphic sex differences. The development of palmar dermatoglyphics has had a relatively longer growth period compared with fingers [Cummins, H., 1929. The topographic history of the volar pads (walking pads, tast ballen) in the human embryo. Embryol. 20, 103-126]. The palmar dermatoglyphic pattern of affinities therefore corresponds better than fingers to the ethno historical background of the populations, ascertained by numerous studies.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The pattern of external gene flow as inferred through R‐matrix analysis is consistent with the breeding and population structure of the groups, although genetic markers portray a relatively more realistic picture.
Abstract: The nature and extent of dermatoglyphic variation in northwest India is examined with the help of 28 quantitative variables-20 finger ridge counts and 8 palmar pattern ridge counts-among 12 endogamous populations. These populations represent the entire spectrum of ethnic and socioeconomic variation of the region and are presently distributed in three different states-Rajasthan, Punjab, and Himachal Pradesh. Of a total sample of 1,160 adult males, about 100 from each group were considered. Multiple discriminant analysis and R-matrix analysis were used to derive population relationships and patterns of external gene flow, respectively. Published data on genetic markers were reanalyzed to make the comparative evaluation of the patterns with reference to dermatoglyphs. Both the discriminant analysis and the F(ST) from R-matrix analysis suggest highly significant discrimination among the northwestern groups, whether one uses only 20 finger ridge count variables or all 28 variables, including the 8 palmar pattern ridge counts. The 8 palmar variables add very little to the variation explained by the 20 finger ridge count variables. F(ST) values suggest that the populations of Punjab are most homogeneous and those of Himachal Pradesh most heterogeneous. However, the levels of differentiation are similar for dermatoglyphs and genetic markers. The pattern of external gene flow as inferred through R-matrix analysis is consistent with the breeding and population structure of the groups, although genetic markers portray a relatively more realistic picture. Overall, the patterns of variation observed in dermatoglyphs and genetic markers are consistent with different dimensions of population structure; whereas dermatoglyphs conform more to the geographic pattern and less to ethnic resemblance, the reverse is true in the case of genetic markers. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 12:315-326, 2000. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

20 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The nature of variation of these components appears with a good similarity between sexes, which suggests their common biological validity of the underlying component structures of the finger and palmar dermatoglyphic characters.
Abstract: With the aim of determining sexual dimorphism in the component structures among the Chuvashian population of Russia, finger and palmar dermatoglyphics of 547 individuals (293 males, 254 females) were analyzed. The sex differences in two categories of dermatoglyphic traits (22 quantitative traits and 38 asymmetry and diversity traits) are reflected differently and contradictory with other ethnic groups. However, a common feature of the factor 1 »digital pattern size factor« (finger ridge counts from the first category of traits) indicate its degree of universality when compared with other populations, which suggests that the variability of finger ridge counts is determined by the same genes that control the pattern types. The factors »intra-individual finger diversity factor«, and »bi-lateral asymmetry factor« extracted from the second category of dermatoglyphic traits are also similar in both sexes. However, these components are hardly described in the literature. The nature of variation of these components (from two categories of dermatoglyphic traits) appears with a good similarity between sexes, which suggests their common biological validity of the underlying component structures of the finger and palmar dermatoglyphic characters.

17 citations

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TL;DR: Variation in quantitative dermatoglyphics among three endogamous groups of marine fishermen of Puri Coast, India, is greater for the palmar variables than for the fingers.
Abstract: Variation in quantitative dermatoglyphics among three endogamous groups of marine fishermen of Puri Coast, India, is greater for the palmar variables than for the fingers. This is the case in both the sexes. The pattern of population affinities, however, differs for the males and females. In order to evaluate the importance of palmar variables in population studies, the results in males are compared with those of finger variables and anthropometrics. There is no significant heterogeneity between the groups for finger variables. Although significant intergroup variability is observed in the palmar and anthropometric traits, the two sets of results are not in the same direction. Palmar dermatoglyphic relationships reflect the caste affiliations, while the anthropometric are in line with geographic proximity.

17 citations


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TL;DR: For the next few weeks the course is going to be exploring a field that’s actually older than classical population genetics, although the approach it’ll be taking to it involves the use of population genetic machinery.
Abstract: So far in this course we have dealt entirely with the evolution of characters that are controlled by simple Mendelian inheritance at a single locus. There are notes on the course website about gametic disequilibrium and how allele frequencies change at two loci simultaneously, but we didn’t discuss them. In every example we’ve considered we’ve imagined that we could understand something about evolution by examining the evolution of a single gene. That’s the domain of classical population genetics. For the next few weeks we’re going to be exploring a field that’s actually older than classical population genetics, although the approach we’ll be taking to it involves the use of population genetic machinery. If you know a little about the history of evolutionary biology, you may know that after the rediscovery of Mendel’s work in 1900 there was a heated debate between the “biometricians” (e.g., Galton and Pearson) and the “Mendelians” (e.g., de Vries, Correns, Bateson, and Morgan). Biometricians asserted that the really important variation in evolution didn’t follow Mendelian rules. Height, weight, skin color, and similar traits seemed to

9,847 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2016-Thyroid
TL;DR: A systematic review supports a widespread and persistent increase in TC incidence and evidence for over-detection of PTC as the predominant influence includes increased numbers of smaller size tumors and improved or unchanged survival.
Abstract: Background: A large proportion of global increase in thyroid cancer (TC) incidence has been attributed to increased detection of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Nonetheless, some reports support a real increase in incidence. This study aimed to perform a systematic review to evaluate the changing trends in TC incidence and summarize potential risk factors predisposing to this trend. Methods: Literature published in the English language between 1980 and August 2014 was searched via PubMed (MEDLINE) and OvidSP (EMBASE). Original studies on changes in TC incidence in defined geographic areas that described clear methods of case selection and population estimates were included. Data on incidence rates and risk factors were collected. Results: Of 4719 manuscripts, 60 studies were included, of which 31 were from Europe, 13 from North America, and the rest from Asia (n = 9), Oceania (n = 4), and South America (n = 3). Fifty-three articles reported a significant increase in incidence (highest was a 10-fold increa...

247 citations

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241 citations

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TL;DR: This foetus into man physical growth from conception to maturity will help people to enjoy a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon instead of facing with some malicious virus inside their desktop computer.
Abstract: Thank you for downloading foetus into man physical growth from conception to maturity. As you may know, people have look numerous times for their chosen novels like this foetus into man physical growth from conception to maturity, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their desktop computer.

234 citations